Expectant mothers in the Philippines used creative coping strategies to manage sociopolitical stressors, including reframing difficult circumstances and maintaining a positive outlook. The study suggests that how new moms cope with stressful news may be more important than the news itself, with 67% of participants citing financial stre...
Organic chemistry is challenging AI researchers to think outside the box, driving advances in how AI represents complex problems and reasons from limited evidence. This is enabling the development of more reliable, efficient, and transparent AI systems that can support various areas of science and society.
Scientists create novel hybrid bioprinting technique to replicate human vascular networks, achieving scale and complexity previously unattainable. The breakthrough enables the fabrication of hierarchical vascular networks in one, two, and three dimensions.
A new study by University of Notre Dame economist Santosh Kumar Gautam found that India's universal immunization programme significantly reduced infant and under-five mortality rates. However, the programme had mixed effects on educational attainment, with some regions seeing increased primary school completion while others experienced...
Scientists engineered an enzyme that selectively recognizes and repairs broken RNA, suggesting that molecular tools needed to preserve the RNA-based genetic code could be furnished by RNA alone. This discovery has implications for understanding the origins of life and developing new biotechnology applications.
Researchers analyzed 50 studies of biological records from the Great Lakes to track per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also known as 'forever chemicals.' The study found that PFAS compounds do not break down due to their strong carbon-fluorine bonds, leading to biomagnification in top predators.
Researchers found that most readers abandon sites after hitting paywalls, but these barriers actually increase subscriptions by 84 times. Paywalls also prompt readers to log in or explore free content. To boost digital revenue, publishers should target readers with tailored offers and cultivate direct relationships.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have discovered a key process for how gram-negative bacteria attach their outer membrane to the cell wall. The study found that protein PA2854 performs a chemical reaction linking the outer membrane to the cell wall, a crucial step in maintaining the bacterium's health.
A new study reveals that climate change is actively worsening childhood stunting globally, particularly in rural areas with low service accessibility. Structural socioeconomic inequality also exacerbates the issue, with community-level inequality consistently linked to stunting rates.
Researchers found that rice-fish coculturing reduced snail populations, leading to lower disease incidence among rice farmers and their families. The intervention also increased rice yields by over 25% and improved soil nutrients.
A comprehensive study of Native American breast cancer tissue reveals molecular differences that may impact treatment efficacy. The study found unique patterns in gene mutations and immune system interactions, highlighting the need for personalized therapies.
Researchers compared two prevalent MS models to identify specific scenarios where one model is better suited for studying myelin loss and regeneration. The study analyzed preclinical models alongside human MS tissue samples, revealing genetic changes and insights into disease progression.
A new study by Lee Gettler of the University of Notre Dame found that COVID-19 lockdowns had a limited lasting effect on fathers' involvement in childcare, contrary to initial reports. The 15-year longitudinal data showed no significant change in fathering behaviors before and after the pandemic, with most dads resuming their pre-pande...
A new study by University of Notre Dame researcher Madhav Joshi found that international partners significantly improve the success of peace agreements. The study tracked 578 individual commitments from December 2016 through April 2023 and found that deeper engagement increases implementation outcomes.
According to a recent study, about half of the US population expresses democratic neutrality, which can enable antidemocratic outcomes. This neutrality is concerning as it can be associated with authoritarianism, tolerance of norm violations, extremism, distrust, and obscuring antidemocratic views.
A new study finds that personal attacks in politics are strongly associated with greater media coverage, but show no correlation with fundraising or policy success. Researchers discovered an asymmetric pattern of conflict entrepreneurs, who use antagonistic rhetoric to gain media attention and become 'media celebrities'.
Researchers developed a dynamic optimization model to help NGOs in rural Africa optimize maintenance schedules, reducing downtime and logistics costs. The model achieved significant reductions in maintenance downtime, ranging from 47-62% in Ethiopia and 53% in Malawi.
Researchers found that trees with heart rot disease release more methane than healthy trees, regardless of disease severity. Methane emissions peak in the trunk's center, a finding that challenges previous assumptions about tree health and greenhouse gas cycling.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame examines the prevalence, determinants and consequences of cheap stock options. The research found that firms granting more options, having larger public offerings and venture capital backing tend to have greater gaps between IPO prices and exercise prices.
Researchers identify vulnerabilities in three major sectors: physical, financial, and managerial 'cliffs' that could trigger localized energy crises and price shocks. Policymakers are urged to adopt managed decline strategies to avoid disruption of services and stabilize the mid-transition period to zero carbon energy.
A new study provides a tool to quantify responsibility for PM 2.5 pollution, highlighting the impact of cross-state pollution on public health. The research highlights inequality in pollution across US states, with some facing disproportionate health risks and responsibilities.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame investigated how brain networks are organized and work together to form a unified system. They found evidence for system-wide coordination in the brain that is both robust and adaptable, suggesting that intelligence reflects how brain networks are coordinated and dynamically reconfigured.
A new study reveals Nepal's community forestry program has widened the gap between rural poverty and social elite, leaving marginalized populations behind. Researchers suggest stricter monitoring and targeted payment schemes to reform the program and promote equity.
Researchers are studying microchimeric cells that can play complex roles in a person's body, including healing wounds and regulating the immune system. However, more research is needed to understand their role in health outcomes, particularly pregnancy complications and autoimmune diseases.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame suggests that new CEOs should balance swift strategic action with caution to avoid analyst scrutiny. Analysts generally prefer a moderate pace, with longer delays seen as a risk, especially in turbulent situations.
Research led by University of Notre Dame biologist Jason Rohr found that chronic exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos causes fish to age faster at the cellular level, leading to accelerated aging and reduced lifespan. The study suggests that low-level exposures can silently accumulate damage over time.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that satellite-derived forest maps often disagree, creating uncertainty for conservation, climate, and development policies. The discrepancies can be as high as a factor of 10, affecting millions of hectares and human lives.
A study published in the journal Children found that improving access to safe drinking water can reduce the odds of stunting by about 20%. The researchers analyzed data from over 3,500 children and found that clean water access had a stronger impact on child growth than sanitation.
Research from the University of Notre Dame finds that retail investors' buzz can lead to lower future returns, while institutional investors' attention acts as an early signal for higher returns. The study also reveals a bottom-up approach measuring individual stock attention works better than top-down approaches.
Researchers identified key building code features that impact hazard resilience, including prioritizing structural elements like lateral support. Smarter regulation and stronger structures can work together to create safer homes, but local expertise is crucial in places with independent-minded populations.
Undergraduates performed better in math after switching to online classes during the lockdown, thanks to interactive exercises and flexible learning. Online education worked well for reasoning-based subjects like mathematics.
A new study by University of Notre Dame researcher Helge-Johannes Marahrens shows that analyzing social media posts can help experts predict when people will move during crises. Sentiment was found to be a more reliable signal for predicting forced displacement than emotion.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame developed a modular, computational pipeline to predict pH-sensitive protein structures. The new process enables screening hundreds of proteins in a few days, which can help design treatments for diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's.
A study analyzing 86 chikungunya outbreaks identified patterns in size and severity, revealing local conditions such as housing quality and mosquito density play a significant role. The findings help predict future outbreaks, informing vaccine trial development and protecting vulnerable populations.
According to a study by Vamsi Kanuri, banks that successfully identify fraudsters see increased customer loyalty and retention. Customers who are victimized by fraud lose trust if the bank can't identify the perpetrator, leading to a 40% increase in defection compared to those who were never defrauded. However, when the real culprit is...
A new open-access database, CampaignView, has been created to understand congressional elections. The database contains the biographies of over 5,000 major-party candidates who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives between 2018 and 2022.
Researchers found that retail transaction data can significantly improve credit access for consumers without a formal credit history, increasing approval rates from 16% to 48%. This alternative approach breaks the classic catch-22 in lending by using everyday shopping habits to build credit scores.
A study published in iScience found that cells in breast tissues of women with African ancestry send cues promoting breast cancer growth. Researchers discovered that PZP cells activate epithelial cells, allowing them to invade surrounding tissue.
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that almost a third of reusable menstrual products contain PFAS, despite being marketed as eco-friendly. The presence of these toxic fluorinated compounds poses risks to both users and the environment when disposed of.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that how healthcare providers describe babies during ultrasounds impacts parent perceptions and can influence a child's future behavior. Positive descriptions are associated with fewer behavioral difficulties in toddlers, while negative descriptions lead to greater challenges.
Researchers at Notre Dame's School of Architecture and the Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society developed EcoSphere, an AI-powered platform that visualizes embodied carbon emissions. The tool helps city planners identify strategies to reduce carbon emissions through renovation and extended building life.
Researchers developed a technique to measure brain tumors' mechanical force, distinguishing between tumors that push against the brain or invade surrounding tissue. This measurement can help clinicians inform patient strategies to alleviate symptoms and predict outcomes of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
A study published in The Lancet Global Health found serious quality defects in a significant number of cancer medications from sub-Saharan Africa. Researchers evaluated 251 samples and discovered that one in six medications contained the incorrect quantity of active pharmaceutical ingredient, posing patient safety risks.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame finds that returnless returns can increase brand support by up to 25%. The strategy involves allowing customers to keep returned items and receive a refund, rather than processing returns. This approach fosters goodwill and customer loyalty.
Researchers found that partial peace agreements play an important role in building trust and strengthening relationships between negotiators. These agreements offer strategic advantages, including consolidating incremental progress, serving as metrics, testing measures, and signaling a larger commitment to the peace process.
New research from the University of Notre Dame finds that corporate boards with more women have fewer accidents and injuries on the job. Female directors can prioritize workplace safety and enhance regulatory compliance, leading to improved rule-following and protocols for safer work environments.
The new device, nicknamed ABLE, uses a natural process to condense airborne biomarkers into water droplets, allowing for accurate detection at low concentrations. This technology has immediate applications in hospitals and neonatal units, offering a less invasive alternative to blood draws.
New research challenges conventional views on the link between environment and conflict, highlighting global inequalities that disproportionately harm countries in the Global South. The study finds that ecological sustainability and peace are not positively correlated, but comprehensively sustainable peace is possible.
Researchers found that while AI models showed promise in assessing weld quality, they performed significantly better analyzing curated online images compared to actual welds. Context-specific prompts may enhance the performance of AI models in some cases.
Researchers have identified nitisinone as a medication that can suppress mosquito populations by making human blood toxic to them. The drug, used to treat rare genetic diseases, has been shown to be more effective than ivermectin in killing mosquitoes and has the potential to control malaria spread.