Researchers have successfully generated and visualized helical electromagnetic pulses, a long-sought form of light that twists through space and time. The achievement overcomes significant challenges and opens up new possibilities for technologies like ultrahigh-speed communications and precision imaging.
Researchers discovered 'hot spots' around atomic defects in diamonds that briefly distort the surrounding crystal, affecting quantum-relevant defects. The findings indicate optical techniques used to control defects may unintentionally generate small pockets of heat, potentially affecting diamond-based quantum devices.
Researchers discovered that SIRT3 deficiency intensifies eustachian tube dysfunction in mice, leading to thicker mucus, weakened cilia, and impaired tube opening. SIRT3 plays a protective role in maintaining mucociliary transport capacity and pressure-regulation mechanisms.
A new study from the University of Gothenburg has found that high teenage BMI and poor physical fitness are associated with a higher risk of developing severe bacterial infections in adulthood. The study, which followed over 44,000 men for three decades, shows that even at high normal weight, individuals are already at increased risk.
The study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum (clove essential oil) and Salvadora persica (miswak) against key peri-implantitis pathogens. CEO and miswak exhibit promising activity, but a synergistic effect is not observed.
Researchers tested two popular virus-based tools to temporarily switch genes on or off in rice, but found no evidence they worked. Despite extensive optimization, the team found no changes occurred when a chlorophyll gene was silenced or a fluorescent protein was expressed.
A new study by the University of Oxford and WCS reveals that connections between coral reefs can stabilize reef health, reducing the risk of collapse. By simulating future reef conditions under different management scenarios, researchers found that a dual approach improving land and sea conditions provides the best outcomes for reefs.
University of Utah engineers developed an autonomous approach using proximity and pressure sensors, training an artificial neural network on grasping postures. Study participants demonstrated improved grip security, precision, and less mental effort when using the AI-enhanced prosthesis.
MIT researchers analyzed a recently discovered Pompeii construction site to shed new light on ancient Roman concrete, which has endured for thousands of years. They found that hot-mixing was indeed used by the Romans, contradicting ancient texts and providing valuable insights into a material with self-healing properties.
Researchers developed a novel magnetic biosensing technique using polydopamine-coated magnetoliposomes to monitor lectin-glycan binding. The technique provides insight into the dynamics of sugar-protein interactions and holds promise for medical diagnostics, glycoscience research, and drug discovery.
Researchers identify ANKLE1 as the first DNA-cutting enzyme capable of detecting and responding to physical tension in DNA. This mechanism plays a vital role in maintaining genetic integrity during cell division and preventing cancer and other diseases.
A team of researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution developed a theory for how microplastic particles accumulate in ocean eddies. They found that particles tend to accumulate in tubelike structures within circular currents, forming 'attractors' that resemble twisted, closed loops.
Rayna Dimitrova's SyReP project aims to eliminate the separation between decision-making and data in software development, enabling developers to specify system behavior and generate implementation automatically. The ERC Consolidator Grant will support her research on novel symbolic algorithms and realizability certificates.
Researchers at NUS develop dissolving microneedle patches to deliver beneficial microbes into plant tissue, accelerating early gains and using over 15% less biofertiliser. The approach points to precise fertiliser delivery, reduced waste and lower environmental impact.
A new guide published by Oxford University Press provides essential resources for parents of adolescents with autism. The book covers various challenges they face during this critical period, including social connections, puberty, and sexuality. It also offers extensive lists of resources to support these young individuals.
A new study by Prof. Anat Zohar and Dr. Yochai Z. Shavit finds that older adults learn best through active learning methods, such as connecting new ideas to existing knowledge and experiences. This approach can boost memory, emotional well-being, and a sense of purpose in later life.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded seven new biomedical research collaborations, bringing together 14 renowned scientists to tackle pressing problems in human health. These interdisciplinary projects will accelerate discoveries and advance understanding of human biology and disease.
A new multi-modal AI framework, DriveMLM, integrates perception, planning, and human instruction to produce aligned behavioral planning states for autonomous driving. It outperforms existing systems in closed-loop evaluation, demonstrating strong open-loop decision accuracy and robust performance under natural-language guidance.
A recent study by the University of Leeds found that electric vehicles (EVs) are no more dangerous to pedestrians than traditional petrol or diesel cars. The research compared pedestrian casualty rates between EVs and non-electric vehicles, finding no significant difference.
A research team developed an AI-guided framework to discover new metallic glasses by combining element embeddings learned from Wikipedia with graph neural networks. This approach overcomes challenges in predicting glass-forming systems, enabling the discovery of promising compositions with high glass-forming ability.
Dr. Eric J. Nestler's research has fundamentally reshaped global understanding of addiction and depression by focusing on resilience rather than pathology. His laboratory identified distinct molecular, cellular, and circuit changes in resilient brains that maintain normal behavioral function despite exposure to drugs or stress.
A cohort study found that older Medicare beneficiaries with common metastatic cancers had a mean of 40 to 62 health care contact days after diagnosis. Health care contact days increased from 2008 to 2019, highlighting the need for oncology teams to discuss expected burdens when developing care goals and treatment plans.
Researchers introduce a new method to measure middle ear transfer function more accurately, eliminating inner ear impedance effects and capturing complex stapes motion. This approach provides a reliable framework for future middle ear implant research and improves the understanding of human hearing mechanisms.
A new report from SEI and CEAP warns that the current SDGs systematically neglect animal welfare and health, undermining progress on human health, environmental protection, and social equity. The report identifies three pathways to integrate animal welfare into global governance.
The European Research Council has selected 349 mid-career researchers to receive €728 million in Consolidator Grants. The funding will support groundbreaking projects in various disciplines, including quantum sensing and materials science. Researchers come from 25 countries and represent 44 nationalities.
A University of Stirling-led study aims to improve care for vulvodynia patients by prioritizing patient-centered treatment and addressing knowledge gaps. The research found that education for healthcare providers, improved care pathways, and multidisciplinary support are top priorities.
The ECHOES team released an executive report on regenerative agriculture and resilient food systems during COP30, featuring case studies from the Andean, African, and Asian regions. The report showcases sustainable farming practices rooted in local Indigenous knowledge systems.
Ocean is an international, peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to advancing research in ocean science, technology, and engineering. The journal aims to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and solve pressing challenges in ocean science and technology.
A study found that certain physical activities temporarily increase the risk of low back pain flares in individuals with existing conditions. Conversely, long-term functional limitations were not associated with increased activity levels among these patients.
The study assessed deramciclane's antidepressant potential in two preclinical tests with predictive validity. Deramciclane demonstrated significant anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim test, but showed no effect in the bilateral olfactory bulbectomized rat model.
The Hevolution/AFAR New Investigator Awards in Aging Biology and Geroscience Research will support 18 junior investigators studying age-related diseases and healthspan. The awards, worth $375,000 each, are designed to advance research projects in basic biology of aging and geroscience.
A new computer model, GeoFlame VISION, uses AI and satellite imagery to produce a dynamic wildfire risk map for the entire US. The model shows that California's eastern, southwestern, and northwestern parts are at high risk due to Santa Ana winds.
Research reveals that exposure to addictive drugs like fentanyl and ketamine affects the behavior and survival rates of oyster larvae. The study found that after two weeks of exposure, survival declined in all treatments and doses, with benzoylecgonine causing the greatest reduction.
A nationwide study found that water treatment methods using chlorine as a primary disinfectant increase the risk of Legionnaires' disease. Chlorine used as a secondary disinfectant also increases disease rates, whereas monochloramine reduces the risk.
A SwRI-led study finds that quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) in solar flares are driven by dynamic oscillations in magnetic reconnection. This research could help refine traditional solar flare models, providing new insights into the mechanisms driving space weather.
Researchers at Pitt and UPMC Children's Hospital discovered a biomarker of complicated pediatric traumatic brain injury, which may serve as dynamic indicators of post-injury recovery. The study found that children with TBI had a different epigenetic profile compared to those with orthopaedic injuries.
Researchers developed a method to measure insulin function in the brain, finding patterns that can identify women at higher risk for metabolic syndrome. Childhood stress affects women's metabolic health risks differently than men, suggesting a sex-specific process.
A WSU study found that reducing activity in a neural circuit drives relapse after opioid use. The team used chemogenetics and optogenetic approaches to reduce heroin-seeking behavior, with the latter being nearly twice as effective.
A Phase III clinical trial found that over half of patients who received ianalumab for primary ITP maintained safe platelet counts without serious bleeding episodes for at least one year. The study suggests a new treatment option with the potential to improve long-term quality of life for patients.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University improved electrode performance in brain-computer interfaces by delivering anti-inflammatory drugs directly to the site of implantation using platelet-inspired nanoparticles. The breakthrough has potential applications for treating various diseases involving inflammation and vascular injury.
A new trial shows pirtobrutinib to be more effective than bendamustine plus rituximab in treating previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The drug demonstrated improved survival rates, a favorable safety profile, and lower adverse event rates compared to the standard treatment.
A new trial found that the Tec-Dara combination of teclistamab and daratumumab significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with R/R multiple myeloma, achieving an 83.4% rate compared to 29.7% for standard therapies. The treatment also showed better quality of life outcomes and was comparable in safety profile.
Researchers have successfully assembled higher-order supramolecular polymers through cooperative interactions between aryl barbiturate molecules. The study's key findings include the intentional weakening of p-conjugated core interactions to promote alkyl−alkyl interactions, resulting in unique assembly and disassembly behavior.
A study of 8,273 patients found that tranexamic acid significantly reduced the need for blood transfusions and did not increase the risk of blood clots. The medication promotes blood clotting, essential to stop bleeding during surgery, without increasing life-threatening complications.
Researchers developed an algorithm to analyze publicly available radar imagery and identify destroyed buildings in conflict zones with precision up to 86%. The method enables democratized access to conflict monitoring tools and near real-time assessment of building destruction for humanitarian response and academic research.
A modeling study reveals that increasing numbers of households with rooftop solar panels can lead to higher rates for those without their own solar system. As the cost of solar systems falls, more customers defect from the grid, leading to increased rates and a 'utility death spiral' that disproportionately affects low-income households.
A phase III trial found that adding ianalumab to standard therapy extended time to bleeding episodes and improved platelet counts in patients with ITP. The study showed a significant advantage of higher-dose ianalumab over the placebo group, but longer-term durability remains unknown.
Sofetabart mipitecan, a novel ADC targeting folate receptor alpha, shows robust clinical activity in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The GOG-3133/ FRAmework-01 phase 3 study aims to expand treatment options for recurrent ovarian cancer and address the need for more effective therapies.
Researchers analyzed 12 years of hospital website data and found pixel tracking in 66% of observations, significantly increasing breach risk. Hospitals using third-party pixels saw a 1.4 percentage point increase in breach probability compared to baseline rates.
The MUTE-Seq method detects rare cancer mutations at exceptionally low frequencies, enriching circulating tumor DNA and improving detection accuracy. It increases variant allele frequencies by tens of times, enabling detection of mutations present at 0.005% or lower.
A new study found that aerobic exercise can increase dopamine release and improve motor performance in middle-aged mice, suggesting a potential link to improved mobility and reduced symptoms of Parkinson's disease. The research team plans to repeat the study in genetically engineered mice models for neurodegenerative disorders.
A new online tool has been developed to detect drug exposure directly from patient samples, revealing a more accurate picture of what drugs are in a person's body than what is listed on their medical record. The tool uses a publicly-available library of chemical fingerprints from thousands of drugs and their breakdown products.
Researchers aim to fill a gap in understanding human-induced climate change with an ERC-funded study. Velle Toll's project will use satellite data and machine learning to analyze the effect of air pollution particles on global warming.
Hebrew University researchers Prof. Ori Katz and Prof. Devorah Manekin receive €2 million ERC Consolidator Grants for innovative projects in optical imaging and nonviolent resistance, advancing fields of biomedical imaging, remote sensing, and democracy promotion.
Scientists create a corralled supercooled liquid by controlling the number of stationary atoms within a liquid, leading to an unusual phase of matter. The discovery could revolutionize our understanding of catalysts and lead to the design of self-cleaning materials.
Researchers at OIST have discovered that certain cancers can 'lose their sense of time' to avoid cellular stress responses. The study highlights the role of USP28 in stabilizing p53, a known tumor suppressor, and how mutations in this protein can disrupt its function.
A new study reveals that elephants, giraffes, and rhinos are unable to get enough salt from their habitats, leading to sodium deficiency. The researchers found that larger-bodied species are more affected by sodium scarcity, which influences their habitat selection and behavior.
Researchers have created a method to encode binary information and transmit signals on a chip using quasiparticles called magnons. The spiral geometry of tiny, twisted magnetic tubes enables data transmission at room temperature, with no electron flow required.
Researchers found that increased activity of a specific protein in the brain can alter learning processes associated with rewards. This discovery may lead to better treatments for conditions like addiction and depression.
A new study found that the density and distribution of Earth's largest land animals are limited by sodium availability in their local flora. In many areas, wild herbivores cannot get enough salt in their diet, leading to interesting behaviors such as elephants consuming sodium-rich rocks and gorillas fighting for salty foods.