Researchers at INSERM have identified CD98hc as a crucial molecule involved in maintaining skin homeostasis, which is essential for tissue function and regeneration. Removing the gene CD98hc disrupts skin balance and healing processes, leading to faults in cell proliferation, migration, and hair follicle cycles.
Researchers identified significant sections of the dystrophin gene that could provide hope to young patients and families with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The discovery found a 'claw' in the gene that brings nNOS to the muscle cell membrane, preventing damage and potentially leading to treatments.
A study of 1,560 adult male twins identified six distinct trajectories of alcohol use, differing in level of use, rate of increase during adolescence, and persistence into adulthood. Novelty seeking and risk factors such as peer deviance, ADHD symptoms, and genetic risk were found to predict these trajectories.
A study of 228 cases of misconduct reported by the US Office of Research Integrity found that males committed 65% of the fraud, with higher rates among faculty and senior researchers. The study's findings suggest a need for increased ethics training for scientists at all levels.
A new study suggests that maintaining a healthy environment for haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is more effective than targeting leukaemia stem cells (LSCs). This approach could lead to earlier and more targeted treatment of leukaemia by reducing competition between healthy and cancerous cells.
A team of European experts, led by Newcastle University, has designed blast-proof technologies to reduce debris and protect passengers in the event of a bomb attack. The new technology is being incorporated into European and national standards, aiming to save lives and prevent terrorist attacks on railways.
Lowland tapirs, the largest terrestrial mammal in South America, have been found thriving in a protected area spanning five national parks. Camera trap data reveals higher abundance under protection than outside, and estimates at least 14,500 individuals exist, making it one of the continent's most important strongholds for conservation.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research discovered that antibodies are essential for dendritic cell maturation, a process critical to the immune response against pathogens. The study highlights the complex interplay between innate and acquired immunity, showing how antibodies facilitate communication between immune cells.
Scientists at the University at Buffalo have created a new method to produce hydrogen using silicon particles and water. This reaction produces hydrogen nearly instantaneously without requiring light, heat or electricity, offering a potential source of energy for fuel cells.
Hydraulically fractured natural gas wells in the Marcellus shale region produce about 35% as much wastewater per unit of gas recovered as conventional wells. The total amount of wastewater has increased by 570% since 2004, threatening to overwhelm the region's wastewater-disposal infrastructure capacity.
The 25th Annual Legislative Update provides a comprehensive review of new legal and regulatory issues affecting advanced nursing practice across the US. APRNs have improved access to care in several states despite challenges from medical boards, and efforts continue to standardize laws and regulations.
Glaciers in the tropical Andes have been retreating at an increasing rate since the 1970s, with a 30-50% shrinkage since then. Climate change is blamed for this rapid melting, which could affect water supply to Andean populations.
A new study published in BMC Microbiology reveals that children with eczema have a more diverse set of bacteria in their guts than healthy children. The types of bacteria present were also more typical of adult gut microbes, suggesting an early change towards adult-type bacteria may be a risk factor for eczema.
Tropical Storm Oswald weakened over land in the southwestern Cape York Peninsula of Queenstown, Australia, with maximum sustained winds dropping from 35 knots to 25 knots. The storm brought thunderstorms, heavy rainfall, and gusts up to 90 kph, posing a threat to locations including Aurukun, Weipa, and Cooktown.
A recent study by University of Texas Medical Branch researchers found that BPA substitute BPS disrupts cellular responses to estrogen, changing patterns of cell growth and death and hormone release. The study showed that low levels of BPS exposure can have similar effects as BPA, posing a concern for human health.
A study using rodents found that binge-like drinking can cause damage to the hippocampus after 24 hours, indicated by increased expression of vimentin brain protein. Chronic drinking is known to have detrimental health effects, and this research provides new insights into the threshold for alcohol-induced brain damage.
This special issue of Evolutionary Applications delves into the evolutionary principles underlying cancer, including natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift. Key findings highlight the diversity of cancer types and how environmental factors, such as tobacco availability, contribute to our vulnerability.
Researchers found that gestational brain changes cause behavioral problems later in life, similar to the human disease. The UB study proposes a genomic explanation for schizophrenia, identifying the Integrative Nuclear FGFR 1 Signaling pathway as a central intersection point.
Researchers from Royal Holloway have found that Brazilians and Chileans prefer government purchasing decisions based on social and environmental criteria rather than just price. The study's findings were well-received by policy makers, who are now exploring ways to implement these changes.
A multi-center Phase III clinical trial demonstrates that Abraxane plus gemcitabine extends survival of late-stage pancreatic cancer patients compared to standard treatment. The study showed a 59 percent increase in one-year median survival rates and a doubling of two-year survival to 9%.
A new study assesses global land and water grabbing, revealing its impact on food security in impoverished countries and the environment. The phenomenon has intensified due to rising world food prices, with Africa and Asia accounting for most grabbed area.
Researchers used a CSIRO radio telescope to measure the temperature of an unnamed galaxy 7.2 billion light-years away, finding it was 5.08 Kelvin (-267.92 degrees Celsius). This confirms the Big Bang theory's prediction that the Universe's temperature drops smoothly as it expands.
A bacterial supplement containing lipid-producing Rhodococcus opacus increased circulating triglycerides in weanling pigs, providing an alternative source of energy. This could help strengthen the immune system and fight off infections more efficiently during a critical stage of development.
Researchers at TUM developed a cost-effective process to improve CMOS sensor performance using ultra-thin organic films. Spray-coating was found to be the most effective method, resulting in up to three times more sensitivity to light than conventional sensors.
Researchers have developed a new technique to identify abnormal tau proteins associated with repetitive head injuries, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and tracking of brain disorders. The study used PET scans to detect elevated levels of FDDNP in the brains of five retired NFL players.
New research published in Psychological Science found that public campaigns urging Americans to think and act interdependently may actually decrease motivation for action. In contrast, Asian American students' behavior was not affected by emphasis on interdependence.
Scientists unveil the biochemistry of a unique microbial community living together in a cold sulfur spring, revealing symbiotic relationships between archaea and bacteria. The study uses synchrotron infrared to identify metabolic activities and protein structures, shedding light on a previously unknown lifestyle.
UCI-led studies reveal cellular mechanism governing day-night pattern, identifying novel compounds that control energy metabolism. The findings point to potential treatments for metabolic disorders, cancer and aging.
Researchers have found a nearly eight-fold increased risk of death from cocaine abuse due to interactions between specific gene variants and cocaine exposure. The variants affect dopamine modulation in the brain, which is also targeted by medications for psychiatric disorders.
A study published in Brain and Language found that the anatomy of certain brain areas in infants can predict their language abilities at 1 year old. Infants with greater gray and white matter in the cerebellum and hippocampus showed improved language skills.
A study by the University of Arizona and USDA found that plants can adapt their water demand to changing climate conditions, but this resilience has a limit. Prolonged droughts threaten the survival of plant communities, especially in sensitive environments like arid grasslands.
A study found that men are more likely to engage in research misconduct, with senior scientists committing the most. The disparity suggests that factors beyond experience and training contribute to the problem.
Marwan Krunz, a professor at the University of Arizona, has been named a distinguished lecturer by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for his research on optimal resource allocation and adaptive control. He will share his expertise on dynamic spectrum access models to overcome wireless spectrum shortages.
Researchers aim to show a direct link between insomnia treatment and reduced suicidal thinking, with 138 adults enrolled over four years. The study assesses patient response to treating insomnia strategically as a focus of care, using sleeping pills like zolpidem alongside antidepressants.
A 12,000-year-old fossil record suggests the Antarctic Peninsula's ice sheet was more vulnerable to collapse due to atmospheric warming than oceanic circulation. The study also found cyclic patterns in late Holocene atmospheric warming linked to El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon.
Research at Yale School of Medicine shows that patients are at high risk of readmission for a broad spectrum of medical conditions within the first month after hospital discharge. The study found that readmissions were frequent and resulted from different medical conditions than the initial hospitalization.
Researchers aim to explore the mysteries of Alfvèn waves, fueling the Sun's heat and magnetic influence on planets. The study uses advanced simulations and observational data from NASA's Hinode solar observatory and Swedish Solar Telescope.
Gay black males struggle to cope with racism, homophobia, and sexism, carrying a special stigma that affects their self-image. Targeted interventions involving biological fathers or father figures can help families navigate this unexpected reality.
A recent study discovered that a lack of proteins Bax and Bak in immune cells can lead to severe autoimmune disease. The research suggests that these proteins play a crucial role in regulating cell death, and their deficiency may be linked to diseases such as type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus.
Newborns require gentle and careful skin care to prevent infection and irritation. The Mayo Clinic suggests bathing every other day, using warm water only a few inches deep, and selecting mild cleansers without dyes or fragrances.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people tend to consume nearly 40% more food when primed with messages about tough times. When told the food was low-calorie, they consumed 25% less, highlighting a survival instinct for high-calorie foods.
A new study from Ohio State University found a strong link between latent herpes virus reactivation and heart disease, particularly in patients who have suffered a heart attack. The researchers detected elevated levels of inflammatory proteins and antibodies to the EBV-encoded viral protein dUTPase in these patients.
A new multiple gene expression profile test can predict the presence of harmful BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in otherwise healthy women. The test showed a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 88%, and has the potential to replace expensive sequencing tests, making it an affordable option for high-risk carriers.
A study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that women with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are at higher risk of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. The study analyzed data from over 26,000 women in Taiwan and found an increased risk of end-stage renal disease among those with preeclamps...
Researchers discovered that interfering with Hexokinase-2 reduces medulloblastoma's aggressiveness and allows long-term survival in mice. The enzyme plays a key role in aerobic glycolysis, a process also used by rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells.
A recent study by Michael O'Brien and colleagues found that certain climate change terms entered the popular vocabulary at varying rates, with some gaining popularity in a few years and others taking decades. The study analyzed word usage in popular literature using Google's Ngram database and suggests that better science communication...
Scientists at the University of Missouri are working on a $3.4 million NIH project to create next-generation antiviral therapies by targeting the elusive HIV enzyme RNase H. The goal is to be ready for evolving resistant strains before they emerge, offering new treatment options.
The study found that the new diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is unlikely to be much higher in prevalence than the combined diagnoses of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence. Additionally, the genetic etiology of AUD is largely consistent with that of AA and AD, suggesting that heritable influences are shared across all three conditions.
Researchers discovered that high-density bands in photoreceptor outer segments are more susceptible to breakage due to their rigidity. This finding supports the idea that mutations causing rhodopsin aggregation can destabilize the outer segment, leading to cell death and blindness.
Researchers found that plant water demand fluctuates in response to water availability, but may eventually approach a threshold that limits production. The study suggests that ecosystem resilience will decline as regions experience continued warming and drying trends.
A recent study from Brigham Young University found that 15 percent of tweets contain accurate location information, which could aid in tracking disease outbreaks. The researchers used this data to demonstrate the potential of Twitter-based monitoring systems for public health.
Daniel Callahan proposes a controversial approach to fighting obesity by stigmatizing overweight individuals in a way that minimizes the risk of discrimination. He suggests that 'stigmatization lite' could be an effective strategy, as people who are overweight consider the threat of discrimination as a danger to be avoided.
A two-year observational follow-up of the REDUCE trial found that dutasteride treatment was associated with a lower incidence of new prostate cancers. The study, published in The Journal of Urology, showed that men taking dutasteride had fewer prostate cancer diagnoses compared to those receiving a placebo.
Researchers found that bisphenol A reduces testosterone production and causes testicular hormone imbalances in human fetal testicles. The study suggests a link between BPA exposure and reproductive issues, including low sperm count and increased risk of testicular cancer.
The 2013 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium revealed new advances in treating and prophesizing gastrointestinal cancers. The symposium presented five important studies, including a Phase III clinical trial showing that postoperative treatment with S-1 chemotherapy reduces relapses and extends survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.
A Johns Hopkins study identified a rare gene mutation in a single family with a high rate of schizophrenia, suggesting that abnormal genes play a role in the disease. The researchers found that the mutated gene led to abnormal activity and brain cell abnormalities.
Researchers found a protective association between beta carotene and type-2 diabetes risk in individuals carrying a common genetic predisposition. In contrast, gamma tocopherol was linked to an increased risk of the disease. The study suggests that protein SLC30A4 may play a crucial role in insulin regulation.
A study published in the Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care found that Mexican-origin patients with HIV often used complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) to support their health and alleviate symptoms. Healthcare providers need to learn about CAM benefits and risks and teach patients to report CAM use to develop e...
Researchers at the University of Illinois have made a groundbreaking discovery in the study of enterococcal cytolysin, a 'virulence factor' that kills human cells. The enzyme responsible for its formation was found to produce distinctly different ring structures with unusual stereochemistries.
A team of researchers found that equipping people with disabilities with broadband technology can benefit society and reduce financial burdens on taxpayers. Building public-private partnerships to promote broadband access can help close the technological gap and empower individuals with disabilities.