Researchers introduce 'infection age' as a central variable to shape individual infectivity and healthcare costs. The framework aligns epidemiological timelines with actuarial ones, enabling insurers to estimate healthcare liabilities and make informed decisions.
Researchers at Cranfield University and Inha University compared three layouts of floats in a solar array, finding that flat-bottomed barge floats offer stronger protection in shorter waves and twin-hull catamaran floats can reduce loads on anchoring lines in longer waves. A mixed layout did not consistently outperform either design.
Researchers identify five types of war brownfields with distinct recovery paths, including remnant military fortifications and radioactively contaminated sites. These landscapes require tailored approaches, taking into account security risk, environmental consequences, and heritage value.
A revised water footprint estimates water consumption in agriculture and forestry, distinguishing between blue water and green water usage. The study found that human water appropriation in south-central Chile was 2.7 times lower than conventional estimates, with forestry plantations being a major source of rainwater appropriation.
China's 70-year soil conservation journey shows that environmental recovery takes time, requiring sustained work of 10 to 20 years. The country's experience highlights the importance of integrating engineering, ecological restoration, law, and local livelihoods to address different forms of erosion.
Researchers discovered the genetic mechanism of peanut plant architecture, revealing AhPILS as a key gene controlling plant architecture in peanuts. The study found that AhPILS modulates peanut plant architecture by regulating auxin distribution, providing valuable genetic resources for breeding varieties with ideal plant architecture.
A recent study introduces AgriMamba, a text-guided multimodal analysis framework that combines plant disease images with pathological descriptions to accurately assess disease severity. The framework performs coarse-to-fine analysis, first identifying the target leaf and then localizing and quantifying lesions.
A new study found that biodegradable microplastics can alter blood cell balance and immune defense, changing as the materials age. Researchers used fish blood to investigate the effects of biodegradable plastics on blood cells, revealing potential hazards that may not be immediately apparent.
Researchers found that wheat reorganizes its physiology and gene regulation after an initial cold exposure, even after temperatures return to normal. Primed plants show improved tolerance to next chilling, retaining higher levels of key antioxidants and photosystem II performance.
The Yangtze River pilot program showed ecological gains after 3 years, with native fish species increasing and porpoise populations thriving. Restoration pathways, such as decommissioning hydropower stations, helped revive habitats and species.
A new platform, SwiVirScan, has been developed to screen many antibody responses in parallel, revealing extensive viral exposure histories in pigs. The platform uses 36,416 short protein fragments from 140 swine-associated viruses to identify patterns of viral antibodies.
A single subcutaneous injection of a live, unattenuated influenza virus provides strong neutralizing antibodies and fully protects mice against a lethal challenge. The study decouples immunogenicity from pathogenicity by confining viral replication to the injection site.
A recent study developed a multi-objective optimization model to improve healthcare resource allocation during complex health crises. The model considers healthcare worker infection risks and uncertain medical demand, enabling decision-makers to adjust deployment strategies as conditions change.
Dogs can extract directional social cues from human movement, responding more to human walkers than other dogs. The study, published in Cognitive Science Research, suggests that domestication may have shaped dogs' social perception, allowing them to recognize human direction without explicit training.
Researchers found that rutin significantly improved walking, balance-beam, and rotating-rod performance in rats exposed to acrylamide. Rutin preserved Purkinje neuron structure, boosted antioxidant capacity, and activated the PI3K/AKT molecular pathway.
Japan's unique approach to AI governance, focusing on promotion rather than regulation, has led to high adoption rates and increased use of generative AI. However, a gap remains between large and small firms in actual deployment, and self-assessed transformation maturity, highlighting the need for organizational change and coordination.
A mathematical model examines how electric vehicle commuters respond to limited parking, finding that parking permits can reduce competition and improve travel efficiency. The study suggests that tradable permits can provide equitable outcomes, while system-optimum allocation schemes can substantially improve overall efficiency.
The Alamouti-OFDM system mitigates destructive interference in multi-transmitter wireless communications by leveraging OFDM characteristics, achieving significant performance gains and reliable communication. The system outperforms traditional schemes under both aligned and misaligned conditions, making it an effective solution for rea...
A new transmission framework integrates PAPR reduction with digital post-distortion method, achieving better balance between PA efficiency and BER performance in OFDM systems. The framework developed a novel receiver-side algorithm, SDFNE, to mitigate nonlinear distortion caused by companding operations and PA nonlinearity.
A new study develops a model to compare benefit-package options under a constrained healthcare insurance budget, considering clinical efficacy and household out-of-pocket expenditure. The model, TPCPSO_BD, performs better than comparison algorithms in small, medium, and large test cases, reducing direct household expenditure by 48.97%.
A nationwide study found diamide insecticides in 47 Chinese cities, with concentrations ranging from undetectable to 119 ng/L, and a national median of 40 ng/L. The study highlights regional pollution patterns and unexpected exposure risks to human populations, particularly children.
A systematic review of B2C online order fulfillment highlights the challenges of large product assortments, multiple fulfillment locations, and tight delivery time windows. The study suggests that integrating data analytics, AI, and digital twins can improve fulfillment decisions and create a more connected system.
Researchers have discovered that precisely balancing sulfur and selenium in eco-friendly quantum dots can minimize performance-killing atomic defects, unlocking record-breaking efficiency for solar hydrogen production. The optimal sulfur-selenium ratio enables substantially increased hole concentration and carrier lifetimes, leading to...
A new model suggests that climate disinformation can weaken support for carbon taxes, leading to a
Researchers found a chimera mutant in a hybrid red swamp crayfish, showing irregular distribution of multiple genotypes within the same individual. The study provides valuable insights into the formation and maintenance of chimeras, which may also contribute to understanding biological mechanisms in organ transplantation.
This study identifies a diverse viral community in a rescued Naemorhedus griseus, including bacteriophages, plant-derived viruses, and mammalian viruses. The findings highlight the genetic diversity of Naemorhedus griseus-borne viruses and their transmission dynamics across humans, animals, and wildlife.
A new review highlights the need for integrated health systems to monitor biological, ecological, and institutional conditions to prevent global health risks. The review proposes an 'interface-resilience' model that brings together spillover pressure, microbial community stability, and governance connectivity to identify high-risk areas.
Triboelectric fibers convert mechanical energy into electricity, offering a comfortable and self-powered solution for VR/AR interaction. The fibers can be woven into garments, act as virtual buttons, and visualize sports motions and vital signs, enhancing immersive experiences.
Recent studies have made significant progress in understanding the regeneration of bone, cartilage, tendon, and oral tissues using bioactive materials. These studies have led to the development of innovative biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies that can potentially treat various diseases and injuries, including periodontitis ...
A new review in Microbiome and One Health examines China's microecology development and its contribution to the global One Health approach. The field has expanded to human health, agriculture, environmental restoration, and traditional Chinese medicine, with emerging tools like AI, multi-omics, and synthetic biology.
Hot peppers grown in biochar and animal manure-amended soil exhibit higher heavy metal concentrations, particularly Zn and Cu. Bioaccumulation factors for certain metals exceed 1, indicating potential for remediation.
A three-herb preparation restored immune function in rats exposed to simulated weightlessness and challenged with bacteria, suggesting a nutritional way to help crew health on long-duration missions. The study also highlights the potential for the formula to support individuals on the ground who experience similar immune declines.
Virtual reality may help patients with cancer experience less pain and anxiety in the short term, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The research found that VR was associated with reduced pain and anxiety in patients, with effects being more consistent among pediatric patients.
Insect-scale robots are getting a brain upgrade through embodied intelligence, promising environmental monitoring, search and rescue, and precision agriculture. The new approach focuses on seamless integration of physical form, materials, and environmental interactions to achieve adaptive behaviors.
Researchers have developed a Janus-style catalyst that turns seawater into two valuable products: hydrogen peroxide and active chlorine, simultaneously, with high production rates and Faradaic efficiencies. The catalyst achieves this by attracting chloride ions at the anode and repelling them at the cathode, enabling efficient electrol...
Researchers develop humidity-sensitive memristor that mimics brain-like synaptic functions without physical contact, enabling artificial sensory systems to perceive environmental humidity and process information simultaneously. The device demonstrates analog resistive switching with tunable resistance states under varying humidity leve...
A team of researchers developed a microwave Rayleigh scattering diagnostic system to measure electron density in microscale explosive plasma. The system provides a rapid and non-intrusive approach for time-resolved diagnostics, overcoming limitations of conventional optical diagnostics and charge-probe techniques.
Molecular perovskite energetic materials have been developed as a new platform for multicomponent energetic crystals. The A-site can accommodate different organic cations, while the B-site and X-site can be replaced by different cations and energetic anions, allowing for the construction of diverse energetic crystals through component ...
Researchers found that montmorillonite inhibits chloropyromorphite aggregation by increasing negative surface charge, while goethite promotes rapid aggregation through charge neutralisation. Divalent calcium ions accelerate CPY settling through charge screening and cation bridging.
Researchers developed a new method for creating safer plastics using porous ZIF-67 materials, which can improve polymer fire safety and reduce heat release during fires. The study found that combining ZIF-67 with different flame-retardant systems creates synergistic systems that provide improved protection.
Researchers have identified key factors contributing to dendrite formation in solid-state batteries, including low lithium self-diffusion and interfacial defects. Effective design strategies focus on managing stack pressure, controlling grain boundary chemistry, and reducing electronic conductivity to improve battery performance.
This collection features articles on AI and data-driven biomaterials, covering topics such as organoid construction, 3D bioprinting, and machine learning-based analysis. The research explores the use of AI in biomaterials development, with potential applications in regenerative medicine and disease modeling.
Soil bacteria, particularly plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, effectively degrade herbicides and petroleum hydrocarbons through rhizoremediation. This process involves the release of organic compounds from plant roots, which feed bacteria that break down pollutants.
Researchers found that the river has not settled into a stable state, with species disappearing and new ones arriving, despite 23 campaigns of monitoring
Researchers used AI to study the relationship between strain and charge mobility in molecular single crystals, revealing how stretching affects their electrical performance. The study's findings contribute to the design of robust organic crystals for wearable applications.
Marine carbohydrates have shown antiviral, anticoagulant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activity, with potential applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering. Further research is needed to establish reliable production methods and improve structural and activity-based quality control.
Researchers identified a mutant rice variety, chalk2, with increased amylose and protein content, reduced starch and lipid, and higher resistant starch content. SBEIIb enzyme plays a crucial role in regulating starch composition and resistant starch formation, leading to a chalky phenotype and reduced grain yield.
Long-term fertilization increases resource inputs, enhancing functional groups in soil food web. Organic inputs, particularly in combination with mineral fertilizers, primarily drive bottom-up regulation, promoting soil food web complexity and size.
Researchers have discovered a significant increase in blood viruses, including Anelloviridae, in gastric cancer patients, providing potential biomarkers for diagnosis. The study found that the virome is compartment-specific, with the gut virome showing increased diversity in cancer patients.
Crop-GPA 2.0 uses hierarchical genomic representations and cross-species pre-training to decode genotype-phenotype associations across crops. The framework outperformed existing methods across multiple prediction tasks and retained robust performance during cross-species transfer.