Researchers found that rare C-to-G mutations occurred at an unexpectedly high frequency during the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, contributing to its increased transmissibility. The study analyzed publicly available genome sequences and found that the delta lineage contained two C-to-G transversions in its spike protein.
University of Queensland scientists created a benchmarking dataset, PlantMicro, to guide AI platforms towards accurate analysis of plant microscopy. The dataset confirms VLMs struggle with plant host and disease identification, with average accuracies of about 30%.
Researchers at Tohoku University's AIMR developed carbon-supported blue-pigment catalysts for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, achieving high power density without platinum. The team optimized the pigments' molecular structures to strengthen the interaction at the active site, translating to real gains in fuel cell performance.
By manipulating the twist angle, researchers can regulate exciton binding energy and bandgap renormalization in bilayer WS2. The study reveals a 265–336 meV tunable exciton binding energy and more than 100 meV variation in bandgap renormalization near the Mott transition.
A study by researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that moles' internal bone structure analysis revealed a more important role for the clavicle in load transmission, with the scapula playing a lesser role. This adaptation allowed moles to efficiently support their body weight and dig in their unique posture.
A new study by Columbia University researchers found elevated levels of toxic metals in Maui adults' urine months after 2023 wildfires, associated with reduced lung function. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, and antimony were found to contribute most strongly to these associations.
Researchers developed a continuum model to describe the terahertz dielectric response of glasses, revealing the role of transverse shear dynamics in absorption. The model accurately reproduced experimentally measured data, providing a new framework for designing glass materials with low permittivity and low dielectric loss.
Caffeine enhances sprint power output and reduces muscle pain, with effects lasting at least 3.5 hours. The study found that pre-exercise caffeine improves repeated sprint performance by altering physiological and perceptual responses.
The new technique overcomes hardware barriers to provide highly accessible and affordable 4D imaging for diagnosing and monitoring complex eye diseases like glaucoma. It captures true 3D and 4D volumetric data, overcoming limitations of conventional 2D imaging.
Researchers develop a new method to create lightweight and efficient electromagnetic wave absorbers using flash Joule heating. This technique, which delivers high power electrical pulses to precursor materials, generates non-equilibrium states that can't be achieved through conventional synthesis.
A research team at Tsinghua University has developed DNA-based nanocarriers with multivalent TPE units for stable NIR-II imaging. The 7-TPE-DNA nanoprobe retains high fluorescence under denaturing conditions, offering improved vascular imaging in living mice.
A team of scientists fabricated 3D biomimetic scaffolds with improved mechanical properties using a femtosecond laser dual-wavelength dual-pulse approach. The dual-pulse strategy achieved a homogeneous, bubble-free structure with clear interlayer bonding, exhibiting a Young's modulus of 148 kPa.
Researchers found nematomorphs manipulate nocturnal host behavior at night, but not in alignment with lunar cycles. The parasites' manipulation strategies may include altered geotaxis or increased locomotor activity, which can lure hosts into water without relying on light conditions.
A new synthesis method bypasses the rocksalt intermediate, yielding high-performance LiNiO2 cathodes with improved cycling stability. The method involves a two-step process at relatively low temperatures, enhancing reversible capacity and structural stability.
Researchers have discovered that acid treatment can turn atomic-scale flaws into a tunable knob for optoelectronic performance, but this comes at the cost of electrical degradation. The study highlights the importance of understanding the underlying chemistry and mechanisms behind acid-induced effects.
Researchers systematically summarize MOF advances from nanoscale design to energy applications, covering electrochemical energy storage, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis. MOFs exhibit exceptional properties for energy conversion and storage, but face challenges in large-scale commercialization.
Researchers developed a triboelectric sensor inspired by octopus suckers, allowing for non-destructive harvesting and in-field quality grading of fresh fruits. The sensor measures gripping force, fruit firmness, and weight, streamlining the supply chain and reducing waste.
A research team developed an EC-based electrolyte with high-voltage stability, mitigating the unstable LNMO/electrolyte interface and achieving long-term cyclability of LNMO batteries. They also found a unique surface restructuring process, minimizing the dissolution of nickel and manganese from LNMO.
Climate change alters role of sediments in PAH pollution, with stored pollutants re-entering water when conditions change. Sediments act as a sink for 13 of 16 PAHs in Yangtze and Huanghe watersheds, but a net source in St. Lawrence system.
Researchers developed a novel nanovesicle platform to enhance NK cell-mediated tumor immunity against gastric cancer. The study showed that engineered nanovesicles effectively promoted interactions between NK cells and HER2-positive gastric cancer cells, resulting in enhanced tumor accumulation and inhibition of tumor growth.
A study in pediatric critical care found adopting permissive blood pressure targets resulted in no significant difference in mortality and duration of invasive ventilation at 30 days compared to usual care. The study suggests that a more permissive approach to blood pressure management may be safe for pediatric patients in critical care.
Researchers found a 70% lower risk of dementia among older individuals with a particular genetic profile who took aspirin, compared to those on placebo. However, aspirin also increased the risk of serious bleeding in this group.
Research reveals that particle shape and rotation angle determine optical torques and forces, especially in paraxial optical systems. The study discovers rotational freezing accompanied by stable lateral drift, a phenomenon influenced by geometric asymmetry and particle dimensions.
Researchers develop metasurface optical differentiator that performs spin-multiplexed differentiation and high-resolution imaging simultaneously. The device enables fast, parallel processing of optical information for real-time biological imaging, material inspection, and machine vision applications.
Researchers used machine learning to map biomass variations of Chinese milk vetch in southern China, identifying key climate and geography factors that impact its growth. The study found nonlinear climate thresholds, with optimal biomass accumulation between 533-877 mm rainfall and 10.7-13.7°C temperatures.
The UCLA Tarjan Center is launching a three-year initiative to expand employment opportunities for Californians with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The program aims to improve employment pathways, workforce training, leadership development and access to disability resources. Through three complementary programs, participa...
Flinders University researchers found that perceptions of online activists' motives can impact collective action effectiveness. Bystanders are less likely to participate when they perceive activists as insincere, indicating autonomous motivation is key to movement success.
The South Asian summer monsoon's impact on the Mediterranean region is expected to decline under global warming. The study found that the monsoon's heating leads to a weakening of atmospheric circulation over the Mediterranean, resulting in reduced clouds and rainfall.
A study by La Trobe University researchers found that exercise-based rehabilitation and education can reduce the chance of knee osteoarthritis following ACL reconstruction in people aged under 40, improving pain and quality of life. The intervention is safe and should be recommended to improve knee health in young people at high risk o...
Researchers successfully created circularly polarized emitters from racemic gold-silver clusters by separating them into mirror-image forms using chiral oxygen-donor ligands. The phosphate-protected enantiomer pair exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yields and luminescence dissymmetry factors.
Researchers have developed a technology that stacks semiconductor devices with different response speeds to process fast and slow signal changes together. The technology could be applied to small devices that analyze movement and physiological signals, enabling the recognition of changes in motion over time.
A national survey of Ukrainian residents found that 31.2% met criteria for PTSD or complex PTSD, with factors including being female, older age, and displacement due to the war. The study emphasizes the need for sustained mental health support in ongoing conflicts.
A pre-clinical study has identified a distinct mechanism in a mouse model that may help explain why high-salt diets can trigger fatty liver disease in people with normal body weight. The study suggests that treatments designed for obesity-associated fatty liver disease may not work as effectively in lean patients.
A regulator-mandated study found no link between semaglutide use and pancreatic cancer using nationwide registry data from Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. The study, funded by Novo, included over 97,000 semaglutide users and compared them to users of other non-incretin antidiabetic drugs.
A study of 57,611 UK Biobank participants found that fluctuations in blood pressure were associated with a higher risk of death and strokes. The study suggests that blood pressure variability could help identify high-risk patients, but more research is needed to prove its benefits.
A new AI-based tool uses speech analysis to detect type 2 diabetes in just 20 seconds, with high accuracy rates. The model performed well across different sexes and ages, but had lower performance on recordings from Black participants and those with heart disease, high blood pressure, or obesity.
A study of 2 million adults in Ontario, Canada, found that moving from a high-poverty to a lower poverty neighbourhood significantly lowers the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Individuals who moved experienced a 57% lower risk compared to those who remained in the same high-poverty area.
A seven-year study of Barred Owls in California shows a significant decline in exposure to the most lethal class of rodenticides, attributed to the state's policy restrictions. The study also detects a new contaminant, cholecalciferol, in nearly one in five owls, suggesting product substitution as older compounds become harder to access.
A new study published in Cell Reports found that the visual cortex establishes targeted, region-specific neural connections early in postnatal development, challenging the exuberant growth model. The research team mapped the connections of thousands of neurons using advanced viral and molecular tracing techniques, revealing a refined w...
Rutgers engineers have developed a smart shoe that automatically analyzes how a person walks, tracking movement and calories burned with 95.4% accuracy. The prototype powers the analysis with energy generated from the wearer's footsteps, offering a potential solution to the 'energy-intelligence bottleneck' in existing health wearables.
Researchers found implanting collagen tiles during brain surgery to deliver targeted radiation therapy improves tumor control, lowers recurrence risk, and increases overall survival. Patients treated with tile-based radiation therapy had a 1.3% rate of recurrence at the surgical site compared to 15.4% in the control group.
The Sneakers to Scrubs program, founded by Black medical students and former athletes, engages over 2,000 Black male youths through sports-centered mentorship and educational events. The program boosts participants' awareness of medical careers, connects them to mentors and role models, and drives their enrollment in established medica...
A new study from UMSOM shows that an immersive training program can improve healthcare provider confidence in using ketogenic dietary treatment plans for patients with mental health conditions. The program, which combines guided education and firsthand experience, increased confidence in explaining benefits and risks to patients.
A new study developed a nanoparticle-based compound that absorbs deadly nerve agent toxins, providing potential protective clothing for soldiers and farmers. The compound, mixed with water, deactivates toxic chemicals, limiting their impact and preventing damage.
Researchers develop standardized measures to evaluate mobile crisis programs' impact on police response, revealing higher diversion rates than previously estimated. The framework provides communities with a consistent way to measure their own programs' effectiveness.
A randomized clinical trial found that supervised physical therapy after ACL surgery yielded greater improvements in pain, function, and muscle strength compared to a self-directed exercise program. Researchers concluded that supervised exercise therapy combined with education offers meaningful short-term benefits for young adults with...
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that medetomidine withdrawal cases have quadrupled in recent years due to its increased potency in the illicit opioid supply. Patients experiencing withdrawal symptoms, including tachycardia and organ damage, require specialized treatment, including dexmedetomidine ...
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have redated a meteor impact site in Oklahoma, shifting its age from 467.5 million years ago to 370 million years ago. This discovery has significant implications for understanding ancient life and mass extinctions.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys discovered that blocking an energy transfer enzyme shifts mammalian hearts into a regenerative state, promoting regeneration and improving recovery after a heart attack. By modulating heart cell metabolism, scientists can potentially awaken the heart's dormant regenerative abilities.
A new study by an international team provides the first systematic cross-cultural comparison of children's helping behaviour. Across six cultures, children consistently helped peers, with younger children providing practical assistance and older children offering information to solve problems. Cultural differences emerged, with some gr...
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a new material that uses light to produce hydrogen from water, offering a cleaner alternative to current methods and potentially reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This breakthrough could simplify the production of fuel cells and chemicals, while also providing a more sustainable en...
California's decision to add microplastics to its Candidate Chemicals List marks a significant step towards regulating plastic pollution. The move is part of the state's decade-long regulatory approach, which has also included banning plastic microbeads in cosmetics.
A study by VCU medical students found that nearly 1 in 5 GLP-1 users spent at least 10% of their household income on the medications, while 7% of patients spent an average of 7% of their household income annually. The researchers emphasize the need for solutions to make GLP-1 medications more affordable, particularly among uninsured an...
The National Commercialization and Translation Institute (NCTI) aims to accelerate commercialization of promising technologies by studying late-stage federally funded companies. UCF Professor Ivan Garibay will lead the institute, building on existing federal research translation and commercialization programs.
A multicenter study found that fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery reduced brain metastases recurrence and improved survival rates compared to single treatment. The approach delivered higher total doses and allowed healthy tissue to recover between treatments, while tumor cells couldn't repair.
Zhen Xu, U-M Engineering professor, wins Golden Goose Award for development of histotripsy, a noninvasive cancer treatment. The technology has been used to treat over 5,000 patients worldwide and has the potential to treat various diseases, including brain diseases and cardiovascular diseases.
Ochsner Health has expanded its pediatric and women’s healthcare services at The Grove, adding eight new physicians and upgraded clinical areas to serve more families across the Capital Region. Families can now access a wider array of specialized care for both adults and pediatric patients under one roof, with expanded appointment avai...
The NRG Oncology trial found that proton therapy did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, fewer grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events were observed with proton therapy compared to photon therapy.
A University of Maryland study predicts that repealing Florida's measles vaccine mandate could spark the largest measles epidemic in the US in nearly 500 years. The study shows that even without mandate removal, Florida's vaccine-induced herd immunity threshold is below the level needed to protect against sustained transmission.
A Phase III trial found stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) improved overall survival in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) brain metastases without significant difference in neurocognitive outcomes compared to hippocampal-avoidant whole brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT).
A UH study of 1,400 Maui adults found substantially elevated concentrations of metals in urine, associated with abnormal lung function. The study revealed complex exposure pathways, including those introduced by the wildfire and existing environmental factors.
Researchers developed an experimental mRNA therapy that reduces liver injury in mice, even when given at a much later point in time than the currently available antidote. The therapy harnesses a newly identified protective mechanism that helps liver cells survive acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress.
Researchers at Ohio State University are testing psilocybin-assisted therapy to reduce depression and emotional distress in patients with advanced lung cancer. The trial aims to determine whether this approach can address the unique psychological challenges faced by lung cancer patients.
Researchers have successfully reprogrammed a tiny optical device using light, allowing for flexible and energy-efficient processing in optical computing. The device uses liquid crystals and a metasurface to control the properties of light, enabling the manipulation of optical components in real-time.
A new study reveals species-specific chemical sensitivity in mammals by integrating genetic sequence analysis, machine learning, and in vitro assays. The research identifies key ecological and ERα structural factors that dictate species-specific chemical sensitivities.
The review proposes a psycho-cardiovascular interaction network framework that links psychological and psychiatric factors with cardiovascular health and disease. It highlights six system-level mechanisms and five molecular pathways that influence the brain-heart axis.
Researchers developed a soft exosuit to assist hip extension, allowing older adults to stand up and walk more efficiently. The suit provides real-time support, enabling users to complete sit-to-stand cycles more frequently and with reduced fatigue.
This book explores the role of biosensors in modern medicine, from nanoscale design to real-world applications in cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and viral outbreaks. It provides a comprehensive roadmap for those working at the intersection of biosensing, nanotechnology, and precision medicine.
The RELATE4NATURE project aims to recognize the intrinsic and relational values of nature, supporting people, communities, and wellbeing. The project will co-develop and evaluate new socio-economic models in four areas, establishing eight local pilot alliances to test alternative valuation methods and policy innovations.
Researchers from CityUHK have developed a sequencing-free approach for spatial omics analysis, enabling routine clinical use. The method, Spectrum-FISH, preserves spatial information in freshly prepared tissue samples and offers advantages in affordability and scalability.
A new review highlights the need for integrated health systems to monitor biological, ecological, and institutional conditions to prevent global health risks. The review proposes an 'interface-resilience' model that brings together spillover pressure, microbial community stability, and governance connectivity to identify high-risk areas.
Researchers identified fundamental limits on quantum batteries' reliability, balancing power and stable energy delivery. Intermediate-range interactions charging scheme can provide a useful compromise between high power and stable operation.
Researchers have identified HERC4 as a crucial component of the TNF-induced cell death pathway, linking survival and death signalling. The protein's ubiquitination of RIPK1 initiates the formation of Complex II, triggering cell death through apoptosis or necroptosis.
Researchers developed a computer method to quantify myelin patterns in the brain, revealing signs of injury in damaged tissues. The approach uses convolutional autoencoders to compress information into numbers, producing unsupervised maps that separate tissue regions with distinct properties.
A new non-invasive technique that stimulates nerves through the ear has been shown to be safe and well-tolerated for patients with uncontrolled high blood pressure. The study found that the treatment reduced blood pressure in patients with more severe hypertension, suggesting further investigation is needed to determine its effectiveness.
A Danish research team has developed a technology that identifies and measures the concentration of pharmaceuticals in the blood in under 10 minutes, reducing critical waiting times in stroke treatment. The faster turn-around time can provide a significantly better outcome for patients.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed a tiny sensor that responds to touch in a similar way to our sensory cells. The sensor, made from a soft, silicone-like material, can convert touch into an electric potential and potentially stimulate nerves directly, allowing for prosthetic limbs with a sense of touch.
Researchers at IIT have created nanoparticles that can heat up using infrared light, release antioxidant substances, and stimulate cells when activated by ultrasound. These multifunctional nanotubes have the potential to modulate cellular activity and be used in regenerative medicine and neurostimulation.
A new study from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light reveals that physical processes in growing tumors and microbial biofilms play a crucial role in determining the optimal timing of treatment cycles. The researchers used a 'Real-To-Sim-To-Real' approach, combining microbial model systems and computer simulations, to show...
Sandia National Laboratories recognized for its desirable workplace, competitive salaries, and benefits. The lab offers flexible work arrangements, family and community activities, and health and wellness programs to support work-life balance.
When temperatures spike, coast redwoods slow their photosynthesis, chemical reaction that turns sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbon for growth. This reduces their ability to
The human microbiome may influence cancer development, treatment response, and emerging precision-oncology strategies. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in microbial communities, has been associated with several cancers, while favorable gut microbial profiles may support responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
The new company will provide integrated advisory and lifecycle support services to help healthcare organizations develop and sustain successful proton therapy programs. Penn Medicine and IBA will combine their expertise to create a unique platform for delivering exceptional care to patients and building sustainable oncology programs.
A new Bayesian model, BMRR, combines rankings from multiple sources and accounts for disagreements among rankers, incomplete lists and factors that influence rankings. The model measures uncertainty, revealing when data strongly favors one player and when two players are too close to separate.
MIT researchers developed a new technique to produce lipid nanoparticles with precise control over size and shape, accelerating the development of RNA and DNA therapeutics. The automated system can produce particles of varying sizes and shapes, enabling targeted delivery to specific organs and tissues.
Mount Sinai researchers collaborate with Johnson & Johnson to evaluate a liquid radioembolic agent for treating brain tumors. The agent combines radiation delivery and embolization to target tumors, offering a new approach for managing difficult-to-remove tumors.
A Colorado study found nearly 1 in 10 petitions for extreme risk protection orders involved service members or veterans, often involving suicide threats, violence, and mental health crises. Temporary ERPOs were granted in 47 cases, with 76.6% being extended to full 365-day orders.
A new study reveals that female Ormia ochracea flies evaluate cricket songs based on multiple temporal features, including sound pulses and pauses. The flies recognize relevant songs based on combinations of these features, rather than just pulse rate, and use this information to find a suitable host for their developing offspring.
Engineers can now design aircraft with more accurate pressure control, reducing fuel efficiency and safety risks. The new paint, which glows in proportion to air pressure, has a temperature sensitivity drop of 0.3% per degree Celsius, making it ideal for high-speed wind tunnel testing.
A recent study by Emory University researchers analyzed socio-economic data and environmental indicators in Portland, Oregon, to understand current urban patterns of privilege and disadvantage. The study found that redlining, while a significant factor, is not the only contributor to urban inequality, and that gentrification and displa...
Researchers at the University of Manchester have designed a molecule that can measure both air pressure and temperature simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate instruments. The molecule emits two distinct colors of light, one responding to pressure and the other to temperature, allowing for accurate correction of temperature ...
Keck Hospital of USC ranked No. 11 among comprehensive academic medical centers nationwide for quality and accountability, achieving exceptional performance in patient centeredness, effectiveness, and variation in care. The hospital has received Vizient's highest recognition for quality and accountability for the third consecutive year.
Researchers developed a new experimental approach using high pressurization in a wind tunnel to simulate the flow physics in the atmosphere, offering new insights into optimizing turbine alignment, blade pitch angles, and tip speed to boost power output. The study also validated a computationally lightweight model for testing different...
A new study reveals that researchers in Ukraine's war-affected regions have been relocating to other parts of the country and abroad, with some areas experiencing net losses of scholars. The findings challenge the assumption that scholars freely choose their destinations, highlighting the complex dynamics of scholarly mobility during c...
Research finds accelerated brain aging in uninjured areas after stroke can predict language severity and treatment response. Brain aging patterns measured before treatment predicted improvements in language 6 months after therapy ended in patients who completed speech therapy and brain stimulation.
Researchers have identified evidence of altermagnetism in Co₁/₄TaSe₂, a layered material with promising characteristics for spintronics and ultrafast memory devices. The discovery could enable the development of new electronic and spintronic technologies.
A new study found substantial increases in reported intentional substance exposures at US schools among elementary- and middle-school-aged children, with high school-age teens experiencing the highest rates of serious medical outcomes and hospital admissions. Pharmaceutical exposures in this age group were associated with substantially...
The study reveals that RebD and RebC are crucial in forming the R-body architecture, while RebA and RebB alone are insufficient. The findings provide valuable insights for engineering dynamic protein systems and designing stimuli-responsive protein materials.
A recent study published in Sleep Medicine found that adults with elevated risk of dementia who took at least 5,000 IU of vitamin D daily showed better cognitive function compared to those who didn't. The study also highlighted the significance of timing and the form of vitamin D supplementation.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that approximately 40% of patients with chronic pancreatitis worldwide develop exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, a condition that can lead to malabsorption, weight loss, and deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins. Smoking emerged as a significant modifiable risk factor, emphasizing the need fo...
Triboelectric fibers convert mechanical energy into electricity, offering a comfortable and self-powered solution for VR/AR interaction. The fibers can be woven into garments, act as virtual buttons, and visualize sports motions and vital signs, enhancing immersive experiences.
Researchers analyzed 30 years of zooplankton data to identify changes in the lake's ecosystem driven by climate change and invasive species. The study found a shift in dominant copepod groups, with greater abundance and diversity in cyclopoid species in 2012 compared to 2026, which was dominated by calanoid copepods.
A study reveals that the Andes did not stop the spread of Phytophthora palmivora, a cacao killer, as it travels through Colombia's three main regions. The pathogen's genetic structure and virulence show no correlation, highlighting the need for alternative screening methods.
The Tan Family Scholarship Fund at BU Medical School provides $10,000 annual scholarships to six medical students in years two, three, and four. The scholarships are based on financial need and academic standing, and will be renewed for three years.
Analysis of data between 2015 and 2021 reveals organic pollution decreased in 14 countries, while phosphate concentrations fell in 11 of 16 countries studied. However, seven countries are currently in a favorable position, while others, including Spain and Bulgaria, face critical situations.
Researchers at the UPV developed an AI model using graph neural networks to localise and quantify tissue abnormalities in atrial cardiomyopathy. The system achieved 89% accuracy in localising affected areas and 84% in determining the extent of damage.
Nikolaos P. Daskalakis, a BU professor, has been awarded the XXIV 'Vexillum G. Sciacca' International Award for Medical Research for his work on neuropsychiatric disorders. His laboratory focuses on identifying novel mechanisms and therapeutic targets for stress-related mental health conditions.
Researchers developed Metax, a computational tool that accurately identifies and estimates the abundance of microorganisms in complex samples. This improves taxonomic profiling, helping to uncover microbial patterns linked to health and disease.
The Lawrence & Wishart journals portfolio, including New Formations, Soundings, Anarchist Studies, Twentieth Century Communism, and FORUM, will be published by Sage starting in 2027. The journals will continue to publish research and writing on politics, culture, education, and social change, with a focus on critical scholarship an...
Researchers at the University of Missouri have discovered that bullfrogs can generate ketone bodies in their brains, allowing them to continue critical neural functions even when glucose levels are low. This finding could have implications for understanding human brain health and potentially treating neurological disorders.
A new study by the University of Kansas found that popular online educational resources, such as OERs and PBS, present imperialism in a positive light, often using a
Dr. Chris Morrison's research aims to understand how the brain detects changes in protein intake and adapts to dietary protein restriction. The study will focus on a specific population of neurons in the hindbrain that respond to FGF21, a hormone produced by the liver in response to protein restriction.
The portal will support 35-40 university programs and centers nationwide, serving over 50 entities and facilitating connections between researchers, industry partners, and government representatives. NJIT's Center for Translational Research has already supported four startups and over 45 funded projects, including OppyAI and PFASolve.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that people who rely on social media for investment advice feel more confident in their knowledge but struggle to answer basic questions. Traditional media sources, on the other hand, are linked to higher actual knowledge and confidence.
A new study analyzing 43,000 English-language newspaper articles reveals a highly stratified AI narrative, with the US and Europe dominating authority and China appearing as a rival. The research highlights an unequal distribution of narrative authority, with some actors positioned as legitimate authors and others as recipients or obje...
University of Houston researcher Mingfu Wu has received a $3.1 million NIH grant to investigate left ventricular noncompaction, a serious heart condition that can lead to heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. The study aims to uncover a common mechanism behind different genetic causes of LVNC and potentially identify new targets fo...
A new study suggests that Enceladus's icy vents may concentrate organic molecules and molecular biosignatures into individual grains, making them easier to detect. Researchers propose that the process could aid in the search for life on the moon.
A new study analyzed 500 spear points to understand how early humans in the Tennessee River Valley region adapted to unfamiliar environments, using resharpening techniques to manage resources. The research found that the Clovis groups were more likely to resharpen spearheads, indicating a concern for resource management, while the Cumb...
A new study found that couples who receive emotional support from their partners experience reduced stress spillover from financial worries. Emotional support was a key factor in managing financial stress, while problem-solving alone was less effective. The study suggests that a supportive partner can act as a buffer against financial ...
A study by the University of Bonn shows that Bolsonaro's statements opposing forest conservation accelerated deforestation, with up to 1,700 square kilometers of forest destroyed due to the power of words. The researchers found that the effect was strongest in areas with high agricultural returns and restricted nature conservation policy.
A University of Michigan study found that nearly every incarcerated male youth experienced prior physical abuse, with 70% exposed to sexual abuse. The study also revealed that 85% of teenagers had a learning disability, a mental health condition, or both.
A large Medicare analysis found that depression is associated with higher cancer mortality, while psychotherapy soon after diagnosis reduces cancer risk. Patients with depression had a 21% lower risk of cancer-specific mortality after receiving psychotherapy within four weeks of their diagnosis.
A new study finds that exposure to birdsong soundscapes or forest landscapes reduces physiological stress, with independent physical health benefits. Spending time in the forest landscape reduces heart rate, while listening to birdsong increases heart rate variability, indicating reduced stress.
Researchers found face-centered cubic γ-Fe in lunar soil samples, which can preserve magnetic information from different stages of lunar impacts. The discovery expands our understanding of ancient lunar magnetism and may provide new insights into the Moon's evolution.
Research reveals that nearly half of childhood cancer survivors experience symptoms of anxiety or depression as adults. The study found that cognitive functioning, psychological symptoms, and fatigue were significantly affected, with 28% reporting difficulties with cognitive functions.
An international review found a link between insomnia and a higher risk of stroke, with a 26% increased risk, as well as hospital admissions. Insomnia was also associated with dementia, depression, and suicidal behaviour, but the results were not consistent across all endpoints.
Researchers have identified a transient phase during which metastatic seeds are particularly vulnerable to elimination using three drugs, two of which are already approved. This discovery opens a potential route to stopping the disease before it becomes clinically apparent, paving the way towards prevention and potentially preventing r...
Adults with hard-to-treat epilepsy who used cannabis most days had more seizures and became resistant to antiseizure medications compared to nonusers. The study suggests cannabis use is associated with more severe epilepsy, but cannot establish causation.
The book examines how emerging technologies are reshaping the workplace, supporting human-centric workplaces and sustainable business practices. It explores unified communication technologies, artificial intelligence, and other digital technologies in business transformation and sustainable development.
The book explores eutectic mixtures as a strategy to improve API solubility and bioavailability. It covers fundamental science, preparation methods, characterization techniques, and applications in drug delivery.
A prospective study found that stereotactic radiosurgical capsulotomy significantly reduced symptoms of major depression and thoughts of suicide among patients with severe, treatment-resistant psychiatric illness. Benefits were largely sustained over a median follow-up of more than three years.
A Phase III trial found that delivering focused radiation therapy over three to five sessions after surgery for a large brain metastasis reduced cancer recurrence at the surgical site. Fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery also showed a trend in controlling brain metastases that had not been removed surgically. Median overall survival...
Researchers at the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) have successfully mapped the earliest glow of hydrogen gas from deep in the universe's past using only its own data. This breakthrough enables a faster, less expensive method for studying dark energy, a mysterious force driving the universe's expansion.
Neuroscientists at Northwestern University discovered that response speed on exhalation is faster than on inhalation by 41 milliseconds. This study is the first to measure response speed during all phases of respiration, including pauses between breaths.
In a mouse study, researchers found that blocking the immune response to tau protein can prevent brain cell death in Alzheimer's disease. By injecting an antibody that blocks CXCR3, they reduced T cell infiltration into the brain, preserving more brain tissue and reducing nerve cell damage. This approach offers a new strategy for treat...
A phase 3 trial found that delivering focused radiation therapy over three to five sessions after surgery for a large brain metastasis reduced cancer recurrence and improved survival. Patients who received multi-session treatment lived nine months longer than those treated in a single session without significantly increasing side effects.
A randomized phase 2 trial found that five treatments of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) better preserved physical function and reduced fatigue compared to 28 treatments of conventional radiation therapy with chemotherapy. Rates of cancer remaining in lymph nodes did not differ significantly between the groups.
Researchers identified BRSK1 gene variants as a diagnosis for a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by developmental delays, neurological symptoms, and variable expressivity. Fruit fly studies connected the gene to the human condition, revealing essential role for BRSK1 in normal nervous system function.
Patients with small cell lung cancer and brain metastases lived 17.4 months with radiosurgery, compared to 8.6 months with whole brain treatment. Radiosurgery was associated with a 40% lower risk of death. The study challenges the long-standing reliance on whole brain treatment for SCLC brain metastases.
A randomized trial found that five-treatment stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) provided excellent long-term cancer control and better urinary continence and sexual function compared to surgery. SBRT offered clear advantages for urinary continence and sexual function, with 91% of patients remaining free from biochemical or clin...
Scientists discovered that a temporary change in gene regulation can be inherited for at least 15 generations in C. elegans without altering the DNA sequence. This epigenetic inheritance occurs through a succession of mechanisms, allowing organisms to respond to changing environmental conditions.
A phase Ib/II trial evaluated the triple combination of famitinib, dalpiciclib, and fulvestrant in HR+/HER2− breast cancer, meeting initial efficacy targets with a confirmed objective response rate of 51.9%. However, the regimen showed no superiority over standard first-line treatments and was terminated early due to safety concerns.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi found that a cancer-causing gene can trigger different responses in cells, with some helping to prevent tumors while others may contribute to their development. The study identified different types of cellular senescence, which can be targeted with senolytic drugs to eliminate cancer-causing cells.
The UVA Weber Symposium will discuss the latest research and advancements in metastasis, a complex area of cancer research and care. The event will bring together top scientists and physicians to present findings on cancer metastasis, genetics, and treatment considerations.
Dr. Pradeep Natarajan's innovative research has transformed the understanding and prevention of cardiovascular disease by identifying genetic mechanisms and developing polygenic risk prediction tools. His work has also accelerated the development of novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.
A community-based approach to vaccinating dogs against rabies significantly increased vaccination coverage and reduced costs compared to traditional annual campaigns, maintaining herd immunity and protecting children from deadly infections. The study, led by WSU, suggests a cost-effective solution to prevent human infections.
Researchers found that a mutation in the OCA2 gene caused changes in pigment cells, eye formation, and dozens of other genes in zebrafish embryos. The study suggests OCA2 may play a wider role in development beyond producing melanin, which could help explain vision problems and other complications associated with albinism.
Wiley has launched two new research journals, Advanced Medicine and Advanced Healthy Aging, as part of its expanding Advanced Portfolio. The new journals aim to elevate breakthrough science that impacts lives, reflecting Wiley's commitment to accelerating science that addresses humanity's most pressing challenges. Led by expert editori...
The study analyzed 450 years of herring catches in the Baltic Sea, finding that climate change, overfishing, and social change contributed to the fishery's collapse. An interdisciplinary approach reveals that considering ecological, economic, and social factors is crucial for sustainable fisheries management.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC discover stable, repeating wave patterns in hyperbolic materials, allowing for new approaches to controlling energy, information, and communication signals. The findings have parallels with ocean waves and nanophotonics, enabling the design of wave behavior rather than simply observing it.
A new study highlights the importance of combining source reduction with cleanup of legacy macroplastics to prevent microplastic accumulation. The study found that halting plastic inputs by 2050 could reduce cumulative ocean plastic by 51.4% but would still leave significant amounts of microplastics behind.
A new study found that cancer cells selectively chip away gene-rich sections of the Y chromosome, triggering ripples that regulate tumor growth. The Y chromosome erosion was found to be acquired over time, rather than inherited, and was linked to increased mortality from certain cancers.
Researchers developed a self-powered, flexible neuromorphic sensing platform that mimics human tactile perception, demonstrating hierarchical memory processes and spike-rate-dependent plasticity. The device operates entirely without an external power source, converting mechanical stimuli into electrical signals.
Scientists at Queen Mary University of London discovered a way to overcome cell's natural defences against self-amplifying mRNA vaccines, enabling the production of significantly more of their target protein. This innovation could provide longer-lasting protection at lower doses, opening new possibilities in gene therapy, cancer immuno...
Researchers at MIT have found a way to stabilize lipid nanoparticles used to deliver RNA vaccines, making them more heat-resistant. This breakthrough could allow for wider distribution and enable novel administration methods like microneedle patches.
Researchers found that AI chatbots give users a uniform range of information, similar to a conventional web search, but with a narrower scope. The study's authors warn of 'knowledge collapse' as language models become increasingly trained on AI-generated text, potentially reducing diversity and nuance.
A UBC study reveals consumers use product shelf lives as a mental shortcut to determine naturalness, leading to a preference for shorter-shelf-life foods. This phenomenon can result in unnecessary food waste, as consumers overestimate the relationship between shelf life and naturalness.
A new study in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons reveals that 15 million Americans live in a county with no general surgeon, with 951 counties having no surgeon in any of 12 surgical specialties. The study provides an interactive data visualization tool for patients, clinicians, and policymakers to access county-level data.
A polyphenol-rich extract from Cistus salviifolius has shown fungicidal activity against several dermatophytes, including Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis. The extract reduced fungal load and tissue invasion in a reconstructed human epidermis model, preserving the epidermal barrier and decreasing inflammation.
Researchers at Kyushu University have developed a novel molecule that can produce fluorescence and serve as an MRI contrast agent, addressing limitations of current imaging techniques. The molecule, a water-soluble and metal-free compound, demonstrates improved imaging depth and reduced toxicity compared to existing agents.
Researchers found that incorporating Antarctic radar observations into weather forecasting systems improves forecasts of atmospheric circulation and atmospheric rivers over the Southern Hemisphere. The study used continuous wind observations from the PANSY radar to demonstrate the value of high-frequency measurements for weather foreca...
Researchers at Graz University of Technology discovered vulnerabilities in file notification systems of various operating systems, allowing tracking of user activities, keystrokes, and password prompts. Patches have been rolled out to address some of the vulnerabilities, but users are still advised to be cautious.
A study from the University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that 11.4% of older adults who used cannabis in the past year met the criteria for cannabis use disorder (CUD). This condition is characterized by a pattern of cannabis use that causes problems or interferes with daily life. The study highlights the importance...
A new AI tool, ChromAgeNet, analyzes 3D chromatin organization in blood stem cells to identify age-related changes, which can inform rejuvenation strategies. The model outperforms previous methods, revealing subtle changes in nuclear architecture that can be used to detect age-associated states.
Researchers developed a current comparator using diamond quantum sensors to accurately evaluate both AC and DC current ratios with the same device setup. This technology eliminates the need for separate calibration systems and paves the way for standardization of current measurement in next-generation power grids.