The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) has introduced three overarching principles and 11 points to consider for assessing disease activity in AOSD. The guidelines emphasize the importance of adopting a valid, reliable, and easily transferable definition of disease activity, which includes fever, skin rash, arth...
Researchers at HIPS have fully elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of biphenomycins, a potent antibiotic family against Gram-positive pathogens. They can now produce sufficient quantities and create new variants with improved pharmaceutical properties to combat drug-resistant S. aureus infections.
A new study found that wood warblers have borrowed color-related genes from neighboring species, leading to the evolution of diverse plumage colors. This gene exchange, known as introgression, occurred across multiple genera and is believed to have played a role in the group's rapid diversification.
Raghuraman Kannan and Henry Nguyen, University of Missouri professors, have been elected National Academy of Inventors (NAI) Fellows. They were selected for creating or facilitating inventions that have had a tangible impact on society, with over 5,300 U.S. patents between them.
A study by the University Hospital Bonn reveals that asthma immune cells have a special antioxidant protection mechanism to survive in an environment that should damage them. Disrupting this mechanism leads to reduced allergic inflammation in mouse models.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene) (PBTTT), a liquid-crystalline conjugated polymer that has shown record figure of merit of 1.28 at 368 K
Astronomers at Northwestern University have directly imaged a Tatooine-like exoplanet orbiting two suns, revealing unique insights into how planets form around multiple stars. The discovery provides an unprecedented look at the complex dynamics of binary systems and offers new opportunities to test theories of planet formation.
A multicenter study found that higher-intensity rehabilitation in the ICU is linked to faster recovery and lower risk of delayed recovery for critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. Purposeful mobilization preserves muscle strength and function, supporting faster return to independence.
A new study found a significant rise in ADHD stimulant prescriptions in Ontario, with a 157% increase from 2015 to 2023. The study calls for better clinical guidance to ensure medications are prescribed appropriately and prevent adverse health effects.
Researchers summarize advances in multi-target therapies addressing Alzheimer's disease pathology, including Amyloid-beta, tau, neurodegeneration, and cerebrovascular injury. Despite promising preclinical evidence, single-target strategies have shown limited efficacy in clinical trials.
Researchers identify spatial characteristics of initial errors triggering predictability barriers in IOD events, affecting summer weather forecasts. The study provides insights into dynamical mechanisms and sensitive regions for targeted observations to improve IOD event predictions.
A new study reveals that rapid temperature fluctuations have intensified under global warming, posing significant health risks. The research defines these events as occurring when the temperature difference between two consecutive days exceeds historical records, leading to more frequent and sharp swings between temperature extremes.
The PerMiCCion consortium is studying the microbiome to develop personalized prevention and treatment strategies for early-onset colorectal cancer. They identified a characteristic 'oncogenic microbiome' that promotes inflammation and influences immune response.
Approximately one-third of US adults met criteria for metabolic syndrome in 2023, with no significant change in prevalence between 2013 and 2023. Triglyceride levels demonstrated a modest increase over the past decade.
A new dataset and model improve the efficiency of machine-learning interatomic potentials and their applicability to different chemical elements and material classes. The PET-MAD model uses a compact and denser dataset of 95,595 structures and an original neural network architecture, achieving robust simulations with minimal fine-tuning.
Researchers have identified a potential biomarker for targeted psoriasis therapy by discovering the link between fat metabolism and skin inflammation. FABP5 drives ferroptosis, amplifying inflammatory processes in the skin, which can be blocked to improve skin changes associated with psoriasis.
Researchers found that killer whales and Pacific white-sided dolphins cooperate while hunting salmon in British Columbia waters. The orcas use dolphin echolocation to locate Chinook salmon, which the dolphins then scavenge for food scraps after the orcas eat their share.
An analysis of popular song lyrics from 1973 to 2023 found that they have become simpler, more negative, and contain more stress-related words. The study suggests that music is used as a form of escapism during stressful periods, leading to a shift towards more positive and complex lyrics.
A repeated cross-sectional study found a significant increase in stimulant prescribing for ADHD, with the largest acceleration observed among female adolescents and young adults aged 18 to 64. The study's findings are consistent with prior research but provide new insights into population-level trends.
Leading synthetic biologists share hard-won lessons from their decade-long quest to build the world's first synthetic eukaryotic genome. The insights could accelerate development of climate-resilient crops and custom-built cell factories.
The Asia Pacific Regional Audit highlights key trends, gaps, and opportunities in 22 countries and regions. The audit reveals a steep rise in fracture rates due to poor bone health and an ageing population, with China, Malaysia, and Australia experiencing significant increases.
China's urban forests have grown significantly since 2010, increasing by 16.07 × 10^4 km² and storing up to 522.7 Tg C by 2060. The carbon sequestration rate peaked in 2015-2020, with a range of 1.92-22.8 Tg C/year.
Researchers have developed a novel cathode material that achieves high energy density and long cycle life in rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries. The sulfur-heterocyclic polymer cathode outperforms traditional graphite cathodes, demonstrating exceptional durability and low-temperature stability.
A new study found that neural inhibition and balanced activity in a specific brain area are necessary for recognition memory. The research suggests that too little or too much neural inhibition in the hippocampus can disrupt object recognition memory.
A new study found that annual ADHD prescription rates increased by 157 percent in Ontario from 2015 to 2023, with significant increases in females and younger age groups. The authors suggest a potential rise in true cases of ADHD, improved diagnosis, or misdiagnosis as contributing factors.
The study reveals the exceptional versatility of magnetic Weyl semimetals in chiral control, enabling real-time and reversible modulation by external fields. This property establishes them as a more adaptable platform for future quantum devices based on chiral degrees of freedom.
Researchers develop a strategy that delivers record FF of 80.1% and maintains high efficiency even at thin active-layer thickness. The design offers a cost-effective pathway to high-efficiency, thick-film organic solar cells.
A study of 800 young people found that around one in ten boys developed computer game addiction, characterized by strong involvement and negative consequences. Parents are advised to address gaming habits early on.
Researchers discovered that a missing piece of myelin in nerve cells slows signal transmission to the thalamus, disrupting communication loops and cognitive tasks. This finding sheds light on symptoms associated with grey matter lesions in MS.
Transformers and graph neural networks integrated with multiple pre-training tasks improve drug discovery accuracy. Molecule captions facilitate collaboration between large language models and drug discovery.
Researchers identified multiple well-supported clades corresponding to known genera and detected previously unrecognized lineages. They described two new genera and three new species, including Proxiconiothyrium yunnanense and Periconia longibrachiatum, expanding knowledge of Pleosporales diversity.
This study investigates how environmental variability and human migration influence the evolution of cooperation among humans. Simulation results reveal that cooperation is more likely to evolve when these factors are sufficiently high, hindering non-cooperative groups and encouraging cooperative groups.
A recent study found that omitting sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in clinically node-negative, HR-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer patients did not compromise regional control or survival after a median five years of follow-up. The recurrence of the cancer in the lymph nodes surrounding the primary tumor was observe...
Philip R. Troyk, director of the Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering at Illinois Tech, has been elected as a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors for his groundbreaking work on neuroprosthetic devices, including an implanted cortical visual prosthesis that provides artificial vision to individuals with profo...
The study found that upper and lower tooth germs exhibit distinct transcriptomic profiles at the cap stage, with maxillary-enriched genes associated with morphogenesis and lower-enriched genes linked to mineralization. The researchers also validated key findings using RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining.
A recent study published in Neuropsychopharmacology found that rats with higher natural stress levels are more likely to self-administer cannabis. The study also identified links between stress hormone levels and cognitive flexibility, suggesting potential early markers for problematic drug use patterns.
Researchers at TUM have discovered that deuterons and antideuterons are formed through the decay of highly energetic particle states, releasing protons and neutrons necessary for their formation. This finding improves models of particle formation and could provide clues about dark matter.
Researchers detect strong evidence for an atmosphere on ultra-hot super-Earth TOI-561 b, challenging the idea that small planets can't sustain atmospheres. The planet's unusually low density is explained by a thick volatile-rich atmosphere that circulates heat and cools the nightside.
A new study presents a comprehensive multi-scale computational framework capable of predicting the mechanical responses of Fe–Cr–Al alloys. The framework integrates molecular dynamics, phase-field simulations, and finite element modelling to simulate solid-solution effects and processing-induced microstructural evolution.
Researchers developed a precision magnetometer based on magneto-optic material that changes optical properties in response to a magnetic field. The device can detect magnetic fields comparable to those of high-performance cryogenic magnetometers, but with minimal size, weight and power consumption.
Research from Florida Atlantic University strengthens evidence that alcohol consumption increases cancer risk, particularly for breast, colorectal, and liver cancers. Higher intake and specific groups, such as African Americans and those with obesity or diabetes, are found to be more vulnerable to the risks.
Insilico Medicine and Taigen Biotechnology collaborate to develop and commercialize ISM4808, an AI-driven PHD inhibitor for treating anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The partnership grants TaiGen exclusive rights for further development, commercialization, and sub-licensing in the Greater China area.
Researchers develop shape-morphing device to overcome pancreatic tumor microenvironment barriers, achieving remarkable therapeutic efficacy in mouse models. The device delivers low-intensity photostimulation that precisely targets cancer cells while preserving normal tissue.
A phase II clinical trial found that preoperative radiation improved T-cell infiltration and treatment responses in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients. Radiation doses of 24 Gy showed the greatest increase in TCI and tumor clearance, suggesting a potential new strategy for immunotherapy.
The study reports a novel strategy for highly efficient photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from neutral water. A Pd-CNO2 coordination structure is integrated into a keto-form anthraquinone-based covalent organic framework, developing a highly efficient single-atom catalyst.
The National Academy of Inventors has elected 169 U.S. distinguished academic inventors and 16 International Fellows to the 2025 cohort, holding over 5,300 U.S. patents. This year's class represents 127 universities, government agencies, and research institutions across 40 states.
A recent study found that preoperative breast MRI did not significantly impact five-year recurrence rates or overall survival in patients with stage 1 or 2, hormone receptor-negative breast cancer. The trial involved 319 patients and showed similar results between those who underwent MRI and those who did not.
Dr. Liu's work uses genome and RNA sequencing to improve diagnosis and treatment of rare genetic diseases, benefiting thousands of patients. He has established whole-genome and RNA sequencing as clinically approved tests, enabling individualized medicine and personalized treatment.
A study by Linköping University found that right-leaning people are more susceptible to conspiracy theories and misinformation, while those on the left are less affected. The researchers suggest exposure, psychological factors, and anti-democratic values may contribute to this phenomenon.
Researchers from Okayama University and Tohoku University have identified a promising way to breach the physical and biochemical barrier created by fibrosis in pancreatic cancer. By blocking collagen signaling through DDR1, they improve drug delivery and enhance treatment response.
Dr. Bilal Akin has been recognized for his groundbreaking research on sustainable and high-efficiency energy conversion systems for electric vehicles and industrial automation. His innovative contributions have enabled early warnings and enhanced system safety, shaping the future of energy and transportation.
Dr. Fan Zhang, a pioneering theoretical physicist, has made groundbreaking discoveries in quantum matter and topological physics. His research has transformed our understanding of electronic correlations and topology, inspiring experimental breakthroughs worldwide.
Dr. Yunsun Nam's groundbreaking research on RNA-protein interactions reveals key insights for gene regulation, cancer biology, and RNA-based therapeutics. Her work uncovers molecular rules governing specificity between proteins and RNAs, shedding light on novel mechanisms linking dysregulated RNA methylation to cancer.
Insilico Medicine's AI platforms enable discovery of a novel, potent, selective, and orally administered DGKα inhibitor that restores T cell function and overcomes checkpoint resistance. The compound exhibits strong combination activity with anti–PD-1 and anti–CTLA-4 therapies in preclinical studies.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have devised a new approach to stimulate cell growth and repair in the intestine using CAR T-cell therapy. This therapy has shown promising results in improving gut health in both young and old mice, with significant reductions in inflammation and improved nutrient absorption.
Dr. Yue Hu has developed a system that applies reinforcement learning to optimize real-time industrial processes in the energy sector, delivering $20 million in annual savings for bp. Her work also enables transfer of expert knowledge to younger engineers through re-playable simulations.
A new study by University of Rochester finance professors argues that socially responsible investors' capital can inadvertently create incentives for firms to postpone green reforms. The researchers suggest public commitments and binding principles of responsible investing could overcome this issue, making impact investing more effective.
Valvular heart disease is prevalent in cancer patients, with severe cases associated with increased mortality. Interventions for valvular heart disease significantly improved survival rates among those who received treatment.
Cuffless devices, such as smartwatches and patches, have shown promise in measuring blood pressure but require standardized validation for medical decision-making. The American Heart Association has outlined key limitations and recommended further research to establish their accuracy.
A new study by researchers at TU Graz and the Know Center shows that AI-powered recommender systems can perpetuate unfairness if not designed with human decision-making in mind. The study proposes a multi-stakeholder approach, involving service providers, municipalities, and local residents, to ensure fairness and transparency.