A study by UC San Diego engineers found that dirty solar panels in California lost only 7.4% of their efficiency after 145 days without cleaning, resulting in a mere $20 gain in electricity production. For larger systems, the financial losses are still relatively small.
Researchers create metamaterials with unprecedented properties by mimicking the structures of geckoes' toes and mother of pearl. These materials could lead to improved aircraft coatings and other innovative applications.
George Tsokos, MD, has received a prestigious MERIT Award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for his longstanding work investigating molecular T-cell defects underlying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The funding will support his project and provide insights into disease diagnosis and therapeutic targets.
Scientists have made significant strides in harnessing the properties of resilin, a natural protein that enables insects to flap their wings and jump. Resilin has been modified for use in diagnostics, engineered to act like human cartilage, and developed into hybrid materials for cardiovascular applications.
Researchers at NYU-Poly used bio-inspired robots to study fear responses in zebrafish, finding that alcohol can modulate these reactions. The findings may lead to new methodologies for understanding anxiety and developing substances that alter emotions.
Scientists have made progress in developing a device to produce highly pure ethylene from ethanol with high efficiency and low cost. The fluidized bed reactor shows great significance for promoting economic development.
The latest issue of the Journal of Integrated Pest Management features articles on controlling corn earworms, beetles, and other pest management issues. The Research Program for Deployed Warfighter Protection also highlights its accomplishments in developing new public health pesticides and repellent systems.
A Baylor University study found that Southerners are generally less trusting, but trusting individuals are more likely to cooperate in pro-environmental efforts. The study suggests that targeted messaging may be effective in engaging Southern Republicans in conservation efforts.
A recent study found that oxytocin improves social interaction interpretation in both men and women, but with distinct effects on kinship vs. competition for each sex. Men's competitive relationships improved with oxytocin, while women's kinship identification enhanced, highlighting the hormone's impact on sex-specific social behaviors.
A new study found that tiny silicon crystals caused no health problems in monkeys three months after large doses were injected. The crystals, known as quantum dots, are promising for diagnostic imaging in humans due to their ability to absorb and emit light in the near-infrared spectrum.
A retrospective study from Cleveland Clinic found that patients who underwent stenting of the carotid artery followed by open heart surgery had the best outcomes. The researchers compared three common treatment approaches and found that this combination had significantly lower risks of serious events after one year.
A study of over 2,500 students found that higher GPA, fulltime enrollment status, black race, a higher number of transfer credits, and expected family contribution are key predictors of graduation. The findings challenge traditional assumptions about improving university graduation rates.
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique detect deviations in B meson decay consistent with New Physics predictions. The findings suggest the existence of a new particle, Zprima, which could explain dark matter and gravitational interactions.
A novel approach has been developed to scan the entire genome, allowing researchers to better understand the effect of genetic variants on protein translation. This method could lead to the development of biomarkers for personalized medicine and new therapies for complex diseases such as diabetes and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that moving attention fluidly and orienting to social information are not key components of autism. Children with high-functioning autism and those without autism showed similar signatures in shifting attention and responding to social stimuli.
Researchers found that keeping a secret can change the way people interact with others, leading to more deceptive behavior among friends and superficial positivity towards acquaintances. Additionally, high neuroticism and low conscientiousness are consistently associated with increased risk of obesity across various samples. Confrontin...
The ITN has made its clinical trial data and analysis code publicly available through the TrialShare portal, allowing researchers to access raw study data, confirm published conclusions, and perform interactive analyses. This move aims to enhance scientific collaboration and speed up the sharing of research results.
Researchers discovered a novel protein called ceramide-1 phosphate transport protein (CPTP), which regulates biologically active lipids and plays a role in cell signaling. The study sheds light on the cellular mechanisms contributing to diseases like cancer, asthma, and thrombosis.
A new study published in Nature reveals that at least a few non-avian dinosaurs had brains as large or larger than those of Archaeopteryx, indicating they may have had the neurological hardwiring necessary for flight. This challenges the idea that Archaeopteryx was uniquely transitional between feathered dinosaurs and modern birds.
A UC Irvine study has found that breath analysis may be an accurate way to quickly determine the severity of bacterial infections. The researchers correlated inflammation levels in laboratory mice with carbon monoxide and other gases in breath samples, making carbon monoxide a reliable biomarker for infection presence and intensity.
A study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics found new genetic variants that protect against human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, also increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease. These variants were most common in Fulani pastoralist groups living in western and central Africa.
Chemists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a new method for parallel protein analysis, detecting hundreds or thousands of different proteins. The test strips bearing gold nano-particles can identify specific proteins in tiny samples, making it suitable for rapid disease diagnosis and environmental toxin detection.
Researchers have discovered a quantum unit of photon absorption, dubbed 'AQ', that is general to all 2D semiconductors. This discovery could lead to exotic new optoelectronic and photonic technologies.
A new study published in American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology reveals that ethnicity-based birth weight charts are more accurate than traditional population-based standards. These charts can help identify small but healthy babies, reducing parental anxiety and unnecessary healthcare costs.
The Saving Lives at Birth partnership has announced 22 Round 3 award nominees for innovative solutions to prevent infant and maternal deaths. These nominees present cutting-edge technologies and innovative approaches to delivering services, including family planning, nutrition, and HIV prevention.
The journal Ecosystem Services presents a special issue on mapping and modelling ecosystem services, integrating geo-biophysical processes to understand supply and ecological functions. The integration of methods like thematic mapping, GIS, and dynamic models provides insights into actual service demand and consumption.
A new study by the NIH-funded Immune Tolerance Network found that rituximab is as effective as standard therapy in inducing and maintaining disease remission in people with severe forms of vasculitis. The drug requires shorter treatment duration, reducing the risk of long-term side effects such as cancer, infertility, and infection.
Researchers from UT Austin successfully spoofed an $80 million yacht at sea using a custom-made GPS device. The team demonstrated that spoofing attacks can be carried out covertly and with significant difficulty in detecting, posing a serious threat to marine vessels and other forms of transportation.
A team of researchers discovered that resonance frequency matching, alignment of the magnetic field, and impedance matching are crucial for efficient wireless power transfer. This technology could enable dynamic charging of electric vehicles on highways, increasing their driving ranges indefinitely.
Bartke, a renowned gerontologist, has made groundbreaking contributions to understanding aging and longevity. His work on the growth hormone/IGF/insulin axis pathway has significantly advanced our knowledge of this complex process.
A NASA technologist has developed a fully automated tool, the Evolutionary Mission Trajectory Generator (EMTG), that gives mission planners detailed directions for efficiently steering spacecraft to distant interplanetary destinations. The tool can calculate multiple trajectories in minutes, reducing the time required to design missions.
Researchers identified two genes, HKDC1 and BACE2, associated with glucose and insulin levels in pregnant women but not in the general population. This study suggests that genetic risk profiles could one day identify individuals at elevated risk for developing gestational diabetes.
University of Alberta researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding prion protein interactions, paving the way for designing molecules that can block prion infection. The discovery opens up possibilities for treating human victims and preventing livestock diseases such as BSE.
The TESS mission will map the locations of over 500 transiting exoplanets, including small planets around bright stars. This is the first time NASA has studied a large number of small planets with advanced instruments.
Wilson has been recognized for her work in translating research into practical application and policy, particularly through the Healthy IDEAS project, which improves outcomes for mental health conditions among older adults. She is also a leader in promoting social worker competencies to promote older adults' well-being.
The giant water bug Lethocerus patruelis is the largest European true bug, reaching lengths of up to 8cm. It has a powerful hunting tool that involves injecting strong digestive saliva into its prey.
VCU physicists have discovered the theoretical possibility of creating large, hollow magnetic cage molecules that could be used for targeted non-invasive drug delivery. The molecules, which are larger than the original Buckminster fullerene, carry giant magnetic moments and could serve as effective vehicles for delivering drugs to tumors.
Scientists have mapped out the biochemical pathway responsible for manufacturing glycoalkaloids in plants, which are toxic substances found in potatoes and other edible plants. The research could facilitate breeding of toxin-free crops and development of new crop varieties.
Scientists suggest that Costa Rica's largest stratovolcano, Irazú, erupted in the 1960s due to magma rising from the mantle over a few months, rather than thousands of years. This fast-rising magma could provide an early warning tool for detecting oncoming volcanic disasters.
Using a device that detects molecules in real-time, researchers can now observe biomolecule interactions in a sample of water. This technology has major implications for medicine, enabling scientists to study proteins, medicines, and cells with unprecedented precision.
A new mouse model study reveals that interleukin-17 can stabilize atherosclerotic plaques by promoting their stability. This discovery provides crucial information on the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis and may lead to the development of new therapies.
Researchers discovered a biological mechanism that preserves intestinal tracts in mice treated with lethal doses of chemotherapy, increasing survival rates by up to 75%. The findings could revolutionize cancer therapy by allowing humans to tolerate stronger doses of chemotherapy and radiation, potentially curing later-stage metastasize...
Researchers at the University of Luxembourg's LCSB have developed a computational model that accurately predicts cell reprogramming, eliminating the need for stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to treatments for diseases like Parkinson's by repurposing healthy skin cells into functional nerve cells.
A 12-week aerobic exercise program showed no significant reduction in hot flashes among postmenopausal women. However, white women and those with initial fitness levels improved with exercise. Exercise had small positive effects on sleep quality, insomnia, and depression.
Researchers studied China's Qinling and Tibetan Plateau orogens, finding evidence of late-stage foreland growth. In India, scientists proposed a cost-effective method for locating diamonds using geological, geochemical, and geochronological data. Additionally, a Middle Paleozoic continental arc was identified in southern China, providi...
A study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that anemia is associated with a nearly 41% higher risk of developing dementia. People with anemia at the start of the study were more likely to develop dementia over 11 years.
A new brain mapping technique using magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been developed to help surgeons plan for surgical treatment in epilepsy. The study, published in Human Brain Mapping, produced detailed spatial maps of critical language functions to improve surgical outcomes.
Dr. Kim Huhman's research may lead to improved strategies for treating mental health problems associated with social stress. The study, supported by a federal grant, investigates how exposure to social stress causes changes in brain and behavior.
The new articles examine ancient whale coprolites in central Italy, fault slickensides in San Francisco, and earthquake hazards in Cascadia. They also discuss the formation of silica gel during fault slip and the microstructures of superplastically deformed materials.
Researchers at Georgia Tech found two security weaknesses that allow malware to be installed on iOS devices via Trojan Horse-style applications and peripherals. A proof-of-concept attack called Jekyll can hide malicious code in approved apps, while a malicious charger called Mactans can install arbitrary apps without user interaction.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have developed a game-changing approach to synthesize thousands of new compounds with ultra-low thermal conductivity. The team designed layered elemental precursors that self-assemble into metastable compounds with predictable nano-architectures and specific crystallographic orientations.
Researchers found that pregnant sows housed on rubber slat mats had a reduced risk of swelling and wounds on the limbs, but an increased risk of sole and heel lesions. The study suggests that rubber slat mats could improve animal well-being by reducing locomotory problems in swine.
Research found that responses to placebos are influenced by diverse factors including route of administration, environmental cues, and learning. Participants' expectations correlated with pain thresholds and tolerance, suggesting a complex relationship between placebo effects and individual traits. Sham acupuncture's effect on genuine ...
A research team has identified a new approach to enhance normal tissue growth, which could have widespread therapeutic applications for patients with various medical conditions. The study found that epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play a critical role in accelerating tissue growth and regeneration.
The study found that the number of individuals with PAD has increased by over 28% globally since 2000, driven by longer life expectancy and changing lifestyles. The researchers identified key risk factors for PAD, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol.
Research reveals delayed brain development in children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) compared to those without the disorder. Children with FASD show greatest gains in reading ability among other cognitive measures as their brains develop.
Researchers found no association between fertility treatment and long-term cardiovascular disease, contradicting previous theories. Women who received fertility therapy had a lower risk of death and major cardiovascular events compared to those without the treatment.
Researchers propose carbon farming as an environmentally friendly method to sequester massive amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere. A new study shows that one hectare of Jatropha curcas plants could capture up to 25 tonnes of atmospheric carbon dioxide per year, making it a competitive alternative to other geoengineering techniques.
The Entomological Society of America has elected ten new Fellows, Dr. Charles Vincent and Dr. Jeffrey G. Scott, who have made significant contributions to entomology in research, teaching, extension, or administration. The fellows will be recognized at the ESA's 61st Annual Meeting in Austin, Texas.
The American Neurological Association has launched a new open access journal, Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, to publish original research and scholarly reviews on nervous system diseases. The journal is supported by Annals of Neurology, the most prestigious peer-reviewed clinical neurology journal worldwide.
Tropical Depression Flossie's remnants brought strong winds to Hawaii, causing power outages on the islands of Maui and Molokai. The storm's low pressure area was centered near Honolulu, Hawaii, about 140 miles west-northwest.
The SAGE/STP Teaching Innovations & Professional Development Award recognizes Dr. Shannon R. Audley-Piotrowski and Carly Smith for their dedication to teaching and scholarship in psychology. The award provides funding for them to attend the American Psychological Association Convention and present on their research.
Researchers found that BPA exposure can dramatically inhibit egg maturation, leading to decreased maturity, increased degeneration, and spontaneous activation. This study adds to growing evidence about the impact of BPA on human health and may explain why some couples struggle with infertility.
Experts say India's new policy protecting research participants could have serious consequences for public health and the country's role in global clinical research. The policy's compensation provision for injury from failed investigations could discourage trial participation, leading to a shortage of registered drugs.
According to new research, nearly 1 in 3 American youths aged 14-20 have been victims of dating violence and almost as many acknowledge committing violence toward a date. The study found significant overlap between victimization and perpetration, highlighting the importance of prevention programs that consider these dynamics.
Research found that eating lunch with friends reduces cognitive control and calms individuals, while improving social harmony. The study suggests that reduced cognitive control can be beneficial in situations where social harmony or creativity is desired.
A recent study found that male Holocaust survivors lived an average of 14 months longer than non-survivors, with a significant difference in life-expectancy among men aged 10-20 during the war. The researchers suggest that the 'Posttraumatic Growth' phenomenon may have contributed to their longevity.
A new study published in The Lancet found that internet-based training can significantly lower antibiotic prescribing rates for acute respiratory tract infections. Clinicians who received training in using CRP tests or enhanced communication skills reduced their prescribing rates by 47% and 32%, respectively. Combining both types of tr...
Researchers found that maintaining a safe distance between transcription enzymes is crucial for efficient production of microRNAs. By launching enzymes at lower rates, they can avoid 'traffic jams' and create more molecules.
NASA's TRMM satellite observed intense bands of rain wrapping around Tropical Storm Gil's future eye, indicating strong organization. Powerful storms with rain rates over 5.2 inches per hour were detected near the storm's center, featuring 'hot towers' that could contribute to rapid intensification.
Theoretical predictions show that controlled noise from an environment can bind repelling atoms together, creating a bound state with exotic properties. This novel mechanism could lead to improved cooling of atomic quantum gases.
Researchers at University of California, Riverside, have received a $360,000 NSF grant to study graphene's thermal properties and develop new approaches for removing heat from electronic devices. The team will investigate the effect of rotation angle on twisted bilayer graphene's thermal conductivity.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have identified Cyp11a1 as a potential target for treatment of food allergies. Blocking the enzyme's activity in sensitized mice prevented diarrhea and inflammation, reducing levels of proteins associated with allergies.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found that high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) therapy can improve the life span of melanoma patients with brain metastases. The study, published in Chemotherapy Research and Practice, reviewed cases of eight patients who underwent this treatment.
A Cochrane review found that interventions improving water quality and hygiene practices resulted in an average 0.5cm increased height growth in children under five. Access to clean water and soap was associated with reduced microbiological and parasitic infestations, positively impacting child development.
The NIH has launched three new projects to develop therapeutics for Fragile X syndrome, nicotine addiction, and age-related macular degeneration. Researchers aim to create novel treatments using cutting-edge science to address debilitating disorders.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new endoscopy technology that captures three-dimensional images of the colon surface, making it easier to detect precancerous growths. The technique, known as photometric stereo endoscopy, uses multiple light sources to create visual representations of surface features.
Researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences have developed a microfluidic system that can merge, transport and split microdroplets, allowing for the simultaneous cultivation of hundreds of different bacteria cultures. This breakthrough could speed up research on antibiotic resistance by reduci...
A new study by University of Warwick found that highly sensitive parenting at age 6 can increase academic achievement in very preterm and low birthweight children to levels similar to full-term children. Cognitively stimulating parenting also benefits all children's long-term school success, regardless of birth status.
Researchers have discovered a new leukemia model, showing that cancer stem cells actively remodel the bone marrow environment to favor diseased cells. This finding could influence the effectiveness of bone marrow transplants and lead to the development of new therapies.
Stem cells found in urine have been shown to differentiate into various cell types, including bladder, bone, cartilage, and endothelial cells. These cells offer a promising alternative for autologous therapy, potentially treating urology-related conditions and other fields.
Researchers found that HMM-HA prevents overcrowding and tumor formation in naked mole rat cells. The protein's unique amino acid changes may be responsible for its cancer-fighting properties.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University are testing a two-story building made of cold-formed steel to determine its seismic resistance. The tests aim to improve nationwide building codes and make future buildings less expensive to construct.
The Mount Sinai Hospital is launching the first-ever genetic testing program in primary care settings to identify genetic risk for kidney disease in patients with hypertension. This $3.7 million grant will provide genomic information to individualize treatment, testing, and monitoring, with a focus on African Americans who are four to ...
Researchers demonstrate that a single course of rituximab therapy is as effective as the current standard of care regimen in patients with ANCA-associated Vasculitis. The RAVE study shows that a short course of rituximab can induce and maintain remission, providing an alternative to long-term cyclophosphamide treatment.
Scientists have successfully created self-integrating nanowires whose position, length and direction can be fully controlled. This breakthrough enables the production of electronic circuits with hundreds of transistors simultaneously, opening doors to various technological applications including LED devices, lasers, and solar cells.
A new analysis of over 4,700 women found that obesity does not significantly affect pregnancy rates when using donor eggs. The study suggests that doctors should not discourage obese women from pursuing treatment if they need donor eggs to conceive.
A new study shows that citizen scientists can analyze satellite data and identify human impact as accurately as experts. However, experts were better at identifying specific land cover types. Interactive training and feedback may help non-experts improve their classification rates.
Researchers discover that prion protein has a 'switch' controlling its toxicity, which can be triggered by antibodies targeting the flexible tail. The study finds that only antibodies targeting the tail are suitable for use as potential drugs, while those triggering the switch are harmful.
Scientists found that methane bubbles out of water behind small dams, increasing global freshwater emissions by up to 7%. The study reveals that dam construction can significantly impact the environment.
A physicist has developed a model to study the dynamics of opinions, combining information with emotions to understand how opinions form and change. The study reveals that minority groups can persist despite being surrounded by enemies and that many elections have close results.
Dr. Richard M. Allman has been recognized with the 2013 Donald P. Kent Award by The Gerontological Society of America for his exceptional leadership in gerontology through teaching, service, and practice. His research focuses on understanding mobility loss and testing new ways to maintain or enhance mobility in older adults.
Researchers at SISSA uncover inconsistencies in the dependence of the linguistic system on the motor one, with damage to specific brain regions affecting gesture imitation but not language processing. The study employs voxel-based lesion symptom mapping to establish a link between brain damage and performance decline.
Experts warn that widespread use of Truvada for HIV prevention may lead to unintended consequences, including increased transmission of other STIs. Daily dosing, safer sex counseling, and regular testing are crucial for successful PrEP implementation.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a new way to analyze turbulent flow near walls, which can help reduce drag and fuel consumption in aircraft and ships. By breaking down complex equations into smaller blocks, they found that commonly observed features of wall turbulence can be explained by superposing just three response modes.