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Science News for July 24, 2025


Scientists discover how correlated disorder boosts superconductivity

Researchers from HSE MIEM have demonstrated that controlled defect distribution, or correlated disorder, can enhance superconductivity in materials, allowing it to occur at higher temperatures and extend throughout the entire material. This finding could lead to the development of superconductors that operate without extreme cooling.

Theory-guided strategy expands the scope of measurable quantum interactions

Researchers at MIT develop a new method to directly measure the strength of electron-phonon interaction in semiconductors, a crucial property for next-generation microelectronic devices and quantum computers. This approach leverages an oft-overlooked interference effect in neutron scattering to detect electron-phonon interactions.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalMaterials Today Physics·DateJul 24, 2025

An “innate immunity + local immune activation” combination strategy: Systemic IFN-I and topical TLR7/8-based antitumor immunotherapy strategy —a perspective from Bo Xiao and Chenghui Wang's group at University of Electronic Science and Technology of

Researchers propose a synergistic combination strategy using systemic type I interferons (IFN-I) and local TLR7/8 agonists to enhance dendritic cell activation and inhibit metastatic tumors. This approach enhances early innate immune control and later induces CD8+ T cell responses.

SourceResearch·JournalResearch·TypeNews article·DateJul 24, 2025

K-biofoundry develops international standard language to unite synthetic biology laboratories worldwide

A four-level hierarchical framework has been developed to standardize all experimental processes in biofoundries, facilitating the accumulation of high-quality process data usable in AI applications. This structure enables consistent recording, sharing, and automation of complex biological experiments.

SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalNature Communications·DateJul 24, 2025

Research suggests fresh grapes are a superfood

Research suggests that fresh grapes possess numerous health benefits due to their high antioxidant content, including promoting relaxation of blood vessels, healthy circulation, and modulating cholesterol levels. Grapes have also been shown to support brain, skin, gut, and eye health through various mechanisms

SourceCalifornia Table Grape Commission·JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateJul 24, 2025

Study compares common type 2 diabetes drugs, finding higher cardiovascular risk for one medication

A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that glipizide, a commonly used type 2 diabetes medication, is associated with a 13% increase in cardiovascular risk compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. The study analyzed data from nearly 50,000 patients and found that glipizide was linked to higher rates of heart ...

SourceMass General Brigham·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeObservational study·DateJul 24, 2025

Ketamine could treat depression by interacting with the brain’s ‘opioid system’

Researchers at King's College London discovered that ketamine's antidepressant effects involve the brain's opioid system, which works together with glutamatergic systems to produce rapid treatment effects. The study also identified a sex-related effect, where males with depression showed a more pronounced response to naltrexone.

SourceKing's College London·JournalNature Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJul 24, 2025

Self-disclosure in the era of video communication and embodied virtual reality

A team of researchers from Waseda University investigated the effects of new communication media, including video-conferencing and embodied virtual reality, on self-disclosure. They found that embodied VR, especially with unrealistic avatars, resulted in higher self-disclosure of personal feelings compared to face-to-face conversations.

SourceWaseda University·JournalBehaviour and Information Technology·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Obesity shapes COVID-19’s long-term damage

A study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection caused different long-term consequences in lean and obese macaques, with obesity increasing risks like persistent lung damage. Lean animals also experienced signs of metabolic disruption, suggesting long COVID may be more common than reported.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Pathogens·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Unlocking the brain’s filing cabinet

Researchers at USC have developed a new understanding of how the human brain organizes its visual memories by sorting them into categories. The study, published in Advanced Science, used human patient brain recordings and machine learning to decode the category of visual image being recalled from precise neural timing.

SourceUniversity of Southern California·JournalAdvanced Science·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJul 24, 2025

What makes cells migrate – and what can stop them

A team of scientists from the University of Konstanz has identified the PPM1F enzyme as essential for cell migration in both embryonic development and tumor cell invasion. The study found that increased levels of PPM1F enhance the invasive potential of cancer cells, while its absence impairs cell adhesion and migration.

SourceUniversity of Konstanz·JournalBMC Biology·DateJul 24, 2025

Energy-efficient strategies may produce 10 times more health benefits in Eastern Europe than in Western Europe

A new study by Boston University School of Public Health and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that energy-efficient strategies can have a significant impact on public health in the European Union. The research reveals dramatic differences in health burdens from electricity use based on the source of energy used, with cou...

SourceBoston University School of Public Health·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 24, 2025

Older adults with serious illness before surgery use far more health care resources after surgery

A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that older adults with serious illness before undergoing elective surgery had significantly longer hospital stays, higher rates of readmissions, and almost double the yearly costs of healthcare compared to their counterparts. Depression was found to be a signifi...

SourceAmerican College of Surgeons·JournalJournal of the American College of Surgeons·DateJul 24, 2025

Smart microscope captures aggregation of misfolded proteins

EPFL researchers have developed a 'self-driving' imaging system that can track and analyze protein aggregation in real-time and even anticipate its onset. The approach minimizes the use of fluorescent labels, allowing for accurate analysis. The new technology has important implications for drug discovery and precision medicine.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature Communications·TypeImaging analysis·DateJul 24, 2025

Making medicine out of millipedes

Researchers discovered complex structures in millipede secretions that can modulate specific neuroreceptors in ant brains, shedding light on potential new medications. The newly found alkaloids, named andrognathanols and andrognathines, have shown potent interactions with the Sigma-1 neuroreceptor.

SourceVirginia Tech·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateJul 24, 2025

Less is more: Low-dose olanzapine curbs chemo-induced nausea without the sedation

A recent study found that a 5 mg dose of olanzapine taken after chemotherapy significantly reduced nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients, with fewer side effects compared to the standard 10 mg dose. The low-dose regimen was effective for both immediate and delayed symptoms, making it an attractive alternative for patients.

SourceJuntendo University Research Promotion Center·JournalThe Lancet Oncology·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJul 24, 2025

Central American countries most affected by plastic bottle pollution

The study found that most plastic bottles and caps on Pacific coast beaches in Central America originated from local companies, while Asian origin bottles were more common on island coasts. The research sampled over 12,000 kilometers of coastline and collected over 92 mainland beaches, 15 island beaches, and 38 human settlements.

SourceUniversity of Barcelona·JournalJournal of Cleaner Production·TypeObservational study·DateJul 24, 2025

New AI model brings breakthroughs in five-day regional weather forecasting

Researchers developed a novel deep learning-based framework that improves five-day regional weather forecasting accuracy, even with limited data. The method achieved significant improvements in temperature, precipitation, and wind speed forecasts, outperforming mainstream global AI models.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAtmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters·DateJul 24, 2025

Painless breakthrough in diabetes care: Smarter monitoring and drug delivery

A wearable technology enables precise drug dosing through continuous monitoring of disease and drug markers, solving the problems of invasive and painful current technologies. The system combines microneedles, nano-enzyme-based sensors, and a smartphone app to provide real-time pharmacologically guided diabetes treatment.

SourceTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms behind premature aging of the brain

A recent study published in The EMBO Journal reveals that the Setd8 gene plays a critical role in the premature aging of the brain by controlling neural stem cell activity and proliferation. Artificially lowering Setd8 levels mimicked molecular signatures of aging, highlighting its potential as a biomarker for early aging.

SourceNara Institute of Science and Technology·JournalThe EMBO Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Scientists call for urgent policy reform to accelerate cross-border coral restoration efforts

An international team of coral scientists calls for urgent regulatory reform to support assisted gene flow, a powerful tool to boost coral resilience. The researchers outline reforms needed to enable cross-border coral exchanges to introduce new genetic diversity and preserve coral diversity.

New study in Ukraine indicates significant lifetime exposure and ongoing transmission of hepatitis B and C viruses among the general population

A nationwide study in Ukraine found substantial lifetime exposure to hepatitis B and C viruses, with significant ongoing circulation among the population. The study emphasizes the need for hepatitis B vaccination among infants and risk groups, as well as regular screening, treatment, and awareness-raising efforts.

Two studies reveal global patterns of industrial fishing across marine protected areas

Two studies found that industrial fishing is rare in fully and highly protected marine areas, averaging just one vessel per 20,000 square kilometers. However, nearly half of the world's coastal MPAs showed evidence of industrial fishing, with factors like MPA size and remoteness more predictive of fishing presence than official protect...

"High notes from one side, deep tones from the other" – Janus-like wave transmission

A research team has experimentally demonstrated a nonlinear wave phenomenon that changes its frequency depending on the direction of incoming waves. The system exhibits different responses to waves entering from one side versus the other, with potential applications in medical ultrasound imaging and noise control.

SourcePohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateJul 24, 2025

Electron beam irradiation helping to turn plastic waste into gas

Researchers at National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology developed a technique to decompose polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) into gaseous products using electron beam irradiation. This process reduces energy required by 50% compared to traditional methods, making large-scale recycling of fluoropolymers more viable.

SourceThe National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology·JournalRadiation Physics and Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Characteristics of the extratropical transition of tropical cyclones on different tracks in the western North Pacific

The study reveals significant differences in transition duration, location, and mechanism among four clusters of ETCs. Recurving ETCs undergo transition during track recurvature, while westward ETCs transform rapidly after landing. Northwestward ETCs typically undergo transition in the baroclinic zone, and abnormal track ETCs complete ...

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAtmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters·DateJul 24, 2025

New research: Satellite imagery detects illegal fishing activity, shows strict protections work

A new study reveals that fully and highly protected marine reserves successfully curb industrial fishing activity, offering a powerful new way to assess fishing compliance. The research combines satellite imagery and AI technology to detect previously untraceable vessels, finding that most MPAs are well-respected and effective in deter...

SourceNational Geographic Pristine Seas·JournalScience·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 24, 2025

Massey becomes first U.S. site to enroll patients in global Phase 2a trial of first-in-class therapy for T-cell lymphoma

VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center is the first US site to enroll patients in a global Phase 2a clinical trial of PTX-100, a small molecule inhibitor for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PTX-100 in patients with relapsed or refractory disease.

SourceVirginia Commonwealth University·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJul 24, 2025

Deep learning-based structural characterization and mass transport analysis of CO2 reduction catalyst layers

A new study uses deep learning to map microscopic structures and simulate mass transport in CO₂RR catalyst layers, providing a scalable blueprint for industrial CO₂ electrolyzers. By optimizing catalyst layer composition, high current densities can be sustained without sacrificing selectivity or durability.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers in Energy·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in southern ocean

Researchers discovered antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus saprophyticus in the Southern Ocean, showing complete resistance to multiple antibiotics. The study highlights the need for greater awareness of human impact on pristine ecosystems like Antarctica, which may exacerbate public health issues through the food chain.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalSystems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Reliance on administrative billing codes to track medical conditions can lead to high diagnostic error rates

Researchers found that billing codes may mistakenly identify diseases in up to 45% of cases, highlighting a significant limitation in using administrative data for clinical research. The study examined records of 1.36 million patients and found discrepancies between coded diagnoses and actual disease presence.

Study shows DNA regulatory switch prompts stem cells to give rise to blood

A new study has found that TAF1 operates as a key molecular switch in adult hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and lineage commitment. This discovery challenges prevailing models of gene regulation and has the potential to lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting the molecule, which could improve blood production and transplantation.

SourceUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine·JournalDevelopmental Cell·DateJul 24, 2025

Answer ALS Launches AI drug development collaboration with Tulane, Pennington Biomedical Research Center and GATC Health to advance ALS treatment discovery

Answer ALS is launching a groundbreaking collaboration with Tulane University and the Pennington Biomedical Research Center to harness AI for ALS treatment discovery. The Louisiana AI Drug Development Infrastructure for ALS (LADDIA) will prioritize therapeutic targets using AI-driven insights from the Answer ALS' Neuromine Data Portal.

Improving colorectal cancer prevention and treatment for Black Americans

Colorectal cancer claims more lives in Black communities than any other racial group, with incidence and mortality rates about 20% and 30% higher respectively. A new review by UCLA researchers highlights the need for equal access to screening, diagnosis, and treatment to eliminate these disparities.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalNature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology·DateJul 24, 2025

Astronomers discover star-shredding black holes hiding in dusty galaxies

Researchers have discovered star-shredding black holes in dusty galaxies, confirming that these events are powered by dormant black hole accretion. The study uses the James Webb Space Telescope to detect clear fingerprints of black hole activity in four galaxies, revealing key differences between active and dormant black holes.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Letters·DateJul 24, 2025

Shedding light on why immunotherapy sometimes fails

Researchers found that certain antibodies can reduce antitumor immune cells, highlighting the need to consider ADCC activity when designing or selecting ICI therapeutics. This study could help improve cancer treatment by engineering antibodies that avoid damaging essential immune cells.

SourceChiba University·JournalInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

New study reveals critical link between neighborhood violence, youth fighting, and perceived firearm availability

A new study reveals a significant association between neighborhood firearm violence exposure and adolescents' perceived ability to obtain a firearm outside the home. Fighting behavior was found to mediate 32% of the relationship, highlighting the layered risks faced by youth in high-violence settings.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Nursing·JournalAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine·DateJul 24, 2025

Breakthrough engineered enzyme for recycling of PET bottle and blended fibers at moderate temperatures

Researchers have engineered a novel enzyme, PET2-21M, to enhance the biodegradation of bottle-grade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics. This breakthrough offers a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional recycling processes, achieving significant improvements in catalytic activity and substrate efficiency.

SourceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences·JournalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Highly thermal conductive and electromagnetic shielding polymer nanocomposites from waste masks

Researchers have developed a novel polymer nanocomposite from COVID-19 waste masks, achieving record-high thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. The closed-loop upcycling strategy reduces environmental impact and cost, paving the way for sustainable electronics and circular economy applications.

SourceShanghai Jiao Tong University Journal Center·JournalNano-Micro Letters·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Lipidomics study identifies cardiolipin dysregulation as a potential therapeutic target for bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy

A groundbreaking study found significant mitochondrial cardiolipin dysregulation in patients with bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy. The researchers identified diosmin as a promising candidate for targeting this condition, providing new avenues for therapeutic intervention.

SourceFAR Publishing Limited·JournalCurrent Pharmaceutical Analysis·DateJul 24, 2025

Can proactive assisted gene flow save Caribbean and Floridian corals?

Coral reefs face severe threats from climate change and heat stress. Researchers are turning to assisted gene flow (AGF) to restore genetic diversity and boost resilience. International collaboration and revisions to conservation laws are necessary to proactively expand AGF efforts, safeguarding and restoring coral reef ecosystems.

Study finds large language models (LLMs) use stigmatizing language about individuals with alcohol and substance use disorders

A new study by Mass General Brigham found that over 35% of responses from large language models contained stigmatizing language related to alcohol- and substance use-related conditions. However, targeted prompts can reduce this language substantially. The authors recommend using patient-centered language to build trust with patients.

SourceMass General Brigham·JournalJournal of Addiction Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateJul 24, 2025

Fully π-conjugated carbon nanobelts: Synthetic breakthroughs and electronic innovation

Researchers from NUS develop non-alternant carbon nanobelts featuring five-membered cyclopentadienyl units, allowing for improved electron flow and new electronic properties. The novel structures emit bright red light and exhibit small energy gaps, making them suitable for organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells.

SourceNational University of Singapore·JournalNature Synthesis·TypeExperimental study·DateJul 24, 2025

Protecting immune cells from exhaustion

A team of researchers led by Simona Stäger identified IRF-5 as a guardian of T cell metabolism and mitochondrial function. The discovery provides new strategies for boosting immunity to chronic infections or cancers, where T cell exhaustion is observed. IRF-5's role in preserving immune cell energy could play a key role in this approach.

SourceInstitut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS·JournalThe EMBO Journal·TypeNews article·DateJul 24, 2025

New methods show how fast breast cancers grow and how surgery delays affect cancer staging

Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have provided a detailed assessment of how fast breast cancers grow in patients and how surgical delays may affect breast cancer staging. The study found that upstaging rates associated with delays are relatively small and consistent with prior data.

SourceTemple University Health System·JournalAnnals of Surgical Oncology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJul 24, 2025