Researchers found that Nanog is expressed similarly to other pluripotency markers, contradicting previous findings. This discovery could lead to reconsideration of the role of Nanog in differentiating embryonic stem cells.
Researchers mapped how critical molecules regulate inflammation during flu infection, discovering new targets for therapies. The study provided a holistic view of the host-pathogen interaction, revealing lipid mediators' dual role in controlling inflammation.
A study published in Menopause found that women with HIV suffer from moderate to severe hot flashes, which significantly impact their daily functioning and overall well-being. The study also highlighted the potential risks of hot flashes on their health, HIV treatment, and ability to abstain from drugs and alcohol.
Researchers analyzed over 160,000 tweets from personal accounts, corporate accounts and bot-controlled accounts to develop a method to predict when new tweets would be posted. The study found that individual tweeters were most active in the afternoons and evenings, while corporate-managed accounts tweeted during work hours.
Travel Behaviour and Society, an interdisciplinary journal, will be published by Elsevier, covering topics like travel behavior, infrastructure, environmental issues, mobility, and social sustainability. The journal aims to provide a forum for publication and discussion of leading research in the field of transportation.
Researchers found two distinct strains of alpha-synuclein that promote different patterns of misfolding, leading to unique sets of symptoms in neurodegenerative disorders. The study suggests that different structural shapes of the protein may contribute to co-occurrence of synuclein and tau accumulations in certain brain diseases.
A recent study found that both cousin marriage and older mothers have a significantly increased risk of birth defects, with nearly 31% of birth defects in babies of Pakistani origin attributed to consanguineous marriages. The study also showed that maternal education can be protective against congenital anomalies.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology developed a novel bio-inspired composite electrocatalyst outperforming platinum, demonstrating higher electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction. The catalyst showed exceptional durability during cycling in an alkaline media.
A team of researchers studied an early galaxy using the ESO Very Large Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope, determining its size, mass, element content, and star formation rate. The study found that the galaxy contained a high proportion of heavier elements, similar to those in the centre and outer parts of the galaxy.
A series of forest fires near James Bay, Quebec have consumed over 617,000 acres of land, causing air quality problems for Canadians and Americans. The smoke has been pushed by winds to southern Ontario and the northeastern US state of Maine.
Research suggests that engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as reading and writing, can help slow down cognitive decline in older adults. The study found that individuals who participated in these activities both early and late in life had a slower rate of memory loss compared to those who did not.
A new study finds that certain hawkmoth species produce ultrasonic sound as a defense against bats. The researchers used high-energy lamps and pre-recorded bat sounds to capture the insects' behavior, revealing a system that jams the echolocation ability of their predators.
The 2013 Reaxys Ph.D. Prize recognizes three young chemists for their groundbreaking research, which was selected from a record 581 submissions. The winners will present their work at the Reaxys Inspiring Chemistry Conference in Grindelwald, Switzerland.
A recent study found that news coverage of female politicians focuses more on character traits and less on policy arguments compared to their male counterparts. The researchers analyzed data from approximately 10,000 newspaper articles covering statewide elections in the US, finding a significant disparity in the focus of news stories.
Scientists have concluded that the oldest visible terrains on Mercury date back to 4 billion to 4.1 billion years ago, with volcanic activity resurfacing the planet's surface during this time period. The findings suggest a global resurfacing event due to volcanism and may indicate that large projectiles enhanced the observed resurfacing.
A study from Georgetown University Medical Center found that more than half of mothers disclose their genetic test results to their children, especially teenagers. Mothers who don't share the information with their children tend to be unsatisfied with their decision.
Researchers have discovered that a single protein, alpha-synuclein, can exist in two different structural shapes, or 'strains', which promote misfolding of other disease proteins commonly found in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This finding has significant implications for the development of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at Advanced Diamond Technologies successfully created thin films of boron-doped diamond at low temperatures, potentially enabling a wider range of applications for electronic devices. The new method expands the possibilities for depositing high-quality diamond coatings without damaging sensitive electronics.
A recent study reveals that grassland fencing is threatening the survival of wild ungulates in Asia. The fencing has restricted their movement and reduced their habitat, making it harder for them to migrate and find food. This can lead to genetic isolation and increased extinction risk.
A new study analyzed DNA from over 2,100 children with autism and found evidence of a recessive, inherited genetic contribution in cases with significant intellectual disability. The research suggests that runs of homozygosity, or long strands of identical DNA, may harbor deleterious variants that increase disease susceptibility.
The Env-DATA system can handle millions of data points, serving hundreds of scientists simultaneously. Researchers used the system to analyze Galapagos Albatross flight paths, revealing preferred areas foraging on the Peruvian coast.
Researchers have developed an assay to quantify structural avidity in living T cells, a key predictor of success in adoptive transfer therapies. The technology offers advantages over previous methods, including simplicity, non-invasive measurement, and quantitative assessment of binding strength.
Dalila strengthened into a Category 1 hurricane after moving away from the Mexican coast, bringing life-threatening surf and rip current conditions. A new tropical low is developing to the southeast, while another storm system, System 97E, has a medium chance of forming over the next two days.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a blood-based test that accurately identifies who will respond to aspirin therapy and predicts patients at risk for heart attacks. The test, known as the 'aspirin response signature,' measures gene activity patterns in the blood.
Researchers at Boston University's National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories have generated a map of the cellular circuitry of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, shedding light on its ability to survive inactive in the human body for decades and resist treatment. The study provides new insight into the bacterium's survival mechanisms...
A phase III trial found that adding chemotherapy to surgery after curative D2 gastrectomy improved 5-year survival by 34% compared to surgery alone. The study, CLASSIC, added combination chemotherapy (XELOX) to standard treatment, showing a significant reduction in cancer-related death.
A review of 53 scientific papers found an inverse association between sugar and fat intake in people's diets, known as the 'sugar-fat seesaw'. This suggests that reducing one may lead to an increase in the other.
Dr. Gary Mathern, a pediatric neurosurgeon at UCLA, was honored with the Ambassador for Epilepsy Award for his significant work in improving clinical care for children with medically refractory epilepsy. His research has led to breakthrough discoveries on mechanisms of the disease process and how seizures develop in the brain.
A recent study published in Reproductive BioMedicine Online examines the outcomes of assisted reproduction treatment for same-sex male couples and single men. The research found that high success rates can be achieved, particularly among persistent individuals, with most men successful in realizing their dream of fatherhood.
Researchers found that some blue whales changed their diving behavior or temporarily avoided important feeding areas when exposed to simulated mid-frequency sonar sounds. The responses were complex and depended on various factors, including the whales' depth of feeding and location.
Research found epigenetic changes in fat cells after exercise, influencing genes linked to type 2 diabetes and obesity. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms of how physical activity affects disease risk.
Brazilian physicists Thiago Silva and Diego Amancio devised a method to disambiguate words with multiple meanings by analyzing their connections in literary classics. Their approach, based on deterministic tourist walks, showed significant accuracy rates comparable to traditional semantic-based methods.
Researchers found that single men and smokers are more likely to acquire cancer-causing oral human papillomavirus (HPV), while healthy men with newly acquired HPV infections rarely persist beyond one year. The study suggests a potential link between persistent oral HPV16 infection and oropharyngeal cancer.
Researchers found that mTORC1 serves as a rheostat to control regulatory T cells, which suppress the immune system's inflammatory response. The study challenges prior understanding of the mTOR pathway's role in regulating specialized T cells.
Researchers have discovered a direct genetic link between ancient Native American remains and their living descendants using mitochondrial DNA analysis. The study, published in PLOS ONE, found three maternal lineages from ancient times to the present, providing a unique connection between oral traditions and genetic evidence.
Gastroparesis patients who underwent transpyloric stent placement under the guidance of Johns Hopkins GI doctors experienced significant reductions in symptoms, including nausea and vomiting. The procedure, using an endoscope to place a small metal stent in the stomach, shows promise as a potential treatment option for this condition.
A new treatment approach using MGN1703, a small DNA molecule that stimulates the immune system, has shown promise in prolonging progression-free survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The drug is designed to broadly activate all components of the innate immune system to destroy cancer cells.
A new study from Aarhus University's Interacting Minds Centre found that when team members know their exact goal, they are more willing to trust and cooperate with each other. The research suggests that trust and clear goals are essential ingredients for successful cooperation in various settings.
In a study, cockatoos solved a 5-lock problem by first removing a pin, then a screw, and so on. They adapted their approach when faced with altered sequences, suggesting they understood the structure of the problem. The birds' performance was characterized by flexible and sensitive reactions to changes in the sequence.
Researchers discovered that bacteria like Burkholderia cenocepacia share small molecules to become resistant to antibiotics. This novel communication mechanism protects not only itself but also other susceptible bacteria.
New research reveals that young people with impulsive tendencies are at a higher risk of heavy drinking. The study found a link between impulsivity and adolescent drinking, but suggests that alcohol may not necessarily lead to increased impulsive behavior in the short-term. By identifying key personality traits, such as impulsivity, ta...
Research reveals FAM190A's subtle but crucial role in mitosis, a process commonly disrupted in cancer. Mutations in the gene may contribute to chromosomal instability and cancer development.
Researchers found regions of genome associated with cholera susceptibility, including pathways regulating water loss and innate immune system responses. The findings suggest a potential fingerprint for cholera's genetic impact, such as the relative rarity of blood type O, which may confer increased risk of severe symptoms.
A new study challenges the claim that crabs returned to Antarctica due to warming seas. The research analyzed over 16,000 crab records and found no evidence of a mass migration from elsewhere. Instead, it suggests that King crabs have been uniquely adapted to the Antarctic environment for centuries.
A study published in PLOS ONE suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have lower diversity of gut bacteria and decreased amounts of three critical bacteria. This finding implies that a diverse gut microbiome is essential for maintaining a robust bacterial community, and may be linked to the development of ASD symptoms.
Researchers found that ZEB1 gene enables basal-type breast cancer cells to convert into aggressive tumor-forming cancer stem cells. Luminal breast cancer cells, which are less aggressive, carry the gene but have it permanently shut down.
A new study finds that adding nitrogen to grasslands initially boosts ecosystem productivity but ultimately leads to a decline due to reduced plant diversity. The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights the significant impact of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning.
German students who study abroad exhibit increased openness, conscientiousness, and extraversion compared to their peers. A year-long online study revealed that international experiences foster personal growth, including improved emotional stability.
Researchers found that cockatoos employ a 'cognitive ratchet' process to solve the problem, suggesting they have a representation of the goal. After mastering the sequence, birds reacted with immediate sensitivity to changes in the puzzle box.
Researchers created nanotweezers using DNA to manipulate enzymatic reactions with fine-grained control. The device separates an enzyme and a cofactor on separate arms of the instrument, allowing for external control of inhibition and activation.
A recent study published in ZooKeys reveals 32 new parasitoid wasp species from the genera Odontacolus and Cyphacolus, characterized by their unique horn-like structure. These tiny wasps are known to be vicious parasitoids, injecting eggs into spider eggs to ensure the development of their offspring.
A team of Penn State researchers developed a process using three inexpensive computer programs to grade fingerprints for ridge detail evaluation. The system ensures standardized evaluation finer than human capabilities, improving the reliability of fingerprint matches.
Researchers at the IRCM isolated two important mechanisms that improve antibody quality, providing a new model for studying auto-immune diseases. The study found that these mechanisms, class switching and affinity maturation, are crucial for immune responses to infections and diseases.
Researchers have identified microRNA-22 as a driver of both cancer onset and metastasis, particularly in breast cancer and blood cancers. The study suggests that inhibiting miR-22 through a 'decoy' method could offer a novel therapeutic option for treating these diseases.
The study reveals that noncoding 5S rRNA regulates the Hdm2-p53 checkpoint, allowing p53 to rise and induce cell death. This discovery suggests an ancient evolutionary link between ribosome biogenesis and cancer.
Scientists have used live insect colonies to determine the conditions under which insects formed fossil traces on ancient bones. The study, led by Anna R. Holden, reveals that submergence occurred during warm to hot weather, with a minimum of 17-20 weeks.
A comprehensive catalog of great ape genetic diversity has been created, elucidating the evolution and population histories of six great ape species. The resource will aid in current and future conservation efforts by preserving natural genetic diversity.
A study published in PLOS ONE found no correlation between playing violent video games and reduced prosocial behavior. In experiments, participants helped pick up pens at a rate of 40-60%, regardless of the game played.
Researchers have identified genetic markers associated with salamander tail regeneration and found that the width of the tail influences regrowth pace. The study suggests local factors at the site of injury regulate regenerative outgrowth, contributing to differences in regeneration among animals.
Researchers at University of Chicago Medical Center discovered a new layer of complexity in human gene expression, finding a single gene that encodes two separate proteins from the same mRNA sequence. This discovery could lead to a therapy for spinocerebellar ataxia type-6 (SCA6), a neurodegenerative disease.