Scientists differentiate between human-derived and hydrological contributions to riverine nitrogen pollution, finding that about half of the increase in nitrogen loss is due to human activity. The study suggests tailored solutions for different regions, focusing on reducing fertilizer inputs and managing precipitation.
A recent study led by researchers at State University of Campinas confirms that the Bd-Brazil fungal strain originated in Brazil and spread globally through international trade. The strain has already contributed to the decline of over 500 species of anuran amphibians, including toads and frogs.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have found that a common bacterium produces reactive oxygen species that impairs wound healing. Neutralizing this process with an antioxidant enzyme restores skin cells' ability to migrate and heal, offering a potential solution to tackle antibiotic-resistant strains.
Researchers are creating a centralized database to standardize and share biomarker research in anxiety disorders, depression, and psychosis. This initiative aims to advance precision psychiatry by integrating biological, behavioral, and clinical data for more accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers discovered a crucial role of alternative RNA splicing in schizophrenia by identifying genetic variants affecting splicing and protein isoforms. The study highlights the significance of unannotated isoforms in disease pathogenesis and suggests potential avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies.
Researchers develop a roadmap for surface/engineering techniques to create ultra-sharp photodetectors with improved resolution, speed and energy efficiency. Key features include defect healing, band-gap sculpting, light-management, and mechanical bridging.
A recent study by researchers at the University of California, Davis, and Northwestern University found significant racial bias in media coverage of gun violence incidents. The study analyzed nearly 36,000 news stories and discovered that reports on incidents in predominantly white neighborhoods focused more on shooters' backgrounds an...
Even after successful surgical intervention, progressive liver fibrosis remains common in biliary atresia, with fibrotic injury evolving over time. Advanced imaging and AI-assisted histological analyses reveal that ductular reaction plays a key role in matrix remodeling and disease progression.
Researchers have discovered that actin forms wavefronts around the synapse centre, actively transporting TCR microclusters towards the cell edge. This process rescues TCRs from endocytosis and enables T cells to bind to multiple APCs in succession.
The Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles is transitioning to an open-access platform on SciOpen, providing barrier-free access to cutting-edge research. The journal aims to foster greater global collaboration and leverage modern publishing infrastructure.
A Medicaid policy promoting high nursing home staffing levels was associated with modest improvements in patient health. The study estimates that similar reform nationwide could prevent 6,142 fewer hospitalizations annually.
Pancreatic cancer cells use specific microRNA molecules to reprogram nearby immune cells called macrophages, helping tumors grow. By blocking this communication, researchers found a potential way to reverse the process and restore macrophage function to fight cancer.
Researchers developed a new approach to teach robots to learn human grasping skills, enabling adaptive and universal grasping to diverse objects. The framework captures multimodal tactile data and encodes it into high-level semantic grasping states, allowing robots to recognize general states of interaction.
Researchers at HKUST developed the world's first sub-zero Celsius elastocaloric freezing device, offering a promising solution to combat climate change. The device achieved a cold-source temperature of -12 ℃ and demonstrated its real-world freezing capability in a package testing outdoors.
The PRoRota-project aims to prevent children from dying of diarrhea in low and middle-income countries by using probiotics, improved education in hygiene, and advanced mathematical models. Researchers will conduct a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to test the effect of probiotics on vaccine immune responses.
Researchers deciphered the function of ion channel TMEM175, showing it conducts potassium ions and protons in lysosomal membranes. This discovery establishes its decisive role in maintaining optimal pH levels, facilitating degradation processes, and may lead to new treatments for Parkinson's disease.
A research team developed a zero-dimensional hybrid metal halide that exhibits reversible fluorescence switching under pressure and solvent stimulation. The material can be toggled between non-emissive and highly emissive states, paving the way for multifunctional optical applications.
Cells use two distinct strategies to precisely control inflammatory genes, combining loose, short-lived DNA contacts and control centers in the cell nucleus. These mechanisms enable finely tuned and flexible control of individual genes, allowing for rapid and coordinated inflammatory responses.
A 2025 survey found that U.S. adults view opioid overdose as a serious problem, with differing opinions on who is responsible for reducing overdose rates. The study suggests varying preferences for future actions to address overdose among conservatives, moderates, and liberals.
The field of food and medicine homology is shifting towards a modern, precision-driven scientific discipline by 2026. This will be achieved through the establishment of a robust evidence-based system, coupled with strategic utilization of technologies like AI, multi-omics, and synthetic biology.
Researchers found that diverse plant communities emit more complex chemical signals, which can affect individual plants and the entire ecosystem. The study highlights the importance of biodiversity in maintaining natural signaling systems and supports sustainable agriculture practices to promote plant diversity.
A new coarse-grained simulation approach predicts the consistency of various antibody formulations more efficiently than traditional methods. This enables rational design of experiments and early filtering out of unpromising candidates, ultimately making subcutaneous injection easier.
The German Research Foundation (DFG) has funded a three-year project to investigate epigenetic memory in nerve cells. The goal is to understand how gene expressions are preserved via epigenetic regulation, which plays a key role in learning ability, memory function, and healthy brain development.
Melatonin's short-term effectiveness is well-documented for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, but its long-term safety and efficacy remain uncertain. In contrast, evidence for typically developing children is sparse, highlighting the need for better regulation and stronger guidance on melatonin use.
A new study using fossil coccoliths suggests the North Atlantic was 9 degrees Celsius cooler than previously thought during the Miocene epoch. This finding challenges the extreme high-latitude warmth paradigm and aligns with existing climate models for this period.
A study in the Indochina Peninsula analyzed bat viromes from 197 bats across 16 species, identifying 137 viral strains, including a PEDV-related virus in Cambodian bats. The findings highlight critical surveillance gaps and emphasize the need for enhanced cross-border initiatives to prevent zoonotic outbreaks.
Researchers have discovered the ExHOS nanomachine, which controls constitutive exocytosis by delivering spherical molecular packages to the cell surface. This process is essential for preserving cell fitness and vital functions such as communication and growth.
The 27th SBSTTA-27 meeting emphasized the crucial role of scientists and knowledge holders in the UN CBD process. A side event explored capacity-building initiatives, regional TSC centers, and the introduction of a new guide for supporting participation in UN CBD processes.
The journal will be published on SciOpen, a platform dedicated to high-quality open research dissemination. Starting Jan 1, 2026, all new submissions must be directed through the journal's submission portal.
The study reveals cerebrovascular disease as the third leading cause of death among adults in China, with a higher risk among men and those residing in northern regions. Dementia and Parkinson's disease also show high prevalence rates, while unique demographic patterns are observed for other neurological disorders.
Researchers used a mathematical framework to analyze bacterial energy investment strategies in aquatic environments, shedding light on how antimicrobial resistance genes spread. The study found that bacteria allocate limited energy resources among multiple physiological functions under environmental stress.
Researchers at The University of Hong Kong (HKU) have developed the world's first soft, 3D transistors capable of hosting living cells, revolutionizing bioelectronics. The breakthrough design uses hydrogel semiconductors and has transformative potential for healthcare, education, and daily life.
Researchers identified a distinct population of activated CD38+ HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells that expands in patients at risk for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Tracking this subset can predict disease onset and guide treatment, with targeted therapy offering a promising avenue for precise intervention.
Researchers developed an energy learning hyper-heuristic algorithm to tackle complex task assignment challenges in heterogeneous UAVs. The algorithm outperforms traditional methods in convergence speed and solution quality, enabling efficient completion of tasks while avoiding obstacles.
Researchers at HKUST developed a robust coating layer that significantly enhances the durability of perovskite solar cells, retaining over 95% of their initial efficiency after 1,100 hours of continuous operation. The 'molecular velcro' interface strategy delivers high-efficiency and low-cost solar technology.
The University of Hong Kong has secured over $26.5 million in funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Research Grants Council for 16 research projects. HKU ranks first among UGC-funded universities in terms of funded projects and total funding received.
Research finds age-related DNA methylation alterations in sperm may contribute to autism risk in offspring. Advanced paternal age is associated with specific changes in sperm DNA, influencing early development in children.
The University of Hong Kong has received significant funding under the Research Grants Council schemes, with 12 projects receiving over HK$72 million. The funding supports cross-disciplinary research endeavours in fields such as Engineering, Medicine, and Science.
UVA experts Bruce Greyson and Marieta Pehlivanova argue that the NEPTUNE model leaves many unanswered questions about near-death experiences. Despite its sophistication, the model selectively ignores scientific evidence and fails to address key aspects of NDEs.
The HKU co-hosted Nobel Heroes Forum brought together six Nobel laureates to discuss how fundamental research drives progress in science, technology, health, and the economy. The forum highlighted the importance of basic research in addressing global challenges and fostering international collaborations.
A team of international astronomers, including HKU researchers, have uncovered evidence that some fast radio burst sources reside in binary stellar systems. They detected a distinctive signal revealing the presence of a nearby companion star orbiting an FRB source.
Researchers develop novel approach to isolate density fluctuations from signal measurements, achieving superior long-term stability. The method uses a three-dimensional atomic density model and neural networks to estimate and compensate for these disturbances in real-time.
A new dry simulator revolutionizes training for complex endoscopic cancer resection by accurately reproducing tactile sensations and simulating bleeding. The multilayered 'ESD sheet' model eliminates the need for animal tissues and reduces patient risk, standardizing high-level endoscopic training globally.
A study by HKU Geography researchers found that urban grasslands and croplands can exhibit higher surface temperatures than nearby built-up areas in arid regions. In contrast, trees are identified as 'Heatwave Heroes' due to their deeper root systems, providing cooling benefits in most cities during heatwaves.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a new reference signal technology using laser light to precisely synchronize radio telescope observation timing and phase. This allows for clearer imaging of distant black holes and reduces phase delay errors between instruments.
A two-step genome editing method integrates large human genomic fragments into mice, mimicking human regulatory landscapes. This platform enables the creation of physiologically relevant humanized models for therapeutic targets and disease research.
A recent study by researchers from Waseda University and Zhejiang University found that inward foreign direct investment has distinct nonlinear, spillover, and contingent effects on new venture creation. The study analyzed China's enterprise credit information data between 2013 and 2023 and demonstrated robust support for its hypotheses.
Researchers found that super agers have a reduced risk of harboring the APOE ε4 gene variant associated with Alzheimer's disease. They also showed a higher frequency of the protective APOE ε2 variant, suggesting a genetic advantage against AD.
Researchers have developed a breakthrough light-responsive Janus dural patch using photocurable hyaluronic acid, providing strong wet adhesion and preventing unwanted tissue adhesion. The patch seals wounds within five seconds with minimal swelling and high biocompatibility.
Studies exploring the role of histamine H3R receptor in the brain found that specific amino acid mutations can increase constitutive activity while compromising stability. The research provides a foundation for a better understanding of brain diseases and the design of safer drugs.
Scientists developed a compound that targets Liver X Receptor specifically in liver and gut to lower triglycerides. In first-in-human clinical trial, participants showed significant drops in triglycerides and remnant cholesterol after taking the drug.
A national panel of experts has issued 56 recommendations to reduce dementia risk, focusing on hearing loss, social isolation, and high blood pressure. The Nottingham Consensus provides clear, actionable guidance for policymakers to improve brain health and address health inequalities.
A large multicentre clinical trial of a brain stimulation device (TNS) for ADHD showed no significant change in symptoms. The study was conducted by King's College London and tested 150 children and adolescents, finding the device to be safe but ineffective.
Stanford researchers have discovered a way to toughen the surface of a solid electrolyte fivefold against fracturing, making it more durable for next-generation energy storage technologies. The silver coating also prevents lithium from intruding and growing destructive branches inside the electrolyte.
Researchers at University College London have uncovered a key mechanism that helps the body switch off inflammation. Tiny fat-derived molecules called epoxy-oxylipins act as natural brakes on the immune system, preventing chronic inflammation linked to arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes.
Researchers developed an innovative noninvasive technique that combines ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging to capture images of both tissue and blood vessels. The technology has the potential to address current gaps in medical imaging, providing faster and more comprehensive imaging at meaningful depths.
Decades of dredging have reduced feeding grounds for birds and made the estuary more vulnerable to sea-level rise. The report highlights the need for policymakers to use dredged sediment strategically for nature restoration and climate adaptation.
The newly inaugurated cryo plasma-FIB scanning electron microscope with nanomanipulator at Goethe University Frankfurt enables imaging of living cells and provides new insights into cellular structures. Researchers can now visualize protein structures in their natural environment or trace cellular changes in diseases.
Researchers have developed a web-based tool to identify people at risk of developing chronic kidney disease through subtle abnormalities in kidney function. The study shows that individuals with an eGFR below the 25th percentile had a markedly higher risk of developing kidney failure.
The BfR children's book aims to educate children from grade 1 upwards about the dangers of contaminated food and how to avoid cross-contamination. The book features colorful illustrations and teaches kids how to defeat 'Campys' and other bacteria and viruses.