A Stanford-led study reveals that mammals can manipulate sex ratios of their offspring to produce extra grandchildren. Females and grandmothers strategically choose sons over daughters to increase reproductive success.
A large prospective study by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center scientists confirms the link between high blood concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and an increased risk of prostate cancer. High-grade prostate cancer tumors are more likely to be fatal, and the study found a 71% higher risk for high-grade prostate cancer.
Scientists at the University of Adelaide have created a novel structure that traps terahertz waves in tiny holes to produce higher contrast imaging. This breakthrough has the potential to enhance the sensitivity of medical diagnostic and security scanners, leading to more accurate cancer detection and improved homeland security.
Researchers found that acoustic features of music influence walkers' stride length and speed, regardless of tempo. Participants who walked to faster-paced music were more likely to rate it as bad or aggressive.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that children with high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in their cord blood are more likely to develop respiratory and skin allergies. The researchers discovered that omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs were particularly associated with an increased risk of allergy development.
Researchers found radioimmunotherapy using 177Lu-DOTA-rituximab to be highly effective in treating relapsing follicular, mantle cell, and other indolent B-cell lymphomas. The treatment resulted in high tumor response rates and was well-tolerated, with toxicity mainly being hematologic.
A systematic review found that delaying umbilical cord clamping after birth improves newborn iron levels and overall health. Babies with delayed cord clamping had higher haemoglobin levels and were less likely to be iron-deficient.
Researchers tracked thresher shark activity and analyzed instances of tail-slapping to stun or kill sardines. The study highlights the diversity of shark hunting strategies in the ocean, where top predators adapt to prey's evasion behaviors.
The US is losing ground in health outcomes to other countries, with mental and behavioral disorders, musculoskeletal problems, and neurological conditions causing significant disability. Chronic disability now accounts for nearly half of all health loss in the US.
A study of 191 patients found that ADHD-related impulsivity worsens the prognosis for adults with eating disorders, particularly those with bulimia and binge-eating disorders. The research also identified age and low self-direction as risk factors for developing an eating disorder.
Research challenges conventional wisdom on giant sea creatures in polar seas, suggesting that large body sizes have an advantage in cold conditions by regulating oxygen uptake. This allows them to survive in environments with limited oxygen availability, contrary to the long-held idea that a superabundance of oxygen drives gigantism.
Researchers develop a new way to rapidly produce high-strength metallic alloys, with potential applications in transport and medical devices. The breakthrough uses Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) system with integrated gas quenching mechanism.
A low-cost system developed by NTU can track multiple fingers and objects on various surfaces, transforming existing flat-panel TVs into interactive display screens. The system has been proven on different types of large surfaces and is expected to revolutionize the way we interact with digital content.
A new study reveals that fear of deportation is lower among farmworkers who receive medical care from community health centers and faith-based organizations. Key factors influencing medical service use include trusted community health organizations and local church connections.
Seven graduate students and one undergraduate received prestigious poster awards for their research on Caenorhabditis elegans, a model organism used to study human biology and disease. The winners will receive cash prizes, certificates, and a complimentary one-year extension to their GSA membership.
Researchers propose targeted cloud brightening as a means to lower sea temperatures and reduce coral bleaching. The technique, which involves seeding marine clouds with tiny seawater droplets, could provide a 50-year reprieve for coral reefs threatened by acidification and warming.
A study by Royal Holloway University found that victims of forced marriage are hesitant to seek help because they fear cultural misunderstanding. Researchers call for mandatory training on culturally sensitive issues to support victims and improve outcomes.
Researchers at UCSF discovered changes in intestinal bacteria can perpetuate inflammation triggered by HIV, linked to chronic diseases such as heart disease, dementia, and obesity. The study suggests manipulating microbial populations could be a promising strategy to restore gut health and potentially treat HIV.
A recent study found significant disparities in major depression rates among senior citizens from different ethnic groups. Whites and blacks of Caribbean descent experience higher rates of depression than African-Americans, highlighting the need for tailored diagnoses and treatment approaches.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a new solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) design that increases efficiency to a record 15% without sacrificing stability. This breakthrough overcomes the inherent voltage loss of traditional DSSCs and opens a new era for DSSC development.
A team of scientists identified a protein that induces membrane curvature in thylakoids, enabling the formation of stacks. The CURT1 protein enhances photosynthesis efficiency by increasing the degree of stacking and potentially boosting crop yields.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute found that MDPV, a stimulant in 'bath salts', can induce strong cravings and repetitive behaviors similar to those seen in methamphetamine users. The study suggests MDPV may be more addictive than methamphetamine, with rats working harder to obtain the drug.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new method to trap light that could find applications in lasers, solar cells, and fiber optics. The phenomenon involves destructive interference from waves of opposite phases, blocking certain wavelengths while allowing others to pass through.
The BrightFocus Foundation has awarded $7.2 million in grants to 53 scientists conducting research on Alzheimer's, glaucoma, and macular degeneration. The funded projects focus on imaging technology, gene therapy, and cell regeneration to better understand disease development and potential new therapies.
Researchers have developed a concept to improve cancer drug delivery using nanoparticles that concentrate and expand in acidic environments. The concept involves using nanoparticles made of weak polybases that expand when transported into environments mimicking tumor cells, accumulating long enough to deliver anticancer drugs.
In early mammalian development, embryonic cells undergo a battle for survival between days 3 and 7. Cells with higher levels of Myc protein eliminate those with lower levels through an optimization mechanism. This study reveals that this process does not waste cellular resources but instead benefits the embryo.
Researchers developed an integrated global energy system to assess the cost-effectiveness of BECCS for meeting stringent temperature targets. They found that implementing BECCS on a large scale can reduce temperature increases to as low as 1.5°C by 2150.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source found that vitamin D deficiency not only reduces bone mineralization but also induces premature aging of existing bone. This accelerates the risk of fractures in patients with vitamin D deficiency.
Rates of severe depression fell significantly among older adults between 1998 and 2008, particularly among those aged 80-84, with late middle agers experiencing increased depression symptoms. Despite this trend, a significant percentage of the population continues to experience severe symptoms.
Dr. Partho Sengupta presented the first-ever hologram presentation at the ASE's 2013 24th Annual Scientific Sessions, utilizing 3D digital images and expert interview recordings to analyze cardiovascular system structure, function, and flow patterns. This innovative presentation format was made possible through collaborative efforts of...
The overuse of antibiotics in livestock and poultry poses a significant risk to human health, according to experts. A growing body of evidence suggests that routine antibiotic use in animal feed can worsen the epidemic of antibiotic resistance, with many public health authorities agreeing that it is a major concern.
A new study by University of Nebraska-Lincoln political scientist Sergio Wals found that Mexican immigrants tend to be centrist or center-right in their political ideologies. Despite historical trends showing the Hispanic vote going Democratic, Wals' research reveals a more diverse political landscape among Mexican immigrants.
Researchers found that excessive PKC beta in endothelial cells exacerbates atherosclerosis, a condition where blood vessel walls thicken due to fatty deposits. This inhibition leads to decreased nitric oxide production, increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
Researchers found that men use heavy terms like 'hammered' for moderate intoxication, while women use lighter terms like 'buzzed.' These findings suggest tailored measures for prevention and intervention could be effective. The study's results have implications for how we perceive and communicate intoxicated states, particularly among ...
A new study by Dr. Jordan Mallon reveals that large plant-eating dinosaurs specialized in eating different types of vegetation to coexist successfully. The research, which analyzed nearly 100 dinosaur skulls, supports the concept of niche partitioning and provides insight into the ecological roles of these ancient creatures.
Consuming artificial sweeteners has been associated with an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Regular consumption can also lead to altered brain activation patterns and overindulgence in high-calorie foods.
A study of 9,000 preschoolers found that those with shorter than average sleep times had higher rates of 'externalizing' behavior problems. The researchers recommend discussing steps to improve sleep habits for children with behavior problems.
NREL's innovations in solar, vehicles and energy efficiency have earned three prestigious R&D 100 Awards. The Image Processing Occupancy Sensor (IPOS) detects heat loss in electric-vehicle batteries with greater accuracy, while high-efficiency silicon solar cells offer improved conversion rates.
A study led by a University of Arizona ecologist found that many species evolve too slowly to adapt to the rapid climate change expected in the next 100 years. Terrestrial vertebrate species appear to evolve too slowly to be able to adapt to the dramatically warmer climate expected by 2100.
Researchers develop a self-contained toilet unit that can treat 1200 users' daily fecal waste using supercritical water oxidation technology. The process produces clean water, heat, and excess energy, making it a sustainable solution for communities in developing countries.
A study of data from Scotland found that abortion was a strong risk factor for subsequent preterm birth in the 1980s, but this link weakened and disappeared over the next 20 years. Modern methods of abortion reduced the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.
Researchers found that participants with cheerful temperaments had a one-third reduction in coronary events, with those at highest risk experiencing nearly a 50% decrease. The study's findings suggest a general sense of well-being can have an actual effect on disease and may lead to better health outcomes.
Researchers developed a new open-source platform to analyze and visualize visual fields, enabling transparent collaboration among independent labs. The platform contains analytical and visualization tools, including methods for glaucoma detection, and can be used for experimentation and research.
University of Illinois bioengineers find way to permanently modify silicone polymer surface with organic material, resulting in stable adhesion for several months. The method enables practical applications in cell culture platforms, microfluidic devices, and tissue engineering.
The lack of transparency in clinical trials has been criticized by Ben Goldacre, who calls for the sharing of Clinical Study Reports to ensure informed decisions about medicines. The problem of missing trials is one of the greatest ethical challenges facing medicine today.
Patients who survived acetaminophen overdose have significantly lower overall health, reporting more days of impaired mental and physical health, pain, anxiety, and depression. The study also found that these patients had higher rates of substance abuse and psychiatric disease compared to non-overdose survivors and transplant recipients.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology found that women with mild cognitive impairment experience higher rates of cognitive decline than men, while all women exhibit greater regional brain loss over time. The study's authors suggest that hormonal differences may play a role in these findings.
A new study published in Foot & Ankle International found a 28.8% decline in lower extremity amputations over the past decade, with advances in diabetic foot ulcer treatments contributing to this decrease. The number of orthopaedic claims for diabetic foot ulcers rose 143.3% during the same period.
A new Cornell University study found US intelligence agents exhibit larger biases in decision making and are more confident than college students. The results suggest that experience can enhance performance but also lead to predictable pitfalls in risky decision-making.
Researchers from NC State University developed techniques to create free-standing structures made of liquid metal at room temperature. They discovered that a liquid metal alloy reacts with oxygen in the air to form a skin, allowing the structures to retain their shapes.
Researchers used MFC and RQ-PCR to monitor minimal residual disease in patients with Ph+ ALL, finding that a negative reading was associated with prolonged survival. The study suggests that these technologies may be effective in predicting patient outcomes and guiding treatment decisions.
A study published in JAMA found that daily soy protein supplementation for two years did not reduce or delay the development of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. In fact, the supplement may even accelerate the onset of recurrence by a few weeks.
A new UCSF project creates choirs for seniors in San Francisco to assess the impact of singing on cognitive, mobility, and overall wellbeing. The study aims to provide scientific-based evidence that community arts programs can promote health among older adults.
Researchers have found quantifiable differences in brain structure among children with sensory processing disorders (SPD), which are often overlooked and misunderstood. The study provides a potential biological basis for the disease, using advanced MRI techniques to examine white matter tracts in the brain.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have demonstrated recording and retrieval processes of five-dimensional digital data in nanostructured glass using femtosecond laser writing. The data storage allows for unprecedented parameters, including high data capacity and thermal stability.
According to scientists, cat feces carry an infectious parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii that has linked to various diseases and even mental health issues. The accumulation of oocysts in soil, grass, and water may be a significant public health problem, prompting calls for better cat population control.
Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has named 17 new Fellows, awarding over $2.7 million in grants to early-career researchers conducting innovative cancer research. The recipients will work on novel projects aiming to develop more effective treatments for various cancers.
Scientists have discovered a new species of armored catfish, Pareiorhina hyptiorhachis, in the Rio Paraíba do Sul basin, Brazil. The newly described species is one of the smallest representatives of the catfish order, measuring only about 3-3.5 cm in length.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital have successfully integrated robotic ultrasound into kidney cancer surgery, providing direct control for the surgeon. This technology has been shown to reduce the need for assistant guidance and improve precision in measuring tumors from certain angles.
Researchers at University at Buffalo found that estrogen protects female stress resilience, but damages male working memory. The study, published in Molecular Psychiatry, suggests that estrogen hormone produced in the brain may be responsible for this difference.