China's experts have published a new consensus to tackle the resurgence of pertussis, driven by waning immunity and macrolide-resistant strains. The guidelines recommend a multi-faceted approach, including early identification, antimicrobial treatment, and life-course immunization strategies.
Hantavirus infections can be spread through saliva, causing early oral warning signs such as severe sore throats and swelling of the face, neck, and throat. Dental teams should be aware of the risks and take precautions, including referring patients promptly and avoiding aerosol-generating equipment.
Researchers systematically summarize how epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming interact to drive hepatocellular carcinoma. The review highlights the epigenetic-metabolism axis as a promising therapeutic target and offers new insights for treatment.
This comprehensive review synthesizes molecular mechanisms, current therapeutics, and emerging strategies in esophageal cancer. The findings highlight breakthroughs in immunotherapy and promising future directions in targeted therapies.
Researchers propose recognizing recompensation as a distinct treatment-related disease state, distinguishing stable and unstable recovery, to better capture recovery and continuing risks after cirrhosis treatment. This framework could support more consistent research, clinical assessment, and long-term surveillance for patients recover...
China's maternal disorder burden has declined significantly from 1990 to 2023, with substantial reductions in mortality and disability-adjusted life years. Despite progress, hypertensive disorders and indirect maternal deaths remain significant challenges, particularly among older pregnant women and those with chronic conditions.
Stroke-associated pneumonia remains a frequent obstacle to recovery after acute stroke, with various factors converging to shape pneumonia risk. The review highlights the importance of coordinated prevention and research priorities, including individualized treatment and emerging host-directed strategies.
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) progression is accelerated in people living with HIV due to chronic inflammation and immune activation. A new review proposes integrating CAC detection with biomarkers to identify individuals at highest risk for rapid CAC progression and future cardiovascular events.
Researchers identify key role of spatial niche in early gastric cancer initiation and progression, highlighting inflammation-associated spatial niche as fundamental regulatory unit. Targeting inflammation-associated spatial niches may enable earlier and more precise therapeutic strategies.
Researchers discovered gallic acid suppresses tumor progression by targeting the NF-κB/KLF7/L1CAM axis in prostate cancer. The study demonstrated that gallic acid significantly impaired aggressive behaviors of PC-3 and LNCaP cells without toxicity to normal cells.
A new scale for reproductive aging in Chinese women has been developed based on ultra-sensitive AMH testing. The scale provides age-specific percentiles for AMH levels in women aged 35-55, enabling earlier identification of women at risk of low ovarian reserve and better management of perimenopausal symptoms.
A new study finds that high fasting glucose has surpassed tobacco use as the leading risk factor for pancreatic cancer in the US, while China faces a dual metabolic-tobacco burden. China recorded more absolute cases, but lower age-standardized rates, with a peak burden at ages 60-74.
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is showing promising results in reducing clinical symptoms and severity of allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis. The latest advances in AIT include innovative technologies and biomarkers that predict and monitor treatment response.
A new study found that while nutritional screening and dietitian involvement have increased, early oral feeding remains low, and total parenteral nutrition use is still high in China. This suggests that continued education and guideline promotion are needed to improve patient outcomes.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases, modulating cellular senescence and immune-inflammatory responses. EVs facilitate aberrant intercellular communication, deliver pathogenic miRNAs and proteins, and promote chronic inflammation.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that approximately 40% of patients with chronic pancreatitis worldwide develop exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, a condition that can lead to malabsorption, weight loss, and deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins. Smoking emerged as a significant modifiable risk factor, emphasizing the need fo...
A phase Ib/II trial evaluated the triple combination of famitinib, dalpiciclib, and fulvestrant in HR+/HER2− breast cancer, meeting initial efficacy targets with a confirmed objective response rate of 51.9%. However, the regimen showed no superiority over standard first-line treatments and was terminated early due to safety concerns.
Recent technical and computational improvements in coronary intravascular imaging can better characterize coronary lesions and identify high-risk plaques, improving outcomes for patients with coronary artery disease. The review highlights advances in imaging platforms, hybrid imaging systems, and artificial-intelligence approaches for ...
A Chinese registry report presents real-world perioperative and survival outcomes for surgically treated pancreatic cancer patients, achieving high overall survival rates and encouraging surgical safety metrics. The study emphasizes the need for national-level benchmarks and standardized clinical protocols for pancreatic surgery in China.
A new AI tool predicts organ failure in acute pancreatitis with high accuracy, using multiphase CT imaging and outperforming standard scoring systems. The model achieves early automated prediction, with 55% of cases predicted at least 3 hours in advance.
Researchers found similar diarrhea outcomes among patients with low and normal fecal elastase levels, suggesting stool dilution is a possible cause. Fecal fat testing is recommended before enzyme therapy to confirm exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
Researchers found that post-transplant cirrhosis cases often reflected recurrence of the original disease, with lower long-term survival rates. The study highlights the need for lifelong surveillance of fibrosis progression after transplantation to improve outcomes.
Research evaluated ITGA3 expression across breast cancer subtypes and found its significance in prognosis and therapeutic relevance. High ITGA3 expression was associated with shorter recurrence-free survival and poorer clinical outcomes, making it a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Researchers propose Granzyme K as a critical pathogenic node in SLE, particularly in lupus nephritis, driving inflammation and tissue damage. GZMK activates complement, drives inflammation, and disrupts vascular integrity, making it a potential target for therapy.
A real-world observational study found no significant survival benefit from post-surgery immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. The study suggests that these patients may already derive the maximum benefit from neoadjuvant therapy alone.
A large, long-term study of 140 patients with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease found that ANA positivity is common but transient, with minimal risk of progression to lupus or other connective tissue diseases. The study's findings provide reassuring evidence that patients with KFD can be reassured of their excellent prognosis.
Immunotherapy for gynecological tumors offers durable responses and survival benefits, but complex immune evasion mechanisms and tumor microenvironment pose challenges. Current treatment options, such as ICIs and adoptive cell therapy, show promise, but precision immunotherapy is needed to improve patient outcomes.
A 2-year multicenter cohort study found that most hospitalized survivors maintained or regained cognitive function after Omicron infection, while older and reinfected patients may face progressive decline. The study identified age, infection history, and disease severity as risk factors for progressive decline.
A prospective multicenter study found the EAP regimen delivered outstanding mobilization effects, achieving 90.8% optimal mobilization in patients. The regimen showed good clinical tolerability, with most hematological toxicities well managed, and presented a practical alternative to conventional mobilization strategies.
Researchers found that dietary tryptophan supplementation can prevent sepsis by enhancing macrophage bacterial defense through GPR37 activation, which increases phagocytic ability against bacteria. IPyA, a key metabolic product, directly binds to GPR37 on macrophages, activating RAC1/CDC42 and increasing phagocytosis.
The RENI-1 study found durable and clinically meaningful outcomes for niraparib maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer patients, with median PFS reaching 36.5 months. Long-term niraparib use was feasible, particularly in patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, and did not adversely affect quality of life.
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in Cardiology Discovery shows AI-guided spatiotemporal dispersion area ablation yields an 87% pooled 12-month freedom-from-atrial-fibrillation rate for patients living with persistent atrial fibrillation. The technique aims to standardize substrate identification while preserving patient-...
The study found that Ct-HBx upregulates PAI-1 by opening chromatin and trans-activating its expression, increasing hepatocellular carcinoma risk and prognosis. PAI-1 levels and genetic polymorphisms serve as biomarkers for predicting HCC risk and postoperative prognosis.
A new blood test detects Alzheimer's disease using plasma amyloid-β seeding activity, achieving a diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90% in the validation cohort. The test uses real-time ultrasonic protein misfolding cyclic amplification technology, marking a critical transition in AD diagnosis.
A narrative review identifies five unique clinical phenotypes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, guiding tailored patient care. The review highlights the importance of matching therapy to patient clinical profile for improved outcomes.
A single-arm observational study found dapagliflozin improves left ventricular ejection fraction by 19% in non-diabetic Egyptian heart failure patients. The study demonstrated significant echocardiographic improvements and a low rate of mild short-term adverse events.
Approximately 1 in 9 individuals in China will develop a digestive system cancer in their lifetime, with a staggering 1 in 12 succumbing to these diseases. The study reveals a profound 'risk transition' with colorectal cancer presenting the highest lifetime incidence risk.
This review explores the impact of tryptophan metabolism on female reproductive health, including ovarian function, fertility, and maternal-fetal health. It highlights the therapeutic potential of tryptophan metabolism in treating ovarian diseases and proposes dietary supplementation, modulation of the gut microbiota, and melatonin ant...
Researchers found that alveolar type 2 cells mount slower interferon-driven antiviral defenses than type 1 cells, enabling higher viral replication in the alveoli. This study provides new insights into the primary site of influenza virus damage and opens up potential targets for antiviral therapy.
A large-scale study in China found the prevalence of PCOS among pregnant women increased from 0.79 to 19.0 per 10,000 between 2012 and 2021, with significantly higher risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Women with PCOS had increased risks of diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, and cesarean delivery, as well as fetal risk...
A new clinical framework reorients coronary disease management toward early detection and stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. The framework proposes a risk-stratified screening pathway for adults aged 40 or older with at least one traditional cardiac risk factor.
A new review in Cardiology Discovery provides a structured clinical framework to identify and manage residual cardiovascular risks for patients surviving acute coronary syndrome. The framework groups risks into four categories and summarizes therapeutic options, emphasizing personalized risk re-evaluation for individual patients.
A comprehensive review highlights recent progress and emerging therapies for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including cardiac myosin inhibitors, interventional techniques, and gene-based approaches. The treatment options now offer expanded pathways for both obstructive and non-obstructive patient subgroups, but limitations and uncertaint...
A narrative perspective calls for multidimensional patient assessment beyond risk scores to address care disparities in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Younger patients with ongoing ischemia may benefit from early angiography despite moderate risk scores.
Researchers review glioma microenvironment and related therapeutic strategies, highlighting the need to disrupt neuron-tumor communication and reprogram the immune landscape. This review provides a conceptual framework for next-generation therapies and marks a fundamental shift in glioma therapeutics.
The global burden of chronic kidney disease in women has grown, with 359 million cases in 2021, driving increasing mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years. Postmenopausal women and women of reproductive age are particularly vulnerable to metabolic and behavioral drivers that can be modified to reduce risk.
Researchers reviewed the impact of circadian disruptions on muscle health, finding that imbalances in protein synthesis, mitochondrial function, and inflammation accelerate muscle deterioration. Circadian-aligned lifestyle interventions and pharmacological therapies, such as REV-ERBα agonists, hold promise for mitigating the effects of...
Researchers discovered a unique macrophage subset in pneumocystis pneumonia, which exhibited strong anti-inflammatory features and activated pro-proliferative pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of the MAPK pathway reversed this expansion, reducing immune suppression and paving the way for novel treatments.
The study found that epilepsy-associated disability-adjusted life years were concentrated in low- and lower-middle-income countries, with significant regional inequality. Progress has been made in China, including declining mortality rates, but challenges persist, particularly in rural areas where treatment gaps reach 60%–90%.
The study identified RTN4IP1 as a factor associated with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer, promoting metastasis through NAD⁺ depletion and disrupting glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. RTN4IP1 interacts with AK4 to cause this metabolic disruption.