A team of scientists discovered that radiation defects can form local 'core-shell' structures in silicon carbide, affecting its properties. The defect area becomes unstable, surrounded by a region with stronger bonding, modifying the electronic environment of nearby atoms.
Researchers from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have discovered that high pressure can transform single-layer nickelate La2NiO4 into a metal without destroying its magnetic order. Strontium doping also alters the material's magnetic moments, leading to ferromagnetism at high doping levels.
A research team has developed a surface chemistry strategy to regulate interfacial anion transport in hard carbon anodes, improving the stability of sodium-ion batteries. The modified hard carbon anode delivered improved initial Coulombic efficiency and rate capability, while maintaining stable performance during extended cycling.
A research team developed a thick cathode using laser-engineering that maintains high capacity and fast charging performance in zinc-ion hybrid capacitors. The resulting electrode retained 93.6% of its capacitance after 12,000 charge-discharge cycles.
Researchers developed gadolinium oxide nanoparticles with abundant oxygen vacancies to enhance MRI performance. The steady magnetic field-assisted method improved T1 relaxivity by 1.7 times, producing stronger and longer-lasting tumor contrast.
Researchers developed a 3D-printed metastructure that absorbs microwaves over a broad frequency range while supporting loads and removing ice through electrical heating. The structure is made from a composite material and features a layered design that enables microwave absorption across a wide range of angles.
Researchers developed an iron dual-atom nanozyme with high catalase-like activity, showing promise for treating rheumatoid arthritis. The nanozyme efficiently decomposes hydrogen peroxide and generates oxygen, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
A new nanocarrier, NFCT, protects iron from oxidation and keeps it on plant leaves after rainfall, improving iron uptake and photosynthesis. The treatment retained 72% of iron on leaves, compared to 26% for commercial EDTA-Fe, in simulated rainfall tests.
Researchers developed an explainable AI approach to assess thyroid cancer risk, estimating lymph node metastasis and highlighting imaging features behind predictions. The approach showed good performance in independent tests, achieving high diagnostic accuracy and improving radiologist collaboration.
Researchers developed a portable surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensor to rapidly detect sarin and other OP nerve agents. The sensor uses a molecular probe to recognize the P-C bond found in OP agents, achieving a detection limit of 10 ppb in under 20 seconds.
Researchers developed self-supported nanowire electrodes that improve CO2 conversion rate to carbon monoxide and n-propanol by removing polymer binders and using a three-dimensional scaffold-like structure. The electrodes achieved high Faradaic efficiency and stable operation in H-type electrolytic cells.
Researchers developed a flexible composite that can contain tritium and shield against nuclear radiation, offering a potential solution for radiation protection in future fusion facilities. The composite showed good resistance to thermal expansion, aging, and radiation, with effective shielding performance comparable to concrete.
The CIP2A protein regulates DNA repair during cell division and influences tumor response to radiotherapy. It controls Polθ activity and maintains its recruitment to damaged DNA sites through interaction with PP2A.
A new porous material has been developed to detect and adsorb copper ions, with a detection limit of 40.76 nM and a high adsorption capacity of 1902 mg/g. The material shows specific fluorescent recognition and cooperative adsorption capabilities, enabling efficient heavy metal monitoring and pollution treatment.
Researchers developed a Mo alloy with high strength, good ductility, and excellent thermal stability at high temperatures, overcoming conventional dispersion-strengthened Mo alloys' limitations. The alloy retained stable mechanical properties after long-term annealing at 1000 °C.
A high-entropy electrode has been developed to improve the efficiency of green hydrogen production through anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis. The electrode, containing five metal elements, demonstrated excellent oxygen evolution performance and long-term stability in tests.
Researchers at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science achieved record pulse energies with a laser diode-pumped Er,Pr:GYAP laser operating at 2.7 μm. The crystal helps improve laser performance, expanding the emission range and reducing energy losses. The laser produced high-energy pulses with Q-switched operation.
Researchers found that magnetotactic bacteria AMB-1 extended lifespan by 43.39% and improved neurological function and intestinal integrity in aged worms. AMB-1 reduced iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation levels, suppressing ferroptosis and aging-related pathways.
Researchers found that nanosecond laser-driven proton FLASH radiotherapy effectively kills cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells. The study showed that this new irradiation method preserves mitochondrial structure and function, reducing ferroptosis and stress responses in healthy tissues.
Researchers developed a low-noise magnetic sensor that improves weak-field detection, leveraging spin-texture dynamics to break the sensitivity–noise limitation. The anomalous Hall magnetic sensor achieved a magnetic-field detectivity of 15.7 nT/√Hz at 1 Hz, nearly one order of magnitude better than conventional ferromagnetic materials.
Researchers developed a highly crystalline three-dimensional graphitic carbon tube grid that improves filtering supercapacitor performance, offering potential for compact and efficient electronic devices. The new material shows faster coupled electron and ion transport and strong high mass loading capabilities.
A research team has developed a new strategy to regulate quantum states in layered materials by precisely tuning atomic layer movement. This approach enables the design of superlattices and regulation of electronic properties through structural engineering.
The study reveals the detailed structure of an RNA–DNA hybrid G-quadruplex, showing unique arrangement and unusual structural state. The findings suggest that RDQs may participate in regulating interactions between RNA and DNA in cells, protecting telomeres and maintaining genome stability.
A new membrane-based approach for treating high-salinity brines has been developed, utilizing thermoresponsive ionic liquids as recoverable draw solutes. The system achieves stable operation under high-salinity conditions and can be regenerated using low-grade heat.
A flavonoid-based fluorescent dye combined with whey protein creates a supramolecular probe that rapidly detects phoxim pesticide concentrations in solution. The system shows good selectivity and response, making it suitable for on-site screening in food safety and environmental monitoring.
A new method combining FTIR spectroscopy with machine learning improves gas concentration estimation in complex industrial conditions.
Researchers stabilize B31-type MnSe0.5Te0.5 phase with superconductivity driven by pressure-induced Jahn-Teller distortions. The team's chemical strategy enables the emergence of superconductivity at lower pressures.
A miniaturized spectroradiometer based on VIPA technology achieves high spectral resolution for atmospheric water vapor profiling. The system enables researchers to visualize water vapor distribution across the atmosphere, layer by layer.
A research team at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has realized a superconducting diode effect that preserves time-reversal symmetry in NbSe2 homojunctions. The device was built using a solid-state proton gating technique to form n–n, p–n and p–p junctions, all operating under zero magnetic field.
Researchers directly observed Meissner effect in 2D van der Waals superconductors, providing evidence of superconductivity in low-dimensional systems. The study used a new high-sensitivity method to detect magnetic signals in ultrathin samples.
A new peptide agonist, beta01, has been designed to target the kappa opioid receptor with high efficacy and reduced β-arrestin signaling, offering improved safety profiles for chronic pain and pruritus treatment. The study demonstrates a structure-based rational design approach for biased KOR agonists.
Researchers developed a synergistic strategy using glutathione additives to improve the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells. The approach enhances charge transport, reduces energy loss, and strengthens structural stability, resulting in high power conversion efficiency and operational stability.
The study introduces a phenotype-aware contrastive learning framework that leverages self-supervised learning on large-scale sequence datasets. BCRInsight accurately deconvolves B-cell subset compositions from bulk BCR-seq data, achieving an AUROC of 0.962 in antibody paratope prediction.
A new multimodal neural network model, MM-LHRNet, enhances atmospheric CO2 retrieval using laser heterodyne radiometry by doubling accuracy while tripling speed. The model achieves a retrieval standard deviation of 0.49 ppm and precision of 0.11%, outperforming traditional methods.
Researchers analyzed 32 years of global observations to identify eight daily patterns of aerosol optical depth (AOD) variability. These patterns are linked to land surface conditions and aerosol types, suggesting local environments play a significant role in shaping AOD behavior.
A new drug candidate, IHMT-15137, has been discovered to target key proteins involved in chemotherapy resistance. The compound blocks BMX activity, disrupting downstream signals and reducing E2F1 levels, making cancer cells more sensitive to treatment.
A research team developed a high-performance laser-based Three-Dimensional methane gas cloud imaging telemetry system. The system enables accurate measurement of emissions, supporting more efficient monitoring and control of pipeline networks.
A research team at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science developed a low-temperature solution-processing strategy for fabricating CuInS2 thin-film solar cells with an efficiency up to 12.28%, outperforming previous records.
The study reveals a nearly isotropic upper critical field in trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O10-δ under high pressure, unlike most layered superconductors. This unusual feature arises from the combined effect of two types of electronic states that balance out to lead to an overall nearly isotropic superconducting response.
A team of researchers has solved the long-standing structural puzzle of γ-N2 using a combination of high-pressure experiments and first-principles calculations. The study reveals that γ-N2 adopts a monoclinic P21/c structure containing two nitrogen molecules per unit cell.
The study uncovered how affibody Aff6 specifically recognizes different photoexcitation states of photosensitive protein DrBphP in the red/far-red optogenetic system MagRed. Key interactions between Aff6 and DrBphP, including aromatic and allosteric effects, were identified as crucial for state-specific recognition.
A new integrated plasma regime has been demonstrated in a metal-wall environment, achieving partial divertor detachment, an ELM-free H-mode, and high pedestal performance. This regime was sustained on a minute-scale and offers a potential solution to managing extreme heat loads on divertor plates while maintaining plasma stability.
A new catalyst, 3D Ce–Co3O4, was developed to improve the efficiency and durability of chlor-alkali electrolysis. The catalyst features a unique active site configuration that enhances Cl– adsorption and suppresses lattice-oxygen corrosion.
Researchers developed a coordination-unsaturated copper single-atom nanozyme that exhibits dual enzyme-like activities, mimicking peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase. The unsaturated Cu-N2 configuration induces high-spin electron density, enhancing H2O2 adsorption and accelerating electron transfer.
Researchers identified a natural compound, Timosaponin AIII, that selectively eliminates CAR-T regulatory T cells, enhancing CAR-T cell potency and preventing relapse. TAIII restored CAR-T function, increased killing ability, and improved patient-derived CAR-T cells in lymphoma models.
Researchers developed an atomic-column-resolved EMCD method to image antiferromagnetic order at the atomic scale. This technique detects chiral reversal signals from individual atomic columns, revealing microscopic magnetic structures.
A team of scientists developed a novel dual antisite defect strategy to introduce defects into chalcopyrite-based thermoelectric materials. This approach enabled the material to conduct electricity more efficiently while blocking heat, leading to a record peak ZT value of 2.03 at 873 K.
The study reveals two distinct types of unusual low-energy quasiparticle states in CsV3Sb5, including a zero-bias conductance peak within the superconducting gap and Kondo resonance peaks that break mirror symmetries of the kagome lattice.
A new technique called Differential Photoacoustic Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy (DPA-SRS) enables high-sensitivity hydrogen detection at concentrations as low as 1 ppm under atmospheric pressure. The DPA-SRS system achieved a minimum detection limit of 0.65 ppm for hydrogen.
Researchers developed high-performance catalytic membranes using MXene nanosheets and microfiltration techniques, achieving efficient removal of emerging contaminants like antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewater. The membranes showed improved stability, antifouling performance, and permeation flux, cutting treatment costs by over 30%.