Researchers found SAD participants have misconceptions about sleep habits similar to those of insomniacs, leading to incorrect reports of sleep duration. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia may be effective in treating seasonal affective disorder by addressing unhelpful beliefs about sleep.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology developed a new Mach-Zehnder interferometer using Bose-Einstein condensates, reducing quantum noise by three times. This resulted in improved precision and measurement time, multiplying the original value by three.
Researchers found that a single dose of Ritalin improved brain function in cocaine-addicted individuals, strengthening connections between regions involved in regulating emotions and behaviors. The study suggests potential as an add-on treatment for addiction to cocaine and other stimulants.
A recent study from the University of Tennessee found that triclocarban in antibacterial soaps may reduce the survival rates of baby rats. Prolonged exposure to the compound during pregnancy and nursing has been linked to early development issues.
Researchers have identified a genetic change associated with delayed language acquisition and brain imaging abnormalities in children from Southeast Asia. The chromosomal deletion affects the TM4SF20 gene, which may be responsible for early childhood language delay in a large number of children from this region.
Researchers found at least 1000 types of bacterial cells on plastic debris, including autotrophs, heterotrophs, and symbionts. The plastisphere may alter ocean ecosystems and transport harmful microbes, sparking concerns about its impact on marine life.
A new rat brain study reveals that sensory information travels to two places at once: the thalamus and deeper cerebral cortex layers. Signals are relayed from the thalamus to both layer 4 and 5 simultaneously, contradicting decades of dogma.
A research report in Ecology suggests that climate change, exacerbated by droughts, is causing declining migration rates among Yellowstone's migratory elk. The study attributes this decline to the return of predators like bears and wolves, as well as human choices such as irrigation in nearby fields.
Researchers discovered that forced telomere elongation promotes cancer cell differentiation, suppressing genes involved in tumor malignancy. Telomeres may modulate cell behavior by controlling gene expression, potentially leading to new cancer treatments.
A study in ferrets shows that the brain can adapt to temporary hearing loss by relying on spectral cues from the outer ear. The findings suggest new strategies for rehabilitating children with glue ear and improve hearing aid design.
Researchers have found that pancreatic β cells can be regenerated at least three times using a mechanism that involves the forced activation of the Pax 4 gene. This breakthrough suggests that the pancreas has a virtually inexhaustible source of cells capable of replacing lost β cells, offering new hope for treating Type 1 diabetes.
Researchers found that monkeys with strong social networks learned new foraging techniques faster, indicating a link between social ties and the spread of innovation. The study provides insight into how social networks may influence the emergence of cultural behaviors in non-human primates.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that melanoma recurrence 10 or more years after initial treatment occurs in over 6% of patients. Patients who experience late recurrences tend to live longer and have better survival rates compared to those whose cancer recurs within the first three years.
Researchers have created a slim, telescopic contact lens that can switch between normal and magnified vision, offering AMD patients a relatively unobtrusive way to enhance their vision. The system uses a modified pair of liquid crystal eyeglasses to selectively block either the magnifying portion or its unmagnified center.
Researchers discovered a thermogenic secondary sexual character in male sea lampreys, producing heat through a rare type of fat. The 'rope tissue' plays a crucial role in courtship and mating, making it an essential component of the species' reproductive behavior.
A study from Karolinska Institutet found that our imagination can affect how we experience the world, changing our actual perception. The research used illusions to test the impact of mental imagery on sensory perception.
Scientists at the Gladstone Institutes and Salk Institute have developed a novel brain-tracing technique to map neurons in the basal ganglia, revealing clues about how specific brain regions connect. The findings suggest that different brain areas preferentially transmit signals to distinct types of neurons, guiding movement and decisi...
A team of researchers used TACC supercomputers to simulate the impact of space debris on spacecraft and body armor. The simulations aimed to develop ballistic limit curves predicting shield perforation rates when hit by projectiles. By analyzing these results, NASA can design more effective shielding for its spacecraft.
Researchers have developed a new method to accelerate the growth of solar cells by optimizing the coevaporation process. This technique enables faster growth stages while controlling defect formation, resulting in improved efficiency and reduced material waste. The findings, published in Advanced Energy Materials, provide valuable insi...
Researchers at Brown University have developed a bioadhesive coating that significantly increases the intestinal uptake of polymer nanoparticles in rats. The coating enhances the distribution of particles to specific tissues around the body, suggesting potential for targeted oral drug delivery.
A new study reveals that interactions between landslides and erosion, caused by rivers, explains why some mountain ranges exceed their expected lifespan. The study found that large landslides can overwhelm river transport capacity, while landslides also deliver abrasive agents to streams, accelerating erosion.
Researchers discovered a fat cell near male sea lampreys' dorsal fin produces heat when approached by females, a previously unknown mechanism in spawning. This finding sheds new light on the invasive species' biology and may help reduce its numbers or eliminate it from the Great Lakes.
Researchers at UNIST developed a new physical organogel electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and cationic transference number, reducing the risk of explosive leakage in batteries. This breakthrough material enables safer and more efficient use of higher energy electrode materials.
Symposia focus on ecological dynamics of infectious diseases, examining human influences on viral and bacterial diseases through landscape alteration. Researchers aim to integrate biomedical and ecological approaches to address public health issues.
A Loyola University Medical Center study found that treating acid reflux through laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery could help prevent chronic rejection in lung transplant patients. Certain biomarkers in lung fluid can predict BOS and immune system activity.
Engineers at Queen Mary University created a highly accurate simulation of how damaged and healthy red blood cells interact with each other in the body. This new technology could aid medical professionals in visualizing oxygen flow and identifying areas where patients may be suffering from inadequate oxygen supply after heart surgery.
Valery Fokin receives $3.75M grant to establish laboratory at MIPT, focusing on biomarker development for inflammation, cancer, and immune diseases. The lab will facilitate collaborations between Scripps and Russian scientists and companies.
Indiana University has received a $910,000 grant from the Defense Department to study critical security issues and vulnerabilities associated with software-defined networking. The team will analyze possible threats and develop solutions to improve network resilience and security.
Researchers used fNIRS to study 3- and 4-year-old children's visual working memory, finding that neural activity in the right frontal cortex is linked to higher capacity, while 4-year-olds show increased use of the parietal cortex for spatial attention. The findings could help detect childhood disorders like ADHD and autism earlier.
A study of 7268 participants found that individuals who reported stress affecting their health were twice as likely to have or die from a heart attack. The researchers suggest that patients' perceptions of stress impact on their health can be an accurate predictor of coronary disease.
A study found that elderly patients with kidney failure who use catheters have a high risk of death, while those using arteriovenous fistulas or grafts in their late 60s and 70s experience improved survival rates. However, for those over 80 years old, placing a graft may be a reasonable alternative to a fistula.
Researchers found that food contaminants, including dioxin and PCB, worsened glucose intolerance and altered estrogen pathways in female mice, but had less of an impact on male mice. The study suggests that chronic exposure to low doses of contaminants can exacerbate metabolic problems in obese individuals.
Researchers found that older emergency patients have functional and cognitive problems increase dramatically after arrival. These patients often require specialized training in geriatric care to provide the best assessment and care.
Two university researchers argue that NASA's Planetary Protection protocols are overly restrictive and expensive, making missions to search for life on Mars unviable. They suggest revising policies to prioritize impact on planetary exploration while minimizing costs.
Researchers developed a novel DNAzyme-gold nanoparticle test to detect dengue virus in mosquitoes, detecting as little as 10 viruses per sample. The assay is stable at high temperatures and can be easily transported and used in remote regions.
Researchers used facial expression tracking software to assess students' emotions during online tutoring sessions, finding that it accurately predicted effectiveness. The program also provided cognitive and emotion-based feedback to students.
Predicted climate changes may hinder conifer regeneration after major forest fires on dry, low-elevation sites, leading to conversion of forests to grass or shrub lands.
Research suggests that individuals with low self-control are more willing to sacrifice time and energy for their romantic partners or best friends. This phenomenon is observed even when self-control is not explicitly taxed, indicating a possible link between impulsivity and pro-social behavior in close relationships.
AIDSVu, a detailed publicly available view of HIV prevalence in the US, has released updated maps displaying 2010 data and recent national HIV prevalence data. The new maps highlight urban cores with higher HIV rates and show disparities among black and Hispanic/Latino Americans.
Astronomers have discovered three 'super-earths' in the habitable zone of the nearby star Gliese 667C, boosting the search for Earth-like planets. The newly found system is packed with at least six planets, offering a promising new era for studying potentially life-supporting worlds.
Researchers have created a sturdy, transparent, and indium-free electrode from silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) that could replace indium-based electrodes. The new electrode has a low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance, necessary for high-performance devices.
Scientists identify glymphatic system as a potentially powerful tool for treating neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease. The system is responsible for removing waste from the brain, and its dysfunction may contribute to these conditions.
At high altitudes, pulmonary hypertension develops as a normal adaptive response but can become life-threatening if exaggerated. Research highlights the need for targeted drug therapy, with potential new directions emerging in understanding epigenetic mechanisms and their role in disease
A study by Northwestern University researcher Robert Hanlon found that impulsive murderers are more mentally impaired than strategic planners. Nearly all impulsive murderers had a history of alcohol or drug abuse and were intoxicated at the time of the crime.
Scientists at Salk Institute and Gladstone Institutes developed a high-resolution mapping technique to uncover the underlying circuit architecture of the brain. The study found that specific brain regions connect to each other in distinct ways, offering new insights into how these connections influence brain function.
A new method for desalinating seawater has been developed by chemists at the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Marburg. The process uses a small electrical field to remove salts from seawater, achieving 25% desalination rates.
A recent study found that human influences through global warming increased the chances of Australians experiencing record hot summers like 2013 by more than five times. The research suggests that greenhouse gas emissions will lead to even more frequent and severe extreme heat events in the future.
Researchers led by CU-Boulder's John Stocke discovered normal spiral galaxies are surrounded by massive gas halos extending up to 1 million light-years in diameter, much larger than previously estimated. These findings have significant consequences for galaxy evolution and provide new insights into the formation process of stars.
Researchers found that hydrogen fuel cells are technically feasible and commercially attractive as a clean power source for ships. The study suggests that using hydrogen fuel cells to power container ships could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, with potential economic benefits.
Researchers at Yonsei University have developed a technique to coat glass with silver ions, which can prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The technology could be used to protect medical equipment and be particularly useful in disaster recovery and military environments.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have trapped the ribosome in a key transitional state, allowing them to see how it translates genetic code into proteins without mistakes. Understanding this process is crucial for developing new antibiotics and has significant implications for the origin of life.
A new course module, ECO mission, has won the Science Prize for Inquiry-Based Instruction for its effective teaching of biology. The course uses a combination of web-based learning environments and hands-on experimentation to improve students' understanding of real research.
Researchers pinpoint high conservation priority areas worldwide, revealing stark differences with existing protected zones. The study's findings highlight the need to reassess global knowledge of conservation resources to effectively protect vertebrate species.
Researchers analyzed emergency department records to assess aerial mosquito spraying's impact on human health. No increase was found in diagnoses associated with pesticide exposure, including respiratory and neurological conditions.
A recent study suggests that genetic risk assessments could predict which children with asthma are likely to grow out of the condition. The analysis of data from a 40-year longitudinal study revealed that higher-risk genetic variants linked to asthma were associated with a greater likelihood of developing life-long-persistent asthma.
A scientist is working to bolster the body's natural antioxidant system to interrupt a vicious cycle of inflammation and free radicals that cause vision loss in diabetes. The goal is to use a selenium supplement to improve the thioredoxin system, which helps neutralize excess free radicals.
Researchers have devised a new fiber optic technology that could ease Internet congestion and enable on-demand video streaming. The technology uses donut-shaped laser light beams called optical vortices to boost Internet bandwidth, promising terabit-per-second capacity transmission links.
Researchers at the Buck Institute manipulated a signaling pathway implicated in Barrett's esophagus, suggesting a change in stem cell function as the cause of this transformation. This discovery may lead to new targets for therapies and inform the development of more effective treatments for Barrett's esophagus.
Researchers have identified unique patterns of chemical marks on histones that distinguish quiescent from active stem cells in muscles of young mice. These findings suggest that stem cells may be more versatile than previously thought, with the potential to become different types of tissue entirely.
A new technique uses cough sound analysis to diagnose pneumonia in children, with over 90% sensitivity and a low false positive rate. This method has the potential to revolutionize childhood pneumonia diagnosis in resource-poor regions.