A new study finds that simple email reminders significantly increase clinicians' use of a database supporting safe prescribing of opioids and other drugs. Emails emphasizing legal requirements more than tripled engagement, while emails highlighting clinical benefits were also effective but less so.
A new AI model using deep transfer learning accurately predicted spoken language outcomes in deaf children after cochlear implants. The 'predict-to-prescribe' approach allows for earlier intensified therapy for children forecast to struggle with spoken language.
A survey study found that exposure to medical misinformation was common among breast cancer patients, yet fear of recurrence was not associated. Further research on how patients process medical misinformation is essential to improve survivorship communication and reduce misinformation spread.
This protocol provides a comprehensive method for characterizing novel CRISPR-Cas systems with Pro-CRISPR factors. Key findings include protein purification, biochemical characterization, and in vivo functional assays in bacteria.
This study provides direct evidence of nomadic groups' adoption and approval of agricultural economy in ancient China. The isotopic data show a shift from millet-based agriculture to wheat or rice agriculture, indicating a gradual social evolutionary process.
A new study demonstrates that phenomics can match or outperform traditional indices in predicting disease resistance and genetic analysis. By integrating multispectral and thermal data with statistical models, researchers found improved results when combining phenomic prediction with genomic information.
Research identified regional and global changes in hot droughts across timescales, with increased frequency and spatial extent observed globally. Human influence was found to play a significant role in driving these changes.
A new study finds that moral arguments appealing to care and fairness can persuade both liberals and conservatives in the US. This challenge traditional views on what motivates conservative voters, suggesting a shift towards more progressive positions over time.
The serial lift-out technique increases throughput and preserves tissue sample structure, addressing limitations of cryo-FIB milling. This optimized method allows for the preparation of multiple lamellae, enabling high-resolution imaging at molecular resolution.
Researchers developed a physics-constrained, data-efficient AI framework that accurately reconstructs temperature fields from limited sensor data in chiplet-based packaging. The approach achieves high accuracy and generalization without excessive noise, enabling reliable thermal characterization.
Researchers used hyperspectral imaging to detect early, invisible nematode stress in potato crops. The study highlights the potential and limitations of remote sensing for separating overlapping crop stress signals, paving the way for non-invasive, large-scale monitoring and improved pest management.
A study published in Plant Phenomics provides a critical foundation for intelligent and automated pruning systems. By analyzing 3D point clouds of pear trees, researchers identified shoot architectural parameters that reflect annual shoot growth patterns.
A new study found that a small dose of peanut oral immunotherapy can help children with their peanut allergy and reduce the risk of severe reactions from accidental exposures. Children receiving the low-dose treatment experienced significant increases in their allergic reaction threshold to peanuts.
A recent study reveals how the C/G fusion hijacks DNA methylation and chromatin architecture to drive aggressive acute myeloid leukemia in children. The study identifies DNMT3B as a critical effector of the fusion, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A detailed protocol enhances lamella stability and reproducibility in multicellular tissue samples via adjustable slit spacing and six-sided attachment geometry. This method simplifies operational steps for high-throughput in situ structural analysis of tissues by cryo-ET.
A new study reveals that mature B cells temporarily gain plasticity during the antibody-making process, which could explain how many lymphomas develop from mature B cells. Researchers discovered that this epigenetic change is tightly regulated and can be hijacked by specific mutations to promote lymphomagenesis.
Researchers found that up to 21% of black carbon particles contain two or more cores, previously unaccounted for in global climate models, potentially underestimating BC's light absorption by 50%. The study suggests a 19% increase in global average BC absorption, particularly in wildfire-affected regions.
MMWs inhibit tumor growth by modulating immune proteins, reducing tumor cell membrane synthesis and energy metabolism. The therapy boosts anti-tumor immune responses, increasing infiltration of immune cells and reducing immunosuppressive populations.
A study by Ohio State University professor Patrick Carroll found that inducing meta-cognitive doubt in people who were worried about achieving an identity goal increased their commitment to achieving it. By questioning their own thoughts and doubts, participants became more confident and committed to pursuing their goals.
Researchers develop an intelligent decision-making algorithm using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to analyze passengers' physiological states and enhance autonomous vehicle safety. The study shows improved safety, comfort, and convergence speed compared to traditional methods.
Researchers developed CardioKG, an AI-driven tool that integrates imaging data with biological databases to predict gene-disease associations and identify new drug opportunities for heart conditions. The study identified potential treatments for atrial fibrillation and heart failure using existing drugs like methotrexate and gliptins.
Research finds that oral bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with increased disability in multiple sclerosis patients. Studies suggest a potential 'oral-brain axis' where oral inflammation influences neuroinflammatory disease severity.
Research highlights the moderating role of collective innovativeness in teacher collaboration, showing its significant impact on cognitively activating teaching practices. Schools with high innovativeness levels experience stronger positive effects from collaboration.
A study estimates that wildland fires release an average of 143 million tons of airborne organic compounds annually, 21% higher than earlier estimates. This increase poses complex air-quality challenges, particularly in regions such as Equatorial Asia and Northern Hemisphere Africa.
Researchers develop ddHodge, a geometry-preserving method that accurately reconstructs cell state dynamics. The technique reveals repeating processes like the cell cycle and identifies critical biological moments in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and cancer progression.
A recent study published in Current Molecular Pharmacology reveals CoQ2's sedative-hypnotic properties, inducing reversible loss of righting reflex and altering electroencephalogram activity. The compound disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential by inducing excessive proton leak and inhibiting electron transport chain complexes I and IV.
A large-area uniform three-dimensional covalent organic framework membrane is fabricated to stabilize Li-metal electrodes via solvation cages. The membrane features non-interpenetrating topology, promoting rapid ion transport and stabilizing the lithium metal anode.
A research team has developed a novel conceptual model to understand the adaptive strategies of the deep-sea black coral Bathypathes pseudoalternata and its symbiotic microbiome. The study reveals that the coral hosts a stable and highly streamlined microbiome that supports its survival in extreme environments.
Researchers discovered that calcium alpha-ketoglutarate restores key memory-related brain functions disrupted in Alzheimer's disease. The molecule enhances synaptic plasticity, protects neurons from degenerative changes, and supports healthier cognitive ageing.
A study found that high PD-L1 levels are associated with increased risk of lymph node metastasis and poorer recurrence-free survival rates in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. This suggests that PD-L1 expression may serve as a potential indicator for early postoperative recurrence.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that ceftazidime-avibactam is more effective than standard antibiotic therapy in managing drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. The treatment also showed a lower rate of adverse reactions and mortality. The results suggest that ceftazidime-avibactam is a more favorable choice for c...
ICIs combined with chemotherapy shows promise for treating EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC, improving PFS and OS. Acceptable safety profile for ICIs-chemotherapy regimen, suggesting potential as therapeutic option.
The study integrated radiomics and deep transfer learning to improve diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) categories 3 and 4A. The model demonstrated superior performance, high specificity, and positive predictive value.
Researchers have identified key mechanisms underlying the evolution of fish calcitonin receptors, which resist desensitization and enable lifelong calcium regulation in marine environments. Designing sCT analogs and developing RAMP-independent CTR agonists may lead to long-acting calcitonin therapies.
Aging mice without teeth experience cognitive decline due to inflammation and cell loss in the hippocampus, essential for memory formation. The study suggests that maintaining chewing ability may be a strategy to preserve cognitive function later in life.
A team from Tokyo Metropolitan University found that numerical information in vision affects spatial perception, introducing complex interplay between object-based processing and number value. Their experiments with squares showed a strong vertical bias when numbers were present, highlighting the impact of the ventral visual stream.
The Society of Inorganic Materials, Japan (SIMJ) is launching a prestigious international book project to showcase recent advancements in environmentally responsible inorganic materials. The book aims to highlight chapters on energy-efficient material technologies and other inorganic materials contributing to planetary sustainability.
A cohort study found higher fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure associated with lower birth weight, particularly in early and mid-pregnancy. The study's findings suggest that understanding windows of susceptibility to environmental exposures can inform strategies for limiting exposure during critical periods.
A national longitudinal cohort study found consistently worse mental health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Integrated screening and intervention strategies are needed to address this association.
A new study reveals that everyday conversations can delay essential eye-movement responses, affecting the fast visual assessments required for safe driving. The research found that talking imposes cognitive load strong enough to interfere with the neural processes that initiate and guide eye movements.
The Ceramic Society of Japan's Oxoate Ceramics Research Association has launched a new international book project, Functional Oxoate Ceramics and Glasses: Current Progress and Future Perspectives. This comprehensive reference aims to integrate fundamental science, technological applications, and future perspectives from notable experts...
Researchers have identified Rb1 as a predictive biomarker for a new therapeutic strategy in some breast cancers. The study found that simultaneous inhibition of ATR and PKMYT1 triggers cell death in Rb1-deficient breast cancer models, leading to tumor shrinkage and improved survival.
A recent international study coordinated by the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies found that preserving bilateral cardiac vagal innervation is an anti-aging factor. The right cardiac vagus nerve helps preserve cardiomyocyte health independently of heart rate, suggesting a new strategy for long-term heart protection.
A recent survey of pediatric surgeons reveals that AI adoption is hindered by ethical concerns over accountability, informed consent, and data protection. Despite potential benefits, only one-third of respondents have used AI in clinical practice, with most focusing on tasks like literature searches.
A study found that prescription stimulants primarily affect brain's reward and wakefulness centers, rather than attention circuitry. This leads to improved focus through increased motivation and reduced sleep deprivation effects.
Professor Keisuke Fujii, a researcher at The University of Osaka, has been selected as one of the Quantum 100 for his work on quantum computing. He was honored with this recognition in 2025, the centennial year of quantum mechanics.
Researchers developed a computational framework to identify effective catalysts for producing hydrogen peroxide from water and electricity. The approach successfully predicted key reaction properties across diverse materials, leading to the discovery of promising candidate lithium scandium oxide.
HSE economists found that AI models like ChatGPT and Claude tend to play 'too smart' and lose in strategic thinking games by assuming a higher level of logic in people than is actually present. The study replicated results from previous human participant experiments, showing LLMs adapt to opponents with varying levels of sophistication.
Researchers reviewed magnetic materials preparation, structural design and actuation systems for medical applications, highlighting potential in targeted drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery and disease diagnosis. Despite challenges, the authors emphasize magnetic soft robots' potential to reshape future healthcare practices.
Researchers propose a theoretical model to analyze adhesion and escape phenomena during low-velocity impacts between charged dust particles and spacecraft. The study focuses on the interaction between charged particles and spacecraft within a plasma sheath, considering significant size differences.
A newly developed AI model accurately predicts blood loss in patients undergoing high-volume liposuction, showing excellent agreement with estimated volumes. The model's 94% accuracy may help make surgery 'smarter and safer' by informing perioperative management and reducing the risk of complications.
The NSLLM framework transforms conventional LLMs into neuromorphic models by performing integer spike counting and binary spike conversion, enabling analysis of information processing. This approach achieves significant energy efficiency and improved interpretability through the use of neural dynamical representations and biologically-...
A team of HSE researchers has created a comprehensive map of quadruplexes, unstable DNA structures involved in gene regulation. The study reveals that quadruplexes function in pairs, regulating tissue-specific genes in healthy tissues and cell growth and division in cancerous tissues.
A study analyzing corporate ESG reporting through data mining reveals a significant trend toward the homogenization of reports, with greater emphasis on social and governance issues. The findings suggest that companies are adopting similar ESG frameworks, which can enhance legitimacy but limit innovation.
Researchers discovered that MHP films exhibit triboluminescence when scraped with metals like copper, gold, or platinum, due to friction-induced charge transfer. This phenomenon is universally observed across commonly studied MHP films. The enhancement of PL is attributed to the accumulation of positive charges on the perovskite surfac...
Researchers develop experimental drugs that encourage mitochondria in cells to work harder and burn more calories. The findings offer a framework for designing safe and effective weight-loss treatments with potential benefits for metabolic health and neurodegenerative diseases.
A team of researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University has created two models to detect and fix common labeling errors in large radiographic collections. The models achieved high accuracy rates for body-part classification and projection/orientation detection, showing promising results for improving deep-learning models in medical AI.
A recent study has found that rates of opioid use during pregnancy have risen two-fold over the past decade, with significant increased risks of maternal and infant health complications. The study emphasizes the urgent need for accessible, wraparound health care for mothers and families affected by opioid addiction.
Researchers have found that twisted growth in plants is not due to null mutations, but rather changes in gene expression in the epidermis layer. This discovery could help crops thrive in challenging conditions with rocky soils.
Researchers developed an organ-on-a-chip platform to study the gut-islets axis and its regulation by hormones. The system successfully reproduced key features of the axis, including bile acid-induced GLP-1 release and insulin secretion enhancement.