The BESIII Collaboration has achieved the world's most precise measurement of the Lambda hyperon electric dipole moment using quantum-entangled Lambda-anti-Lambda pairs. The result improves experimental sensitivity by three orders of magnitude, providing a new way to probe charge-parity violation in particles containing strange quarks.
A multidisciplinary study in ancient Gansu found no evidence of direct population influx with western-derived agriculture, suggesting cultural diffusion through the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor. Genetic analysis also revealed complex kinship networks and burial customs, with no strict alignment between genetic ancestry and archaeologi...
Increasing temperature weakens spin-orbit coupling in topological insulators like Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, and Sb2Te3, driving a transition to normal insulating state. This phenomenon suggests that temperature could serve as a new knob for controlling materials' electronic properties.
Researchers found that cosmic star formation has declined dramatically, but neutral atomic hydrogen density has only decreased slightly. The study suggests that the decline in star formation activity is not due to the depletion of gas, but rather a decrease in the efficiency of converting gas into molecular hydrogen.
A new study reveals that a single gut bacterium, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (BP), and its metabolite 5-aminovaleric acid betaine (5-AVAB), can alleviate multiple hallmarks of aging and extend healthy lifespan in mice. This finding suggests a simple yet powerful strategy for promoting healthy aging.
A new study using clinical aging clocks reveals distinct aging transitions in men and women, with men experiencing a metabolic transition at 35-45 years and women at 55-65 years. The study also found that several metabolic factors contribute to aging and that some effects are partially reversible.
A warming tropical pool has temporarily slowed Antarctic ice loss by triggering a Rossby wave train and reorganizing moisture transport, resulting in a 695 billion-ton mass gain. This phenomenon, linked to tropical warm-pool warming, demonstrates the complex interactions between atmospheric circulation and ice sheet mass changes.
A new stepwise evaporation method called Step-Eva has been developed to reduce contact resistance in transistors. This process enables the direct in situ growth of single-crystal metal films on semiconductors, promoting atomic diffusion and facilitating lateral domain coalescence. The resulting single-crystal metal contacts exhibit low...
A new stem-insect species, Chosha praecursor, reveals that insects did not immediately become fully terrestrial after colonizing land. Instead, they retained and remodeled ancestral aquatic features and passed through a prolonged semi-aquatic, amphibious phase.
Researchers reconstructed the ancestral karyotype of the banana family, revealing a stepwise reduction in chromosome numbers from 17 to 9–11. The study also linked chromosome structural evolution to bract color differentiation, providing insights into the genetic regulation of ornamental banana coloration.
A global forest study found that trees do not substantially alter their physiological traits to cope with prolonged drought. However, maintaining physiological capacity may allow trees to maximize carbon assimilation during favorable periods, while narrowing hydraulic safety margins pose a threat.
Researchers achieved a significant advance in controlling quantum states of matter by harnessing vacuum fluctuations to enhance superconductivity. The team demonstrated a substantial increase in the superconducting critical temperature of NbSe2, with a 5.4% increase in a six-layer device.
Researchers uncover ancient energy-sensing signaling cascade in marine oysters that sheds light on human lung adenocarcinoma. The KAT2/HDACIIa–PGK–ALDO axis promotes glycolytic flux to ensure cell survival under energy stress.
A new study reveals that topography is the key factor controlling how mountain erosion responds to large earthquakes. Researchers found that differences in landscape steepness, hillslope-to-channel connectivity, and river transport capacity determine the erosion process. In steeper areas, deep-seated landslides carried material from de...
Researchers developed Film-Rupture Actuated Capillary Enrichment (FACE) to collect airborne samples, achieving detection sensitivity 100 times higher than traditional systems. The device uses surface tension and a bioinspired physical mechanism, eliminating the need for pumps or batteries.
A study maps how antibodies target a key region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, neutralizing the virus, and how emerging variants escape. Researchers identified three immune escape strategies: disruption, glycan shielding, and conformational remodeling.
Scientists have developed a new synergistic metallization strategy for TOPCon solar cells, achieving a certified power conversion efficiency of 26.31%. The approach reduces optical shading and contact resistance losses, boosting the short-circuit current density to a record high.
A new study finds that ancient trees preserve rare genetic variation that is poorly represented elsewhere. The research suggests that population history, rather than tree age, contributes to the evolutionary importance of these trees.
A 300-million-year-old event shows that volcanic activity and orbital forcing combined to trigger rapid warming. The study reveals the importance of sustained orbital forcing in triggering positive climate-carbon cycle feedbacks, leading to massive carbon release and abrupt large-scale warming.
Researchers developed a new method to improve the fabrication of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) through blade coating, enabling large-scale manufacturing of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells. The approach enhances device reproducibility and stability by suppressing SAM aggregation.
Researchers found that upper and lower surfaces of oak leaves support different microbial communities, with the upper surface hosting stress-tolerant genera and the lower surface favoring sugar-fermenting taxa and insect-associated bacteria. The two sides show striking seasonal divergence in terms of diversity and abundance.
A new study reveals that Siberian permafrost regions are emitting large amounts of methane, with emissions rising by 12.0 Tg between 2010 and 2023. The increase is driven by climate change, with western Siberia experiencing warmer conditions and eastern Siberia becoming drier, leading to an accelerating growth in methane emissions.
Researchers have improved TOPCon solar cells' power conversion efficiency using a new synergistic metallization strategy. This approach enables efficient charge extraction while preserving passivation layers, resulting in high certified PCE of 26.31% and boosted short-circuit current density.
The BESIII Collaboration identified the dominant constituent of the X(2370) as a pseudoscalar glueball with spin-parity quantum numbers of 0⁻⁺. This discovery provides decisive validation of quantum chromodynamics at low energies and represents an entirely new form of matter.
Chinese scientists have observed hafnium-153, an extremely rare isotope, using the High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF). The discovery provides critical experimental information for testing nuclear models and advancing our understanding of nuclear structure.
Scientists discovered a 100-million-year-old beetle fossil that reveals early evolution of firefly sensory and signaling systems. The fossil preserves elaborate antennae and light-emitting organs, suggesting that lampyroid beetles relied heavily on pheromonal cues for mate searching.
A new fossil species, Eoceras shaanxiense, has been discovered in the early Cambrian of South China, providing insights into the earliest known siphuncle-bearing cephalopods. The find represents an intermediate evolutionary stage between earlier species and later species with more developed buoyancy systems.
A new study reveals that lake ice loss accelerates sharply once winter temperatures cross critical thresholds, leaving mid-latitude lakes vulnerable. The researchers found that the melting process accelerates considerably faster than the freezing process as the climate warms.
Researchers found that single-atom Cu and adjacent Ti sites play distinct roles in CO2 photoreduction. Single-atom Cu sites promote CO2 adsorption and activation at adjacent Ti sites through H2O adsorption and electron injection.
A team developed a platform for on-demand design of synthetic plant immune receptors (SPIRs) that recognize proteins from diverse plant pathogens. SPIRs were designed using AI-assisted tools and optimized using a high-throughput platform, demonstrating effective resistance to certain viruses and bacteria.
Researchers discovered that CRISPR-Cas plays a broader role in bacteria, directing a network of innate immune systems. Over 20 innate defense modules are genomically embedded within type I CRISPR-Cas loci, which are kept under tight transcriptional control by small RNAs.
Researchers constructed yeast strain SYNE27α with all 300 spliceosomal introns removed, demonstrating intron non-essentiality. The strain showed slow growth but heterozygous cells grew normally, supporting recessive fitness defects.
The High Intensity Heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) in China has completed construction and achieved trial operations. The facility features a two-kilometer beamline with energies ranging from MeV/u to GeV/u, generating the world's most intense pulsed heavy-ion beams.
Researchers have produced a spatially resolved spectral-index map on event-horizon scales, determining the physical conditions of the plasma around the black hole. The study reveals a transition toward an optically thin emission regime at a distance of about 30 μas from the black hole.
Research based on China's Chang'e-6 samples reveals that Earth's magnetosphere has shaped the difference in solar wind speeds and energies striking the Moon's two hemispheres. The study found that the lunar far side underwent stronger isotopic fractionation, resulting in preferential enrichment of the heavier isotope.
A global study found that plant evolutionary history plays a stronger role in shaping nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) storage than current environmental conditions. NSC variability is organ-specific, with leaf NSCs increasing toward higher latitudes and stem and root NSCs declining.
Researchers found that colossal karst sinkholes help preserve the rare Magnolia aromatica tree while limiting gene flow and diminishing its long-term evolutionary potential. The study suggests that conservation strategies should protect both individual habitats and connections among populations.
A study by Chinese Academy of Sciences researchers identified a conserved molecular cascade that explains how drought and abscisic acid signaling trigger excessive Cd uptake in rice under water-saving regimes. The OsNAC4 transcription factor regulates grain Cd accumulation, and its functional knockout reduces Cd concentrations by 30-50...
Researchers uncover a previously unknown phase transformation mechanism in monolayer molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) that is fundamentally distinct from the conventional martensitic model. The study reveals a one-dimensional 'domino-like' chain reaction that triggers structural rearrangement and enables programmable electronic devices.
A Chinese research team found that environmental allergens activate gasdermin D through an iron-dependent mechanism, promoting IL-33 release and allergic airway inflammation. This iron-GSDMD-IL-33 axis is a potential driver of type 2 immune responses in asthma.
Researchers identified two parallel neuronal circuits regulating autophagy-lysosome pathway in C. elegans body wall muscle. The first circuit involves electrical synapses and the second originates from ASI sensory neurons, both converging on a Ca2+-calpain-lysosome signaling cascade to maintain muscle homeostasis.
Researchers created nanozyme proximity labeling (NPL) to visualize protein interactions and trafficking pathways of nanoparticles in live cells. The technique provides a high-resolution, in situ snapshot of how surface modifications influence nanoparticle destinations.
Researchers at USTC found persistent harmonic tremors within the upper 4.5 km beneath the seafloor, modulated by semidiurnal tides, indicating a cyclic sealing-pressurization-rupture-drainage mechanism. This study provides first evidence of tidally modulated tremor on an oceanic transform fault.
A new study reveals that China's environmental restoration efforts have reversed freshwater deoxygenation through effective wastewater management. By reducing organic pollution and increasing dissolved oxygen concentrations, the country has seen a dramatic reduction in hypoxic events.
Researchers have designed a material with an exceptionally broad zero-thermal-expansion temperature window, enabling stable performance in extreme temperatures. The novel crystal structure enhances flexibility and preserves negative thermal expansion at high temperatures.
The study reveals that lampreys share gene-expression patterns with mice across many regions, suggesting a well-organized brain in their common ancestor. The research also shows unique innovations in lamprey brains, such as oversized Müller cells, and highlights the evolution of specialized neurons over time.
Researchers propose that natural hallucinogens evolved to serve ecological functions such as defense, communication, and stress response. By modulating serotonin signaling pathways, these compounds can influence behavior in other species.
Researchers have developed a new three-dimensional photothermal structure that greatly improves solar evaporation efficiency, achieving a record rate of 38.14 kg m-2 h-1. The material's unique microstructure maximizes sunlight capture and reduces energy consumption by 45.7%.
A team of scientists has identified a key genetic module that coordinates chilling resilience with nitrogen use efficiency in rice. The discovery, called Chilling Phoenix, reveals how this module enhances cooling tolerance during stress and promotes nitrogen uptake during recovery.
Researchers designed Linafexor, a non-bile-acid FXR agonist with pulsatile activation, to mimic the body's natural rhythms. In preclinical models, Linafexor significantly improved markers of liver injury and inflammation, while achieving intended pulsatile exposure synchronized with bile-acid rhythms.