Researchers found that hepatitis B virus worsens liver inflammation, making patients more susceptible to early cancer development caused by environmental carcinogens. Limiting carcinogen exposure or reducing inflammation may mitigate this risk.
A 4-year-old intervention program has been shown to effectively treat depression in young children, with a majority of participants achieving remission. The treatment, called PCIT-ED, helps parents interact with their children differently in the emotional domain, leading to improved mental health outcomes.
A new study found that extending Medicaid coverage for 12 months after birth improved access to medical and behavioral health services. This expansion may help mitigate adverse outcomes, including chronic condition management.
The proposed scheme utilizes periodic structured light and engineered electron beams to achieve coherent inverse Compton scattering, resulting in significantly higher-intensity scattered photon beams. This technology has the potential to dramatically enhance beam intensity in the EUV and soft X-ray range.
A new study reveals that early modern humans at Blombos Cave in South Africa used ochre as a multi-use tool for stone toolmaking, showcasing advanced technical skills. The discovery challenges traditional interpretations of ochre and highlights its integral role within technological systems.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that the closures resulted in a 4% reduction in physicians per capita and declines in infant, non-infant, and total mortality rates. The Flexner Report era reforms led to significant changes in the US medical education landscape.
The study identifies the brain circuit controlling associations between stimuli and allows for indirect associations. The amygdala plays a crucial role in linking olfactory and taste stimuli.
A global effort to preserve healthy microbes is now entering an active growth phase, with a team of scientists laying out an ethical framework to ensure equitable collaboration and depositor sovereignty. The Microbiota Vault Initiative aims to safeguard microbial diversity for future generations.
A study on a 240-day closed experiment found that conflicts emerged among crew members, followed by stabilization through expert intervention. The blurring of boundaries between task-related and personal activities did not negatively impact team cohesion or performance levels.
A team of researchers at Princeton University and Harvard found that fish schools do not form diamond shapes as previously believed. Instead, they adopt a dynamic ladder pattern, allowing them to stagger in multiple planes and reduce energy expenditure.
Eliminating the fee increased overall usage by 7.8 percentage points, particularly benefiting underserved populations, including non-English speakers and those from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Despite gains, some disparities persisted, highlighting the need for additional strategies to ensure equitable access.
Researchers at Tulane University developed a handheld TB test inspired by the bombardier beetle's natural defense mechanism. The ASTRA device requires only a drop of blood and delivers same-day diagnoses without need for laboratory or trained staff, outperforming traditional tests in detection of TB with HIV co-infection.
The IPK research team has discovered a new protein, SCEP3, which plays a crucial role in the synaptonemal complex during meiosis. The study found that SCEP3 is essential for genetic recombination and influences both the distribution and number of crossovers.
Dan M. Frangopol, a pioneer in life-cycle civil engineering, has been recognized by the International Association of Structural Safety and Reliability (IASSAR) for his sustained service to the organization. He is the inaugural recipient of the Distinguished Service Award, established in 2013.
Researchers at HonorHealth Institute used non-surgical techniques to treat damaged heart valves, increasing survival rates for patients suffering from structural shock. The study found that 86% of patients survived at least 3 months and 73% survived at least 6 months.
Researchers have developed a new genetic risk score to identify type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Chinese populations. The test was tested on over 5,000 patients and showed improved accuracy in diagnosis, particularly for those with high family risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
The journal has achieved a Scopus CiteScore of 5.5 and ranks in Q1 for both Ecology and Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics categories. Its first Journal Impact Factor at 2.5 highlights its impact and relevance to the academic community.
Insilico Medicine secured a position among the Top 100 global corporate institutions for biological sciences and natural sciences publications. The company's remarkable rise was driven by two studies published in Nature Biotechnology, highlighting the transformative potential of AI in providing solutions for unmet medical needs.
Researchers developed patient-specific Cancer Chips to model esophageal tumor microenvironments, enabling accurate prediction of chemotherapy responses. The approach can rapidly stratify patients into responders and non-responders, paving the way for personalized medicine.
Astronomers have identified thin and thick disks in distant galaxies using JWST images, revealing a consistent trend of sequential disk formation. The study estimates the thin disk formation time for Milky Way-sized galaxies to be around 8 billion years ago.
ETH Zurich researchers develop a model of lactating breast tissue in the lab using human breast milk cells, enabling the production of functional milk components. The study aims to improve understanding of the lactation process and potentially aid breastfeeding struggles.
A groundbreaking study reveals that small zooplankton like copepods and krill enhance carbon sequestration through seasonal migrations. These tiny creatures store around 65 million tonnes of carbon annually in the deep ocean.
Research finds that mild physical activity affects brainstem dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons, leading to improved executive function. Blink frequency increases in individuals showing cognitive benefits from exercise.
A study by NYU researchers found that deactivating multimedia content on WhatsApp reduced false rumor recall, but not belief in false news or polarization. Participants who received more political content improved their ability to identify misinformation.
Researchers developed a biodegradable polymer material for high-performance data storage that degrades within three days when immersed in water. The device showed excellent signal discrimination and durability, with applications in implantable medical devices, eco-friendly data storage, and reducing e-waste.
A team of scientists has found that the ion channel PIEZO2 is crucial for coronary vessel formation and heart development. Without PIEZO2, coronary arteries may develop improperly, leading to oxygen supply issues in the heart muscle. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects.
A CABI-led study found that smallholder farmers, particularly women, in Pakistan lack knowledge on parthenium weed management and biological control. The researchers recommend increasing women's access to information to improve their understanding of the weed and its impact on human health.
A novel codon expansion strategy enables precise incorporation of non-canonical amino acids into proteins in mammalian systems. The approach utilizes post-transcriptionally modified RNA codons within targeted transcripts to encode ncAAs, offering new opportunities for protein engineering and functional studies.
A new study by UCLA, UC Santa Cruz, and Cal State Channel Islands researchers found that Latinas earn only 47-50 cents for every dollar earned by a non-Hispanic white man in the affected counties. The research highlights educational access, wage gaps, scheduling and gender inequalities for workers.
Dr. Dae Hyun Kim, a leading expert in aging research, has joined the Lancet Commission on Frailty to develop strategies for preventing and delaying frailty globally. The commission aims to reorient frailty in clinical practice, public health, and policy.
A new computational tool called ColdBrew predicts the likelihood of water molecule positions within experimental protein structures, aiding drug discovery efforts. The tool leverages data on extensive protein water networks, providing insights into how ligands bind to proteins and potentially improving binding sites.
Researchers have identified a key protein associated with Meckel-Gruber syndrome that is cut in half to perform two separate functions, both fundamental to healthy cilia development. The findings shed new light on how cilia formation and cell signaling are finetuned by external forces.
A new study from Tulane University reveals that parts of New Orleans are sinking at an alarming rate, with some areas experiencing up to 2 inches of elevation loss annually. The findings highlight the need for ongoing monitoring and maintenance to ensure the city's flood defenses remain effective.
Researchers have determined high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the GnRHR from two species, revealing a conserved recognition of GnRH and molecular mechanisms underlying receptor activation. The study provides valuable insights for designing more robust peptide drugs.
Researchers introduced hydrogen into high-quality Ge thin films, reducing hole density by three orders of magnitude. Low-temperature annealing repaired surface defects, further improving device performance and applicability.
This study confirms Lycium barbarum contains multiple components that interact with various targets and pathways to treat liver cancer. The active ingredients have good binding ability, indicating a potential therapeutic effect.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that VIRMA regulates brain development by modulating ribosome biogenesis. VIRMA depletion impairs key steps in this process, triggering a p53-dependent stress response and disrupting global protein translation.
Chuck Carroll will discuss his weight loss success with a healthy plant-based diet, highlighting its benefits for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. The event features an all-star lineup of experts in plant-based nutrition, including Physicians Committee board members and renowned authors.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and UK identified a set of flower mixtures that attract both pollinators and delight the human eye. The study found that seed mixes containing species like yarrow, cornflower, and purple viper's bugloss establish themselves better in soil and bloom for longer.
A new study found diverse genetic patterns and treatment gaps in HER2-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Northeastern Brazil. The research highlights the importance of comprehensive molecular profiling and expanded access to targeted therapies for underrepresented populations.
Gene therapy has been shown to significantly improve blood flow in the brains of patients with sickle cell disease, decreasing the risk of stroke. The treatment has a more substantial and long-lasting protective effect than other treatments like hydroxyurea or blood transfusions.
The researchers created a novel method for using cholesteric liquid crystals in optical microcavities, enabling the formation and dynamic tuning of photonic crystals. This breakthrough research has the potential to revolutionize photonic engineering by opening up new perspectives in the manipulation of light.
A new multilingual questionnaire standardizes seizure description and classification in dogs, improving diagnostic accuracy and genetic research. The tool, developed by an international team, has shown high reliability in 90.1% of cases, with video support increasing accuracy to 96.5%.
Scientists found that blocking PTGIR could help revitalize T cells in their battle against cancer. Prostacyclin interacts with PTGIR to lead to T cell exhaustion, which can be reversed by inhibiting this interaction.
A study analyzing data from over 1.6 million children across 68 low and middle-income countries found that early-life exposure to economic shocks is linked to an increased risk of malnutrition, including undernutrition and overweight/obesity. Targeted interventions during critical periods like pregnancy and the first 1,000 days of life...
A research team at Osaka Metropolitan University has developed an AI model that can detect fatty liver disease from chest X-ray images with an accuracy rate of 0.82-0.83. This breakthrough has the potential to improve early detection and treatment of the disease, which affects one in four people worldwide.
The study proposes a product-oriented orthogonal transformation strategy to convert mixed plastics into valuable chemicals under mild and low-energy conditions. This approach successfully achieves the directional preparation of mixed plastics into various useful products.
Researchers have identified a DNA element called an 'attenuator' that tunes the duration and strength of Cdx2 gene expression in embryonic cells. This breakthrough enables precise control over gene activity in space and time, paving the way for programmable gene expression and potential therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute of Science develop innovative blood test to detect leukemia risk and diagnose age-related conditions like MDS. The test may replace invasive bone marrow sampling procedure.
The New Carbon Economy Consortium brings together experts from universities, national labs, NGOs, and industry leaders to develop a new economy that captures and stores more carbon than it emits. The consortium's vision is based on transforming carbon emissions into valuable resources, such as better chemicals and building materials.
A study analyzing 20 years of credit data finds that younger households with lower education levels are more likely to carry balances and struggle with payments. Meanwhile, those with university degrees or savings tend to stay current on their payments.
A study in mice found that pesticide exposure changes specific gut bacteria growth patterns and nutrient processing, hinting at a probiotic approach to preventing health effects. The research identified certain microbes that can degrade pesticides and may lead to therapeutic strategies.
Researchers from Nagoya University have developed a deformable mirror that changes X-ray beam size by more than 3,400 times using a single-crystal piezoelectric thin wafer of lithium niobate. This technology enhances both imaging and analysis, especially for industry applications.
Scientists have comprehensively studied the function and structure of SLC13A5 membrane transporter, revealing molecular mechanisms linked to severe epilepsy. The study analyzed nearly ten thousand genetic mutations and identified disease-causing variants, shedding new light on the mechanisms of this disease.
A recent study has revealed that the diploidization process in plants can be both episodic and gradual, depending on the type of mutation. The researchers used population genomics to uncover a nuanced picture of this process, including gene fractionation, transposable element accumulation, and homoeologous expression bias.
A study by the Center for Redox Processes in Biomedicine presents a valuable new experimental model for investigating the interaction between the proteasome and mitochondrial function. The proteasome plays a role in protein quality control, while mitochondrial metabolism affects protein degradation efficiency.
Researchers at Caltech have created a 'smart capsule' called PillTrek that can measure various biomarkers in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, providing real-time profiling. The device is tiny, wireless, and inexpensive, and has the potential to revolutionize diagnosis and monitoring of diseases.
A device study has shown promise in treating spinal cord injuries by harnessing naturally occurring electric fields to stimulate healing. In an animal study, rats who received daily electric field treatment showed improved movement and sensation compared to those without treatment, indicating the potential for effective recovery.
A new handbook from the University of Vaasa provides a comprehensive toolkit for policymakers, energy companies, and cybersecurity professionals to improve cyber resilience. The handbook emphasizes socio-cyber-physical risk management, education, awareness, cooperation, and strategic investments to reduce threats in the energy sector.
A recent study found that blood cancer patients achieve good outcomes with a partial match drawn from the national public registry of donors when treated with cyclophosphamide. Survival rates at one year were comparable to those seen in other studies with fully matched donors.