A comprehensive review outlines how ammonia disrupts biogas production and identifies practical strategies to prevent system failure. Emerging solutions include the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning into digester monitoring.
A new study found that fine rubber crumbs from recycled tires can release high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment, contaminating soil and water. The smallest particles released the most toxic chemicals, posing risks to organisms, plants, and potentially human health.
A new rapid test for hepatitis C could identify more patients who can be cured if insurers increase reimbursement to cover the test's high cost. The test's point-of-care feature makes it ideal for early screening and treatment in clinics and emergency rooms.
A new review reveals microwave-assisted pyrolysis can produce advanced carbon materials from biomass and waste in a fraction of the time, with improved performance and sustainability. This technology offers a powerful alternative for building next-generation materials needed for carbon neutrality.
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating large language models in digestive diseases found only 14 eligible studies worldwide. Most focused on gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases, with clinical decision-making and patient education being common applications. The authors emphasize the need for high-quality ...
Professor Lim Siong Guan shares insights on how to navigate uncertainty in a rapidly changing world by emphasizing the importance of governance, leadership development, and institutional culture. He stresses the need for proactive planning, trust-building, and adaptability in response to unexpected events.
The Qinghai-Tibet plateau faces multiple conservation challenges due to climate change and human activity. Research reveals shifting plant diversity under these pressures, with critical gaps in understanding the mechanisms behind acclimation and adaptation. Future research prioritization is proposed to address conservation concerns.
A study by Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications proposes a modality fusion strategy to enhance visualization-inertial trajectory localization. The approach leverages attention mechanisms and cross-modal communication, achieving robust accuracy in complex environments.
Researchers developed a new 8B13B coding scheme to enable robust, low-cost visible light communication using commercially available components. The system achieved reliable outdoor VLC at data rates of up to 3.48 Mbit/s over distances of several meters, overcoming key challenges in VLC.
Researchers discover breast cancer cells hijack the immune system's alarm pathway, inducing chronic pro-tumor inflammation. This shift creates a vulnerability that can be targeted by existing immunotherapies.
Researchers developed a composite fiber Bragg grating that eliminates the need for extra splices and improves system stability by suppressing stimulated Raman scattering. This technology achieved a 97.5% reduction in unwanted Raman light, reaching record-breaking output power of 9 kW.
Researchers developed a 3D electrical imaging technique to study defect passivation in perovskite films. The study found that bulk and surface passivation strategies improved charge transport, with filmstreated with both showing the most uniform conductive pathways.
A novel approach generates functional organoids from human adult adipose tissue, offering a more straightforward pathway for regenerative medicine and disease modeling. The method enables the differentiation of various organoids, including bone marrow and insulin-producing islet organs.
Researchers found that oxytocin is present in extracellular vesicles of boar seminal plasma, which is related to fertility outcomes. The levels of oxytocin were positively associated with farrowing rate but negatively with piglets born per litter.
Researchers review transfer printing techniques for integrating III-V semiconductor devices into silicon photonics, enabling diverse optical functionalities and applications. The technology offers precise control over thin film parameters and precise device placement.
Researchers developed a CRISPR-Cpf1 and endogenous recombinase synergy platform to improve metabolic engineering in Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114. The platform achieved high-efficiency overproduction of GlcNAc, yielding 141.2 g/L with improved production intensity.
Researchers have developed a novel catalyst for acidic two-electron oxygen reduction that enables the self-adjusting mechanism. This breakthrough offers a highly efficient, selective, and stable method for hydrogen peroxide synthesis in acidic media.
Researchers from Beijing Jiaotong University and East China Jiaotong University designed a joint optimization model to plan train timetables, rolling-stock circulation, and cargo loading on the Yizhuang Line. The approach reduced operating costs by up to 25% compared to conventional fixed-composition services.
Researchers discovered that culture conditions drive the synthesis of secondary metabolites, leading to significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The study identified potential active compounds for anti-diabetes treatment and provided actionable insights for optimizing cultivation processes.
A comprehensive assessment compares five hydrogen carriers, identifying trade-offs between cost and environmental impact. The study supports strategic decisions on investing in long-distance hydrogen infrastructure to reduce technological uncertainties.
Szu-Chih Liu played a central role in the development of biochemistry in China, inheriting methods from early Chinese trailblazers and fostering generations of biomedical students. He localized biochemistry in China through unifying terminology and developing textbooks in the Chinese language.
The article investigates CNT-integrated quartz woven fabric as a cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. It demonstrates excellent discharge capacity and high capacity retention after multiple charge/discharge cycles.
A theoretical study reveals how functionalized crown ethers selectively capture light gadolinium isotopes, offering a cleaner, more efficient path for nuclear and planetary science applications. The researchers found that four functionalized crown ether resins preferentially enrich lighter Gd isotopes.
Polysaccharide-based microneedles have been shown to effectively deliver anti-cancer agents directly into the skin, targeting rich networks of immune cells. The microneedle matrix itself can also modulate these immune cells, creating a powerful dual-action therapy.
Researchers created a novel enzyme tool by modifying an existing fungal-derived endo-polygalacturonase, enhancing its thermal stability and catalytic efficiency. The new enzyme efficiently produces pectic oligosaccharides with prebiotic potential, promoting beneficial probiotic growth.
A new label-free polarized light-based tool has been developed to detect blood cell abnormalities, offering a rapid and objective method for analyzing red blood cells. The technology uses dual-angle Mueller matrix polarimetry to quantify cell size, shape, refractive index, and surface characteristics with high accuracy.
Research finds cancer cachexia-related immune cells impair T-cell negative selection, leading to irAEs. This study establishes a critical mechanism connecting cancer cachexia and irAEs, opening new avenues for targeted interventions.
The team designed a strategy to create monolayer altermagnets using V2(Se,Te)2O as a template. High-throughput calculations identified 612 potential altermagnets with spin-splitting bands and CSML, showcasing their precision and potential for advanced spintronics applications.
Researchers develop record-high circular polarization of 25.3% in GaN-based spin-LEDs using multi-periodic spin tunnel junction, enabling zero-field spin-LED performance. The design harnesses topological spin textures for controlling electrons and filtering, achieving a breakthrough in device operation.
Researchers explore how nanomaterials enhance drug stability, delivery, and medical imaging in treating eye tumors. The concept of theranostics combines diagnosis and therapy for personalized treatments.
Researchers integrate imaging photoplethysmography and laser speckle contrast imaging to create a dye-free approach for real-time cerebral blood flow monitoring. This camera-based method provides fast, robust, and wide-field functional cerebral blood flows monitoring that could support safer neuro-surgery.
Researchers developed a soft, wireless implant that modulates the splenic nerve to restore immune balance in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. The device showed excellent biocompatibility and reduced inflammation in a rat model of chronic colitis.
Researchers developed a potassium-based Cu-SSZ-39 catalyst with increased Al concentration in 8-membered rings, enhancing NOx conversion at low temperatures and retaining activity after hydrothermal ageing. The work presents an effective strategy for tailoring Al distribution in zeolites to improve NH3-SCR performance.
Researchers explore how AI can transform RNA drug development by leveraging parallel computing and complex pattern recognition, leading to higher success rates and faster timelines. The integration of AI enables the creation of highly personalized RNA drugs tailored to individual genetic profiles.
Researchers provide new insights into how uncertainty propagation affects tokamak equilibrium reconstruction. They found reliable reconstruction requires controlled accuracy range for core diagnostic inputs and improved precision in midplane data.
A study demonstrates a minimally invasive subcutaneously implanted ultrasonic device that captures real-time arterial diameter changes to derive precise blood pressure values. The device achieves clinically acceptable errors of less than 3 mmHg, making it suitable for long-term hypertension management and continuous monitoring.
Researchers discovered that magnetotactic bacteria can resist and detoxify lead, a highly toxic heavy metal pollutant. The bacteria use different strategies to handle lead, including adsorption on cell surfaces or absorption into cells.
Researchers at KAIST developed 'SpecEdge,' a system that utilizes affordable, consumer-grade GPUs to provide AI services at lower costs. This technology significantly lowers LLM infrastructure costs and improves server throughput by up to 2.22 times.
Researchers developed a V-band ultra-fast tunable thin film lithium niobate Fourier-domain mode-locked optoelectronic oscillator to generate LCMW with low phase noise and large TBWP. The FDML OEO achieved record-breaking high radiofrequency oscillations up to 65 GHz.
Recent progress in designing lighter, faster, and more resource-efficient multimodal AI systems is highlighted in a comprehensive survey. Vision token compression techniques and emerging architectures like mixture-of-experts selectively activate model components to increase capacity without proportional increases in computation.
A recent study found that tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains are predominantly identified in chicken feces in China, but have expanded to other ecological niches and countries. The researchers highlighted the importance of antimicrobial stewardship policies in controlling the spread of resistance genes.
Research reveals that the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway promotes O-GlcNAc glycosylation of SNAP25, enhancing SNARE complex assembly and facilitating exosome release. Elevated glucose availability increases SNAP25 O-GlcNAcylation levels, strengthening its interaction with other SNARE partners.
Researchers have developed electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation (GOR) technology to convert waste glycerol into valuable chemicals. The process offers an energy-efficient alternative to traditional oxygen evolution reaction, producing high-value products like dihydroxyacetone and glyceric acid.
Researchers developed a comprehensive review on magnetic coupling technologies for efficient and robust underwater wireless power transfer. Optimized electromagnetic structures and control schemes improve power transfer efficiency and operational reliability for autonomous underwater vehicles.
Researchers propose a comprehensive framework for marine digital twin systems to overcome challenges in data interoperability, prediction accuracy, and decision-making. The framework enables real-time monitoring, simulation, and optimization in marine engineering processes.
Research on organophosphonate covalently modified polyoxometalates reveals the synthesis strategies, structural design, and performance characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. These materials exhibit broad applications due to their redox activity, structural tunability, low toxicity, and high stability.
The study synthesized organic–POM hybrids based on berberine, which exhibited distinct antiviral effects against EMCV. BR-EuSiW was found to have dose-dependent antiviral ability, possibly acting at the virus biosynthesis stage to inhibit proliferation.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a new combination therapy that combines CAR-T cell therapy with a SUMOylation inhibitor, which effectively suppresses MYC activity and slows the growth of Burkitt's lymphoma cells. The approach extends survival rates in mouse models by up to 80%.
Researchers found that sulfur, traditionally seen as a 'poison', can boost the performance of hydroformylation catalysts by up to twofold. The new approach harnesses sulfur in controlled amounts to reduce unwanted byproducts and increase selectivity.
Research reveals PtRu alloys achieve higher HOR activity by dynamically matching spatial distribution of active sites and interfacial water orientation, reducing solvent reorganization energy. This study employs density functional theory calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the electrocatalytic mechanism.
New study reveals that viruses living on plastics can act as drivers of antibiotic resistance dissemination by transferring genetic material between bacteria. Environmental context is crucial in understanding the risks of plastic pollution on public health.
Researchers developed a chitin-based carbon aerogel to stabilize phase change materials and improve their performance for energy applications. The material achieved high thermal storage density, durability, and improved thermal conductivity compared to pure stearic acid.
Researchers uncover the role of opsin genes in driving coral speciation through habitat-specific adaptation to light cues. The study proposes a new hypothesis on the origin of species in corals, shedding light on the mechanisms behind reproductive isolation and biodiversity.
Researchers traced nitrate pollution in the Yangtze River Delta using an integrated multi-tracer approach. Manure was identified as a dominant source of nitrate in traditional agricultural areas, while aquaculture effluent emerged as a main pollutant in industrialized zones.
Pediatric faculty members Michael Dell, Ross Myers, and Samudragupta Bora were elected to the American Pediatric Society for their exceptional contributions to clinical care, education, and research. The American Pediatric Society is a leading academic pediatric organization that has advanced child health for over 130 years.
Researchers developed probabilistic models to assess tunnel recovery after earthquakes, providing insights for infrastructure operators and city planners. The study found that restoration times and costs increase with damage severity, highlighting the need for proactive adaptation measures to ensure seamless tunnel functionality.
Satellite networks are becoming integral to future 5G/6G systems, offering global coverage and high throughput. Advancements in satellite technology have bridged the gap between terrestrial and satellite networks, reducing latency and increasing capacity.
Recent research aims to refine understanding of oral-systemic disease connections, exploring how oral health affects systemic risk and vice versa. Studies investigate mechanisms underlying oral and systemic disease links.
Researchers discover that excess hydrogen disrupts microbial balance, triggering major shifts in metabolism and viral dynamics. This study provides molecular-level evidence on the effects of hydrogen oversupply on methane production, highlighting the need for gas-ratio control in industrial reactors.
A new frontier in satellite technologies, Space Computing Power Networks (Space-CPN) integrates communication and computation capabilities across various satellites for efficient data processing and transmission. Key findings include the application of neuromorphic computing and robust optimization methods for energy-efficient resource...