A study from the University of Rochester Medical Center found that farm-exposed infants develop higher levels of protective antibodies and have an earlier maturation of their antibody-producing system. This early development is associated with a lower risk of developing egg allergy.
Astronomers discover galaxy Virgil with dual personality – ordinary in visible light but harboring massive black hole. JWST observations reveal hidden nature of Virgil, challenging current models of black hole formation.
A recent study proposes a model that links individual risk tolerance to environmental factors, influencing learning strategies and community resilience. The model predicts that wealthy individuals are more likely to take risks, while vulnerable communities rely on traditions to manage risk, leading to persistent cautious attitudes.
Recent research uncovers the universal role of soliton-like coherent structures in driving turbulence onset in shear flows. These structures act as the fundamental mechanism, governing laminar-to-turbulent transitions across various flow types.
Researchers at Edith Cowan University are using artificial intelligence (AI) to solve a major roadblock in solid-state battery technology. By leveraging machine learning models, they can predict how materials will behave and identify better interface designs.
Researchers developed three advanced strategies to create ordered membrane electrode assemblies for high-efficiency anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. The first strategy uses nanoimprinting, while the second employs integrated membrane electrodes. The third strategy leverages 3D interlocked interfaces, achieving exceptional pe...
Researchers at AIMR and UC Santa Barbara develop a breakthrough digital p-bit design that eliminates bulky analog components, enabling self-organizing hardware-based probabilistic computing. This advances applications in AI, logistics, scientific discovery, and future computing systems.
A recent study found that U.S. debt ceiling disputes have measurable impacts on global crude oil markets, particularly in WTI and Brent futures prices. The research employed advanced econometric approaches to capture nonlinear and asymmetric effects, revealing temporally nuanced consequences for energy prices and market stability.
Research team measures temperature, turbulence, and heat propagation with high spatial and temporal resolution. Turbulence acts as a mediator, linking distant regions and speeding up heat transfer. Heat carrying turbulence shapes the overall temperature profile of the plasma.
Researchers have created a simple and efficient system to understand norovirus gene functions, enabling the development of antivirals and vaccines. The new method involves injecting norovirus cDNA clones into zebrafish embryos to generate infectious human noroviruses.
A non-invasive method has been developed to monitor hormone levels in frogs, providing valuable insights into their wellbeing. This technology uses tiny patches that collect hormone-rich secretions from frog skin, marking a major step forward in amphibian monitoring.
A recent study found that extreme ocean temperatures triggered a rare coral disease and mass mortality on the Great Barrier Reef. The study discovered that bleaching was followed by an unprecedented outbreak of black band disease, which killed massive Goniopora corals at One Tree Reef.
Researchers at RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science have created a new superconducting thin film from iron telluride, suitable for quantum computing applications. The film's unique crystal structure, resulting from intentional misalignment of atomic layers, reduces lattice distortion and enables low-temperature superconductivity.
A genetic risk score test can predict who is at highest risk of developing type 1 diabetes and identify adults eligible for new drug teplizumab. The test identifies those in the top ten percent as eight times higher risk, enabling early intervention and treatment.
A 300-million-year-old horseshoe crab fossil reveals evidence of ancient microbial infestation, pushing back the timeline of such events by over 300 million years. The discovery sheds light on the early interactions between animals and microbes in Late Carboniferous ecosystems.
PFOS is accumulating in soils and agricultural plants across Africa at levels that may pose ecological and public health risks. The study highlights contamination hotspots in Ghana, South Africa, Kenya, and Uganda, and calls for urgent investment in monitoring, regulation, and research capacity.
A case report warns that heavy energy drink consumption may pose a serious stroke risk due to high caffeine and sugar content. The study highlights the potential cardiovascular risks associated with energy drinks and proposes increased regulation of sales and advertising campaigns to protect public health.
Violence against women and children is linked to 14 conditions and 8 negative health outcomes, resulting in significant health loss worldwide. The study estimates that nearly 30,000 women were killed by their partners in 2023 alone.
A new review highlights how complex microbial communities, including those in the human gut and environment, drive antimicrobial resistance evolution. The study identifies five pathways of horizontal gene transfer that enable bacteria to share resistance genes within communities.
Deaf women in Scotland face significant barriers to accessing support and safety due to the lack of specialist services. The Sign LOUD report calls for a national BSL Equally Safe Advisory Group to improve response and dedicated long-term funding for Deaf-friendly domestic abuse services.
The study found that escalation area care is widespread and routine, compromising patient safety and generating substandard experiences. The highest proportion of patients were treated in waiting rooms and corridors, with children and mental health patients also being cared for in these spaces.
A randomized trial found that etomidate significantly decreases the risk of dangerously low blood pressures during intubation compared to ketamine. The study suggests that clinicians should choose etomidate over ketamine for breathing tube patients.
Researchers used computer simulations to understand how protein dynamin forms small vesicles within cells. Dynamin loosens at a certain stage to generate the force needed to narrow the surrounding membrane tube, providing insights for artificial nano-device design.
Scientists at the University of East Anglia used an autonomous underwater vehicle to survey beneath the Dotson Ice Shelf, finding that the shape of the seabed is more important than current speed in influencing warm water circulation. This leads to melting at the underside of the ice shelf, contributing to sea level rise.
Researchers have developed an AI-driven method to uncover genetic interactions driving cancer progression. The approach highlights complex interplay between genes allowing malignant cells to gain momentum and reveals previously hidden cancer drivers.
A recent study published by the University of Cambridge ranks species based on their levels of exclusive mating. Humans fall between meerkats and beavers in terms of monogamy rates. The study analyzed proportions of full versus half-siblings across various mammal species, including humans. This approach provides a more direct measure o...
A team of Caltech researchers has created an icy hot plasma system, where electrons and positively charged ions coexist in a mostly neutral gas environment. The study reveals the formation of extremely fluffy ice grains that grow into fractal shapes, leading to unexpected physics.
Gerald M. Wilson, PhD, joins UMSOM as Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, bringing expertise in RNA biochemistry and cancer mechanisms. He aims to strengthen departmental capabilities and foster collaboration to advance research, education, and service.
Researchers are formulating and evaluating an intranasal oxytocin delivery system to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The project aims to enhance the efficacy and palatability of existing treatments, expanding on prior research that explored using oxytocin to treat alcoholism.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center launched its first international scientific symposium in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, exceeding expectations with distinguished audience engagement and new institutional contacts.
A new report from the University of Maryland School of Medicine presents a five-year data model demonstrating how a state-funded, multidisciplinary care approach can improve health outcomes and quality of life for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found that this model can serv...
Astronomers have detected a new gamma-ray source near Westerlund 1, a young massive star cluster in the Milky Way. The source is connected to a 'nascent outflow' of particles driven by the cluster's collective wind, creating a cavity in the interstellar medium.
A modularized pre-training framework (MPFToD) has been introduced to enhance consistency identification capability in task-oriented dialogues. By utilizing large amounts of knowledge-free dialogue data for pre-training, MPFToD improves the model's performance and provides new ideas for developing dialogue systems.
A study by Iowa State University researchers reveals that avian influenza can infect livestock and humans through their mammary glands, which have high levels of sialic acids. This increases the risk of transmission and potentially more dangerous adaptations emerging.
A new white paper by the University of Phoenix College of Doctoral Studies reveals that restoring a sense of autonomy is essential for reducing record-high burnout in the US workforce. Workers who feel in control of their careers are significantly less likely to experience burnout and report higher motivation.
Rothemund aims to harness phase transitions to improve controllability of soft robots, enabling tasks like grasping and crawling through tight spaces. The project seeks to develop new materials and a model robot arm for three-dimensional motion control.
The K-DRIFT pathfinder telescope, a compact off-axis freeform three-mirror system, has been developed to capture faint galactic structures. With its improved performance, the telescope achieves higher resolution and sharper images, paving the way for uncovering the hidden history of galaxy formation and evolution.
Large language models (LLMs) bring transformative power but also raise significant privacy concerns, according to a new study. The research team identified five key issues and proposed solutions for LLM training and invocation, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring of new research.
Researchers found that people naturally blink less when working harder to understand speech in noisy environments, suggesting a link between blinking and cognitive function. Blink patterns remained stable across different lighting conditions.
A new dual-action program combines arts sessions for people with dementia with wellbeing sessions for their carers, helping families rediscover connection and confidence. The program was co-designed with those affected by dementia and has been shown to promote social interaction and reduce isolation.
A study of over 3,500 adolescents found that social jet lag has widespread negative effects on the developing brain's structure and neural circuits. This includes weaker connections between key brain regions responsible for sensory processing, emotion regulation, and social function.
Researchers found chemical fingerprints of gigantic primordial stars in galaxy GS 3073, solving a 20-year cosmic mystery. The discovery confirms that supermassive black holes could exist less than a billion years after the Big Bang.
Most museum staff support behind-the-scenes tours to educate the public about their work and promote biodiversity. The tours can help improve teaching and public speaking skills, while also fostering a sense of reciprocity and responsibility among staff.
The UAE has launched an AI ecosystem to support climate-resilient farming in vulnerable communities worldwide. The CGIAR AI Hub and four other initiatives aim to drive digital transformation and innovation in agriculture, providing practical solutions for farmers, governments, and development actors.
Veterans and first responders face elevated risk of cancer due to occupational exposures, such as firefighting. Experts call for better access to high-quality cancer prevention, screening, and treatment, including presumptive laws and expanded support services.
Researchers are developing a first-of-its-kind mRNA vaccine against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a tick-borne viral disease. The vaccine is being designed using cutting-edge AI and computational techniques, aiming to accelerate response to future epidemics and pandemics.
A new clinical trial found that a polyphenol-rich diet reduced pro-inflammatory markers and increased beneficial bacteria in older adults. The study suggests that this dietary approach can support healthy aging and may be tailored to individual needs based on inflammatory and microbial profiles.
Research led by UMass Amherst has pinpointed suitable habitats for Myanmar's Bengal tigers, Indochinese leopards, and Mainland clouded leopards. The study suggests that many existing protected areas will continue to be critical in the future, but require additional protection and connectivity solutions to ensure the big cats' survival.
Midbrain dopamine neurons create a glycogen fuel reserve but regulate it in a way that leaves them vulnerable to glucose shortages as they age. This vulnerability may explain the deaths of these neurons in Parkinson’s disease.
The University of Oulu's 6G Flagship programme is a leading initiative in next-generation wireless communication, accelerating innovation through real-world testing. With over 240 partnerships and collaborations across the globe, the programme addresses critical challenges in spectrum management, AI-driven radio access networks, and more.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed smart headphones that use AI to detect conversation cadence and isolate participants in a noisy soundscape. The prototype was tested with 11 participants, who rated filtered audio more than twice as favorably as baseline sound.
Researchers develop a new multivariate basic function secret sharing scheme that enhances communication cost and computation efficiency using oblivious transfer. The scheme reduces key size from O(λn^2) to O(λn), enabling faster computations.
Researchers used vanadium isotopes to track the rise of oxygen in ancient seas, finding that oxygen accumulated in the oceans far earlier and more rapidly than previously thought. This finding reshapes our understanding of how the planet became habitable for complex life.
Researchers identified key building code features that impact hazard resilience, including prioritizing structural elements like lateral support. Smarter regulation and stronger structures can work together to create safer homes, but local expertise is crucial in places with independent-minded populations.
The University of Texas at Dallas has partnered with Tech Mahindra to facilitate collaboration on artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, skill development, and research. The partnership will provide opportunities for students and faculty to advance AI technologies, data science, and cybersecurity.
The UT Health San Antonio Center for Brain Health brings together expertise in dozens of disorders, emphasizing education, family support and community connection. The center is part of ongoing national research initiatives, including a study on ALS and HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.
A Rutgers Health study found that patients aware of family members' past gallbladder surgery were more likely to seek early help and less likely to undergo high-risk, emergency gallbladder removal. This knowledge helped doctors avoid misinterpreting symptoms such as chest pain and nausea, leading to earlier diagnoses and treatments.
The NRL TREx service provides secure access to government and commercial antenna networks, enabling satellites to operate more effectively by downlinking more data. This has been seen in NRL's satellite missions and now missions across the USSF can onboard to the service.
A new study from the University of Illinois finds that a 10% increase in imported plastic waste is associated with a 0.6% increase in littered plastic bottles collected from coastal areas. The researchers used citizen science data to investigate how the global plastic waste trade contributes to litter along coastlines and waterways.
Researchers discovered that infant nasal organoids divide faster and have different cell types than adult ones, making them more susceptible to RSV infection. The findings suggest that infants' bodies respond with a less coordinated defense against the virus, leading to severe airway blockages and mucus production.
Researchers from TU Delft and Radboud University discovered CuInP₂S₆ (CIPS), a two-dimensional ferroelectric material, can control the pathway and properties of blue and ultraviolet light. CIPS shows giant birefringence in the blue-UV range, making it a potential game-changer for photonics applications.
A new study published in Nature Human Behaviour found that around one third of proposed grammatical universals are consistently observed across all languages. The research team used complex statistical methods to analyze a large database of grammatical features and identified recurring patterns in language structures.
A new UK Biobank study reveals that age at diabetes diagnosis affects dementia risk, with those diagnosed after 50 years old having a lower risk. Genetic factors play a key role, with APOE ε4 carriers experiencing a significant reduction in dementia risk when diagnosed later in life.
A new study reveals that elusive species are most vulnerable to human-driven habitat change due to data gaps in global biodiversity databases. By leveraging open data and crowd-sourced observations, researchers can correct these gaps and provide more accurate biodiversity indicators.
Researchers at the University of Maryland analyzed air samples from College Park, Md., and found that chemical compounds from Canada's historic 2023 fires persisted in the atmosphere, forming an 'atmospheric soup.' The study provides insights into the long-term effects of wildfire smoke on human health and the environment.
Researchers develop a controlled method to capture CO2 from power plants using limestone and dolomite rocks, mimicking nature's slow geological process. The system captures part of the CO2, leaving room for engineering improvements towards a practical carbon capture technology.
Researchers discovered that a person's conscious perception of their energy levels plays a crucial role in regulating their mood. The study found that when glucose levels drop, people who feel hungrier experience a worse mood, highlighting the importance of interoception in emotional stability.
Heriot-Watt University has received a £2.6m European Research Council grant to advance quantum technology development. The project will focus on harnessing light's spatial and temporal properties to enhance entanglement generation, measurement, and distribution.
Researchers can explore higher-dimensional effects within real laboratory systems using synthetic dimensions. Oded Zilberberg's ERC project aims to advance this field by introducing strong many-body interactions into synthetic-dimension platforms, potentially guiding the design of novel quantum materials and devices.
Five LMU researchers have been awarded Consolidator Grants by the European Research Council to tackle various research challenges. Professor Sophia Stoecklein's project CONNECT aims to develop a functional connectivity MRI tool for cancer diagnostics, while Professor Matthias Garschagen's GOALT project focuses on establishing a theoret...
A study published in JAMA found that expectant management resulted in higher survival rates compared to active treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in extremely preterm infants. The protocol-defined study showed no significant difference in mortality or bronchopulmonary dysplasia between the two groups.
Researchers explore how European identity develops across childhood, adolescence and young adulthood, with potential positive impacts on society. The GENERATION EU project aims to build a comprehensive model for psychology and peacebuilding, generating new data and tools.
Scientists from the Institute of Physical Chemistry discovered a novel molecule, TDMQ20, which can bind to copper ions and decrease its harmful effect on neurons. The researchers found that the complex does not generate reactive oxygen species, making it a promising candidate for treating Alzheimer's disease.
UC San Diego Health has been recognized as a Best Hospital for Maternity Care by U.S. News & World Report for the fourth year in a row. The hospital provides world-class care for parents and newborns, with a focus on compassion, expertise, and dedication.
A new study suggests that prevention campaigns for cannabis-related vehicle crashes should target middle-aged and older adults, who are at risk of driving after using the drug. Adults over 50 who use cannabis daily or have mental health reasons are most likely to drive after using THC-containing products.
PRIMULA project aims to tackle microarchitectural attacks by developing new methodologies for building secure hardware-software systems. The project will advance in two key directions: establishing formal foundations and developing tools for developers.
Researchers have elucidated the molecular mechanism by which microtubules transmit signals to cells, using the signalling protein GEFH1. The C1 domain of GEFH1 binds specifically to microtubules, activating the RhoA signalling pathway and triggering cellular processes.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a small molecule that can inhibit cancer-driving protein IGF2BP3, slowing leukemia growth and triggering cancer cell death. The discovery could lead to new treatments for leukemia and other hard-to-treat cancers.
A study by Van Andel Institute scientists found that reducing calorie intake helps cancer-fighting immune cells do their jobs more effectively. The researchers discovered that a low-fat, high-protein diet given once a day promotes the formation of ketones, which act as a cellular fuel for T cells to become more effective tumor fighters.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine will expand its MD program class size from 175 to 200 students over five years. This initiative aims to address the projected nationwide shortage of physicians, with projections indicating a need for up to 84,000 additional doctors by 2036.
The scLT-kit toolkit offers automated processing and analysis of single-cell lineage tracing data. It characterizes cell dynamics and dissecting mechanisms underlying cell fate decisions. The toolkit has been applied to various real datasets to demonstrate its robustness and effectiveness in understanding biological processes.
Male bonobos focus their mating efforts on females who have reached maximum swelling and are older, indicating a higher probability of ovulation. This flexible strategy allows them to overcome the unreliable nature of female fertility signals.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics has been awarded full, four-year reaccreditation by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, reflecting its commitment to delivering evidence-based education in medical genetics and genomics. The reaccreditation marks 25 years of uninterrupted accreditation for ACMG.
A new dataset, TripletDGC, reveals the association between disease genes and diseases by characterizing specific cell types. The study highlights critical cell types linked to disease mechanisms, providing deeper insights into molecular basis of diseases.
Scientists at PSI's cleanroom used the laser to create two-dimensional continuous changes in magnetic properties in materials for various applications. The technique enables local, gradual approach to creating gradients of magnetic properties that can take on arbitrary shapes.
University of Houston engineers have discovered that melatonin helps plants grow by adjusting biological processes to coincide with daily cycles. The hormone also enhances photosynthesis and improves stress tolerance in crops.
The report identifies top-priority scientific objectives and proposes four mission campaigns to maximize the scientific return of the first three human landings on Mars. It provides a science-driven roadmap balancing scientific goals with existing NASA mission plans and technological capacity.
Research reveals that SUMOylation of key kinetochore protein αKNL2 is essential for its activity and chromosome segregation. Disrupted SUMOylation leads to growth and fertility defects.
A new study using the Harry Potter Personality Quiz found that regions with more Gryffindors and Slytherins have higher start-up activity. This suggests that rule-challenging behavior, driven by moral conviction or ambition, is closely linked to entrepreneurial action.
A global survey of over 1,800 social science researchers reveals a significant disconnect between their goals to benefit society and the incentive structures that govern their careers. The study highlights the need for universities, funders, and publishers to foster research that prioritizes societal impact.
A clinical study in Estonia found that personalized, risk-based breast cancer screening can detect the disease earlier and reduce complications. The approach is feasible and scalable, with potential to improve patient outcomes globally and reduce mortality.
Plant biologist Masatsugu Toyota receives international recognition for his discovery that plants sense danger through airborne chemicals and warn their neighbors. His work reveals advanced sensory networks rivaling animal nervous systems, challenging traditional views of passive organisms.
A new Oxford University study finds nearly 8,000 animal species could face extinction by the end of this century due to combined effects of climate-driven extreme heat and human land-use changes. The study highlights the urgency of conservation and mitigation actions globally to prevent immense losses to biodiversity.
Growth hormone directly controls behavior of stem cells in growth plate, stimulating growth but also depleting cartilage stem cells. This delicate balance is crucial for long-term bone development and may contribute to refining growth hormone treatments.
A study found that reducing body fat percentage improves long-distance running and cross-country skiing performance, but converting body fat into muscle tissue is a more effective way for female athletes to optimize their body composition. Training and dietary habits that promote muscle growth outweigh the benefits of weight loss.
A SickKids-led study reveals how bile acids can bind to block C. diff's most dangerous toxin, leading to the development of a new compound that neutralizes the toxin directly in the gut. This approach preserves gut health and targets the toxin with precision, offering hope for safer treatments.
Researchers have successfully generated and visualized helical electromagnetic pulses, a long-sought form of light that twists through space and time. The achievement overcomes significant challenges and opens up new possibilities for technologies like ultrahigh-speed communications and precision imaging.
Researchers discovered 'hot spots' around atomic defects in diamonds that briefly distort the surrounding crystal, affecting quantum-relevant defects. The findings indicate optical techniques used to control defects may unintentionally generate small pockets of heat, potentially affecting diamond-based quantum devices.
Researchers discovered that SIRT3 deficiency intensifies eustachian tube dysfunction in mice, leading to thicker mucus, weakened cilia, and impaired tube opening. SIRT3 plays a protective role in maintaining mucociliary transport capacity and pressure-regulation mechanisms.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg has found that high teenage BMI and poor physical fitness are associated with a higher risk of developing severe bacterial infections in adulthood. The study, which followed over 44,000 men for three decades, shows that even at high normal weight, individuals are already at increased risk.
The study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum (clove essential oil) and Salvadora persica (miswak) against key peri-implantitis pathogens. CEO and miswak exhibit promising activity, but a synergistic effect is not observed.
Researchers tested two popular virus-based tools to temporarily switch genes on or off in rice, but found no evidence they worked. Despite extensive optimization, the team found no changes occurred when a chlorophyll gene was silenced or a fluorescent protein was expressed.
A new study by the University of Oxford and WCS reveals that connections between coral reefs can stabilize reef health, reducing the risk of collapse. By simulating future reef conditions under different management scenarios, researchers found that a dual approach improving land and sea conditions provides the best outcomes for reefs.
University of Utah engineers developed an autonomous approach using proximity and pressure sensors, training an artificial neural network on grasping postures. Study participants demonstrated improved grip security, precision, and less mental effort when using the AI-enhanced prosthesis.
MIT researchers analyzed a recently discovered Pompeii construction site to shed new light on ancient Roman concrete, which has endured for thousands of years. They found that hot-mixing was indeed used by the Romans, contradicting ancient texts and providing valuable insights into a material with self-healing properties.
Researchers developed a novel magnetic biosensing technique using polydopamine-coated magnetoliposomes to monitor lectin-glycan binding. The technique provides insight into the dynamics of sugar-protein interactions and holds promise for medical diagnostics, glycoscience research, and drug discovery.
Researchers identify ANKLE1 as the first DNA-cutting enzyme capable of detecting and responding to physical tension in DNA. This mechanism plays a vital role in maintaining genetic integrity during cell division and preventing cancer and other diseases.
A team of researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution developed a theory for how microplastic particles accumulate in ocean eddies. They found that particles tend to accumulate in tubelike structures within circular currents, forming 'attractors' that resemble twisted, closed loops.
Rayna Dimitrova's SyReP project aims to eliminate the separation between decision-making and data in software development, enabling developers to specify system behavior and generate implementation automatically. The ERC Consolidator Grant will support her research on novel symbolic algorithms and realizability certificates.
Researchers at NUS develop dissolving microneedle patches to deliver beneficial microbes into plant tissue, accelerating early gains and using over 15% less biofertiliser. The approach points to precise fertiliser delivery, reduced waste and lower environmental impact.
A new guide published by Oxford University Press provides essential resources for parents of adolescents with autism. The book covers various challenges they face during this critical period, including social connections, puberty, and sexuality. It also offers extensive lists of resources to support these young individuals.
A new study by Prof. Anat Zohar and Dr. Yochai Z. Shavit finds that older adults learn best through active learning methods, such as connecting new ideas to existing knowledge and experiences. This approach can boost memory, emotional well-being, and a sense of purpose in later life.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded seven new biomedical research collaborations, bringing together 14 renowned scientists to tackle pressing problems in human health. These interdisciplinary projects will accelerate discoveries and advance understanding of human biology and disease.
A new multi-modal AI framework, DriveMLM, integrates perception, planning, and human instruction to produce aligned behavioral planning states for autonomous driving. It outperforms existing systems in closed-loop evaluation, demonstrating strong open-loop decision accuracy and robust performance under natural-language guidance.
A recent study by the University of Leeds found that electric vehicles (EVs) are no more dangerous to pedestrians than traditional petrol or diesel cars. The research compared pedestrian casualty rates between EVs and non-electric vehicles, finding no significant difference.
A research team developed an AI-guided framework to discover new metallic glasses by combining element embeddings learned from Wikipedia with graph neural networks. This approach overcomes challenges in predicting glass-forming systems, enabling the discovery of promising compositions with high glass-forming ability.
Dr. Eric J. Nestler's research has fundamentally reshaped global understanding of addiction and depression by focusing on resilience rather than pathology. His laboratory identified distinct molecular, cellular, and circuit changes in resilient brains that maintain normal behavioral function despite exposure to drugs or stress.
A cohort study found that older Medicare beneficiaries with common metastatic cancers had a mean of 40 to 62 health care contact days after diagnosis. Health care contact days increased from 2008 to 2019, highlighting the need for oncology teams to discuss expected burdens when developing care goals and treatment plans.
Researchers introduce a new method to measure middle ear transfer function more accurately, eliminating inner ear impedance effects and capturing complex stapes motion. This approach provides a reliable framework for future middle ear implant research and improves the understanding of human hearing mechanisms.
A new report from SEI and CEAP warns that the current SDGs systematically neglect animal welfare and health, undermining progress on human health, environmental protection, and social equity. The report identifies three pathways to integrate animal welfare into global governance.
The European Research Council has selected 349 mid-career researchers to receive €728 million in Consolidator Grants. The funding will support groundbreaking projects in various disciplines, including quantum sensing and materials science. Researchers come from 25 countries and represent 44 nationalities.
A University of Stirling-led study aims to improve care for vulvodynia patients by prioritizing patient-centered treatment and addressing knowledge gaps. The research found that education for healthcare providers, improved care pathways, and multidisciplinary support are top priorities.
The ECHOES team released an executive report on regenerative agriculture and resilient food systems during COP30, featuring case studies from the Andean, African, and Asian regions. The report showcases sustainable farming practices rooted in local Indigenous knowledge systems.
Ocean is an international, peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to advancing research in ocean science, technology, and engineering. The journal aims to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and solve pressing challenges in ocean science and technology.
A study found that certain physical activities temporarily increase the risk of low back pain flares in individuals with existing conditions. Conversely, long-term functional limitations were not associated with increased activity levels among these patients.
The study assessed deramciclane's antidepressant potential in two preclinical tests with predictive validity. Deramciclane demonstrated significant anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim test, but showed no effect in the bilateral olfactory bulbectomized rat model.
The Hevolution/AFAR New Investigator Awards in Aging Biology and Geroscience Research will support 18 junior investigators studying age-related diseases and healthspan. The awards, worth $375,000 each, are designed to advance research projects in basic biology of aging and geroscience.
A new computer model, GeoFlame VISION, uses AI and satellite imagery to produce a dynamic wildfire risk map for the entire US. The model shows that California's eastern, southwestern, and northwestern parts are at high risk due to Santa Ana winds.
Research reveals that exposure to addictive drugs like fentanyl and ketamine affects the behavior and survival rates of oyster larvae. The study found that after two weeks of exposure, survival declined in all treatments and doses, with benzoylecgonine causing the greatest reduction.
A nationwide study found that water treatment methods using chlorine as a primary disinfectant increase the risk of Legionnaires' disease. Chlorine used as a secondary disinfectant also increases disease rates, whereas monochloramine reduces the risk.
A SwRI-led study finds that quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) in solar flares are driven by dynamic oscillations in magnetic reconnection. This research could help refine traditional solar flare models, providing new insights into the mechanisms driving space weather.
Researchers at Pitt and UPMC Children's Hospital discovered a biomarker of complicated pediatric traumatic brain injury, which may serve as dynamic indicators of post-injury recovery. The study found that children with TBI had a different epigenetic profile compared to those with orthopaedic injuries.
Researchers developed a method to measure insulin function in the brain, finding patterns that can identify women at higher risk for metabolic syndrome. Childhood stress affects women's metabolic health risks differently than men, suggesting a sex-specific process.
A WSU study found that reducing activity in a neural circuit drives relapse after opioid use. The team used chemogenetics and optogenetic approaches to reduce heroin-seeking behavior, with the latter being nearly twice as effective.
A Phase III clinical trial found that over half of patients who received ianalumab for primary ITP maintained safe platelet counts without serious bleeding episodes for at least one year. The study suggests a new treatment option with the potential to improve long-term quality of life for patients.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University improved electrode performance in brain-computer interfaces by delivering anti-inflammatory drugs directly to the site of implantation using platelet-inspired nanoparticles. The breakthrough has potential applications for treating various diseases involving inflammation and vascular injury.
A new trial shows pirtobrutinib to be more effective than bendamustine plus rituximab in treating previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The drug demonstrated improved survival rates, a favorable safety profile, and lower adverse event rates compared to the standard treatment.
A new trial found that the Tec-Dara combination of teclistamab and daratumumab significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with R/R multiple myeloma, achieving an 83.4% rate compared to 29.7% for standard therapies. The treatment also showed better quality of life outcomes and was comparable in safety profile.
Researchers have successfully assembled higher-order supramolecular polymers through cooperative interactions between aryl barbiturate molecules. The study's key findings include the intentional weakening of p-conjugated core interactions to promote alkyl−alkyl interactions, resulting in unique assembly and disassembly behavior.
A study of 8,273 patients found that tranexamic acid significantly reduced the need for blood transfusions and did not increase the risk of blood clots. The medication promotes blood clotting, essential to stop bleeding during surgery, without increasing life-threatening complications.
Researchers developed an algorithm to analyze publicly available radar imagery and identify destroyed buildings in conflict zones with precision up to 86%. The method enables democratized access to conflict monitoring tools and near real-time assessment of building destruction for humanitarian response and academic research.
A modeling study reveals that increasing numbers of households with rooftop solar panels can lead to higher rates for those without their own solar system. As the cost of solar systems falls, more customers defect from the grid, leading to increased rates and a 'utility death spiral' that disproportionately affects low-income households.
A phase III trial found that adding ianalumab to standard therapy extended time to bleeding episodes and improved platelet counts in patients with ITP. The study showed a significant advantage of higher-dose ianalumab over the placebo group, but longer-term durability remains unknown.
Sofetabart mipitecan, a novel ADC targeting folate receptor alpha, shows robust clinical activity in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The GOG-3133/ FRAmework-01 phase 3 study aims to expand treatment options for recurrent ovarian cancer and address the need for more effective therapies.
Researchers analyzed 12 years of hospital website data and found pixel tracking in 66% of observations, significantly increasing breach risk. Hospitals using third-party pixels saw a 1.4 percentage point increase in breach probability compared to baseline rates.
The MUTE-Seq method detects rare cancer mutations at exceptionally low frequencies, enriching circulating tumor DNA and improving detection accuracy. It increases variant allele frequencies by tens of times, enabling detection of mutations present at 0.005% or lower.
A new study found that aerobic exercise can increase dopamine release and improve motor performance in middle-aged mice, suggesting a potential link to improved mobility and reduced symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The research team plans to repeat the study in genetically engineered mice models for neurodegenerative disorders.
A new online tool has been developed to detect drug exposure directly from patient samples, revealing a more accurate picture of what drugs are in a person's body than what is listed on their medical record. The tool uses a publicly-available library of chemical fingerprints from thousands of drugs and their breakdown products.
Researchers aim to fill a gap in understanding human-induced climate change with an ERC-funded study. Velle Toll's project will use satellite data and machine learning to analyze the effect of air pollution particles on global warming.
Hebrew University researchers Prof. Ori Katz and Prof. Devorah Manekin receive €2 million ERC Consolidator Grants for innovative projects in optical imaging and nonviolent resistance, advancing fields of biomedical imaging, remote sensing, and democracy promotion.
Scientists create a corralled supercooled liquid by controlling the number of stationary atoms within a liquid, leading to an unusual phase of matter. The discovery could revolutionize our understanding of catalysts and lead to the design of self-cleaning materials.
Researchers at OIST have discovered that certain cancers can 'lose their sense of time' to avoid cellular stress responses. The study highlights the role of USP28 in stabilizing p53, a known tumor suppressor, and how mutations in this protein can disrupt its function.
A new study reveals that elephants, giraffes, and rhinos are unable to get enough salt from their habitats, leading to sodium deficiency. The researchers found that larger-bodied species are more affected by sodium scarcity, which influences their habitat selection and behavior.
Researchers have created a method to encode binary information and transmit signals on a chip using quasiparticles called magnons. The spiral geometry of tiny, twisted magnetic tubes enables data transmission at room temperature, with no electron flow required.
Researchers found that increased activity of a specific protein in the brain can alter learning processes associated with rewards. This discovery may lead to better treatments for conditions like addiction and depression.
A new study found that the density and distribution of Earth's largest land animals are limited by sodium availability in their local flora. In many areas, wild herbivores cannot get enough salt in their diet, leading to interesting behaviors such as elephants consuming sodium-rich rocks and gorillas fighting for salty foods.
A new study developed a powerful computational method, FAME, to detect and quantify genetic interactions. The researchers found 16 instances of interactions on traits such as cholesterol and liver enzymes, which were larger than the effects identified by examining individual variants alone.
A new study from City St George's University of London found that people's newspaper reading habits are a reliable predictor of their attitudes towards autism. The research reveals that around 10% of the differences in automatic, unconscious bias were linked to what newspapers people read.
Astronomers discovered a never-seen-before blast from a supermassive black hole, whipping up powerful winds at 60,000 km per second. The event was triggered by an X-ray flare and formed in just one day, providing new insights into the magnetism of active galactic nuclei (AGNs).
A new study estimates that substance use disorders result in nearly $93 billion in lost productivity in the US, including $3,703 per adult. The analysis highlights the need for prevention and treatment strategies to reduce harm and costs beyond healthcare expenses.
A new study by Linköping University finds artificial turf pitches more environmentally sustainable than natural turf when recycled and maintained properly. However, there are reservations due to production impact and maintenance emissions that can be mitigated with electrified machinery.
The American Psychological Association's 2025 Practitioner Pulse Survey reveals that two-thirds of psychologists worry about AI's impact on patients and society. Most common uses of AI among psychologists include administrative support and task automation.