A study on polar bears in western Hudson Bay found that the timing of their migration can be predicted by sea ice melt and freeze patterns. The results suggest that as sea ice melts earlier and freezes later, polar bears arrive on shore earlier in the summer and leave later in the autumn.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. have developed a promising drug candidate to treat psoriasis. The engineered receptor effectively reduces inflammatory signals in mice models, showing potential for a viable treatment for severe psoriasis patients.
A multi-center study found that total knee replacements in younger patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) last at least 10 years in 92 percent of cases. More than 75 percent of implants survived for 20 years or more, enabling many JIA patients to walk again and lead normal lives.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified the importance of amino acids in facilitating electrical conductivity in bacterial pili, a paradigm shift from traditional understanding of biological electron transfer. This discovery has significant implications for environmental cleanup and renewable energy sources.
Researchers analyzed decades-long data from 22 streams in 7 experimental forests across the US, highlighting regional patterns of change in stream nitrogen concentrations. The study's findings underscore the importance of long-term monitoring in informing best management practices for protecting water resources.
Physician experts suggest adopting a 'user-led' innovation strategy, which prioritizes clinician and patient input, to rapidly address healthcare issues. This approach involves clinicians identifying problems, developing solutions, and testing them on a small scale before scaling up with feedback from patients.
Scientists aim to unravel the mystery of microtubule directional signs, crucial for understanding diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS. The study's focus is on identifying modifications that could serve as road signs along molecular highways.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are developing a wearable artificial lung to serve as a bridge to transplant or recovery in patients with acute and chronic lung failure. The device, called PAAL, is designed to provide longer-term respiratory support while maintaining excellent blood compatibility.
A new study involving over 900,000 women found that biennial mammograms are as effective as yearly exams in detecting breast cancer and reducing false positives. For women with dense breasts, screening every two years decreases the risk of false-positive results by about a third.
The SMU Lyle School of Engineering's 'Innovation Gym' course has drawn attention from the Center For Creative Leadership (CCL) for its effective use of cross-functional teams and agile work processes. The CCL team will study the student techniques to develop new tools and processes that can benefit organizations nationwide.
A team of scientists identified a novel mechanism by which CD4 T cells expressing NKG2C can target brain cells in Multiple Sclerosis patients. This discovery could lead to improved treatments aiming to decrease disease progression and symptoms, without the risk of potentially lethal infections.
A Phase II clinical trial found that combining hyperbaric oxygen therapy with normobaric hyperoxia improves neurological recovery in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The treatment reduced mortality rates, improved cerebral oxidative metabolism, and lowered intracranial hypertension.
EPFL scientists have developed a tiny implant that can analyze proteins and organic acids in the blood, sending results to doctors' computers for more personalized care. The device has demonstrated reliable detection of several substances and has potential applications in chemotherapy and chronic illness monitoring.
A recent study presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting found that spine patients who quit smoking experience diminished pain. Non-smokers showed significant improvements in reported pain, while those who continued to smoke saw no clinically significant improvement.
The Return to Run program, using the Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO), successfully returned 13 out of 14 service members to duty. Functional capabilities improved significantly, including walking, running, and jumping without assistive devices.
Experiments predict that Daphnia lumholtzi can invade European lakes and outcompete native species, leading to substantial declines in population growth. The invasive species' ability to thrive at low temperatures also poses a threat.
Researchers developed a basic computer model of the nucleosome to identify the sliding mechanism of nucleosomes along the DNA. This mechanism supports the idea of a second genetic code, previously suggested in 2006, which consists of a mechanical code written within the base pair sequence.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new method to analyze single cells using quantum dots, allowing for the simultaneous testing of up to 100 biomarkers. This breakthrough enables more accurate diagnosis and treatment of cancer by examining a cell's unique behavior at its molecular level.
A South African program offering a 10-25% rebate on healthy food purchases found that lower prices motivate people to significantly improve their diet. The analysis of supermarket scanner data and survey responses showed an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption and a decrease in less-desirable food purchases.
Researchers found that blocking substance P binding to its receptor NK1 with the anti-nausea drug Emend halted brain tumor growth and caused cell death in tumor cells. This breakthrough offers new opportunities for studying possible brain tumor treatments.
The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) observed GRAIL's intentional crash into a lunar mountain, kicking up dust and gas to reveal mercury and hydrogen in the plume. The findings provide insight into the moon's volatile material transport around the lunar poles.
Three University of Houston optometry educators, all UHCO graduates, received top honors from the Texas Optometric Association. Kevin Gee assumed TOA presidency, Nancy George received the William D. Pittman Leadership Award, and Pat Segu was awarded Educator of the Year.
Injuries from bicycling, roller sports, and trampolines decreased by 38.1%, 20.8%, and 17.5% respectively between 2000 and 2010. Football and soccer injuries increased by 22.8% and 10.8%, with overall musculoskeletal-specific injuries declining 12.4%.
A new study found that MRI is highly sensitive and specific for identifying tissue damage in metal-on-metal hip replacement patients. Early detection allows for timely revision surgery, decreasing the risk of further tissue damage and pain.
Scientists found that chimpanzees coordinate actions and understand the need to help a partner perform their role to achieve a common goal. In trials, pairs of chimpanzees solved problems together, even swapping tools, to get food out of a box, demonstrating strategic coordination similar to humans.
Researchers demonstrate that mechanical forces control the depolymerization of actin, a critical protein in cells, affecting cellular growth and processes. The study uses atomic force microscopy to show that tensile forces create catch bonds, prolonging bond lifetimes.
A Loyola University Chicago study found that disabling a specific calcium channel called TRPM2 could reduce painful inflammation in gout. The researchers also discovered that liposomes with a positive or negative electric charge can stimulate the immune system to attack pathogens.
A retrospective multicenter study of 677 patients found that intraoperative, early postoperative, and mesh-related complications are common in pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Mesh-related complications were the most common, with erosion being the most frequent complication.
Researchers identified a set of genes associated with lipid metabolism that may help identify women at risk for hormone receptor-negative breast cancer. These genes were found to be overexpressed in the unaffected breasts of women with estrogen receptor-negative disease.
A new somatic symptom disorder in DSM-5 risks mislabeling many people as mentally ill due to a lack of specificity and high false-positive rate. The condition will classify excessive responses to distressing symptoms, potentially leading to inappropriate medical decision-making.
A peptide derived from Pacific cod may prevent cancer cells from attaching to blood vessel walls and boost the immune response. The study suggests this natural protein could be a promising anti-metastatic agent for various cancers.
New research reveals that heart disease patients with anxiety are twice as likely to die from any cause compared to those without anxiety. Those with both anxiety and depression face a tripled risk of death. The study suggests that anxiety may underlie the risk previously attributed solely to depression.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have invented a mini prototype that can detect nicotine vapor molecules in real time, pinpointing when and where exposure occurred. The device has the potential to enforce no-smoking regulations and raise awareness about secondhand smoke risks.
A new study analyzed 6.2 million patients and found that 74.6% of men with erectile dysfunction remained untreated, highlighting the need for improved treatment access and awareness. The study also showed that treatment frequency varied by co-morbidities, with hypogonadism being a key factor in treatment usage.
A study found that nearly one percent of newly incarcerated inmates with IV drug history have acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Systematic screening could identify over 7,000 new HCV cases across the U.S. annually among asymptomatic inmates.
Researchers found that cognitively normal people with high amyloid levels are likelier to develop dementia. Mayo Clinic neurologists also developed a test to gauge concussion severity using autonomic reflex testing, and discovered heart attack victims who received therapeutic hypothermia are unlikely to suffer cognitive impairment.
Researchers at IUPUI have successfully differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells into retinal cells using chemical methods, eliminating the need for animal products. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for retinal diseases and expand the clinical use of regenerative human cells.
A study by the ZEUS group found no significant difference in the incidence of bone metastases between patients receiving zoledronic acid and those on standard treatment. The 50-month study suggested that zoledronic acid may not be effective in preventing hormone therapy-induced bone loss in high-risk prostate cancer patients.
A collaborative study between NREL and ANL identifies strategies to reduce petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector by 80% by 2050. The study reveals opportunities for energy efficiency improvements, increased use of electricity and hydrogen, and expanded biofuels.
A phase 3 trial found that eritoran did not significantly reduce all-cause 28-day mortality or 1-year mortality in patients with severe sepsis compared to placebo. The study, conducted in 197 intensive care units, showed no significant difference in treatment-emergent adverse events between eritoran and placebo groups.
Weill Cornell researchers argue that ACOs may not be improving population health as intended, as their focus is often solely on medical care for patients within their geographic area. The authors emphasize the importance of clearly defining population health to formulate effective healthcare and social service policies.
A study by Columbia University Medical Center researchers found that depression and cognitive status are independently associated with a more rapid decline in everyday living abilities. The findings suggest providing mental health treatment may slow the loss of independence.
Researchers combine the electronic properties of molybdenite and graphene to develop a flash memory prototype that stores data even in absence of electricity. The material offers great potential for efficient data storage due to its unique 'energy band' and high sensitivity to charge.
Researchers uncover analogous cratering patterns at the Ries Impact Crater and Mars, while also analyzing camelopard-like camouflage in trilobites. The study of Hydrate Ridge and the Sahara Desert reveals insights into volcanic unrest and paleoweather conditions.
A new study published at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) meeting found that living in a sunny climate does not improve vitamin D levels in patients with hip fractures. The majority of patients with hip fractures had insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D, regardless of their geographical location.
Parents can significantly reduce their teens' drinking during college by discussing alcohol with them before they start. The study found that pre-college conversations about alcohol had a lasting impact on students, while summer and fall conversations showed limited effectiveness.
A study found that sexually naïve male mice respond to pup pheromones with aggression, whereas fatherly males do not. Removing the vomeronasal organ in males suppressed aggressive behavior and induced parental instincts.
A study found that adults who experience a stroke before age 50 have a significantly higher risk of death over the next 20 years compared to the general population. The researchers also noted that patients who survive their first 30 days after ischemic stroke are at an increased risk of mortality throughout subsequent decades.
In a study of cichlids, researchers found that parents adopt fry from other families to protect against predators, while also delivering their own young for adoption. This strategy ensures the survival of at least some offspring in a species highly predated.
Scientists create artificial DNA catalysts that can modify amino acids in proteins, altering their function. This breakthrough could lead to new tools for studying protein modifications and developing practical applications.
Researchers at the University of Luxembourg's Secure Networks & Trusted Technology (SnT) facility have received a Google Faculty Research Award to develop automated application analysis software. The software aims to identify malicious behavior in Android apps, such as unauthorized data access or communication patterns.
Postdoctoral researcher Nina Lanza discovered a consistent chemical signature in Martian rocks sampled by the Curiosity rover's ChemCam instrument during its first 90 days on Mars. The signature appears after five laser blasts, leading to theories about dust or geological coatings on the planet's surface.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new test that measures involuntary changes in heart rate and blood pressure to identify the severity of concussions. The test, known as autonomic reflex testing, shows significant changes in those with concussion, providing a potential tool for diagnosing and monitoring recovery.
A new study presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting shows that 13 out of 14 wounded warriors returned to combat after completing the Return to Run orthotic rehab initiative. The program successfully restored functional and occupational capabilities, including walking, running, and standing for long periods.
Infants with autism show subtle, measurable differences in attention as early as 7 months old. Researchers found a specific neural circuit causes the slower response, pointing to a problem with 'sticky attention'.
A team of researchers has discovered multipotent stem cells in deer antlers, which can differentiate into multiple cell types and have the potential to treat various injuries in veterinary medicine. The study highlights a novel source of stem cells for use in regenerative therapies.
A study found that medicines intended for chronic use lack sufficient patients to evaluate safety and efficacy. The number of patients studied before regulatory approval was often lower than recommended guidelines specify.
A multicenter analysis found patients taking high potency statins for high blood pressure are at a 34% higher risk of hospitalisation for acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to those taking low potency statins. This risk remains elevated for two years after initiation, highlighting the need for clinicians to consider alternative options.
Researchers found that moderate-to-severe depression in heart failure patients increases their risk of death by almost 60% and emergency room visits by 35%. The study's lead author emphasizes the need for tailored treatment programs to manage depression in these patients.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have created an artificial material that can be controlled by electric signals. This breakthrough enables the rapid manipulation of metamaterial building blocks, leading to changes in transmission and reflection characteristics.