As chimpanzees grow from infant to juvenile, they develop increased susceptibility to human yawn contagion. Researchers found that yawning but not nose-wiping was contagious for juvenile chimpanzees, while infants found neither contagious. The results suggest a general developmental pattern shared by humans and other animals.
Researchers found that methylphenidate and atomoxetine, two FDA-approved ADHD medications, increase brain activation when making fine temporal distinctions. This improvement in brain function is linked to improved behavior in children with ADHD.
A Princeton University study found that plants have prevented climate change by absorbing 186 billion to 192 billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere since the mid-20th century. This 'carbon sink' has kept global temperatures cooler by one-third of a degree Celsius, preventing catastrophic climate change.
The lab of Dr. John Martin at City College of New York has received $3.7 million for studies on movement control and recovery after brain or spinal injury. The research aims to repair damaged nervous systems and develop therapies for humans with mobility impairments.
Researchers at Caltech's intermediate Palomar Transient Factory have detected a rare type of supernova in a nearby galaxy, providing evidence for the theory that it originated from a Wolf-Rayet star. Additionally, they found the afterglow of a gamma-ray burst, precisely locating its position using optical telescopes alone.
A new study from the University of Southern California has found that a genetic mutation associated with Alzheimer's disease can double the rate of brain tissue loss. This means that individuals carrying this mutation may experience symptoms earlier than expected, highlighting the need for targeted clinical studies and treatments.
Researchers from Brown University recruited frogs from the fair and compared their jumps to those in the lab. Most professional and rental frogs outperformed lab frogs, revealing a non-linear relationship between sample size and jump distance.
Researchers from Europe focus on conceptual issues, multigenerational perspectives and cross-cultural approaches to understand intergenerational relations. The book highlights new questions arising from the economic crisis, such as resource distribution and investment in education and healthcare.
Researchers have developed a device that can sort human cells based on their stiffness, which may help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately. The technology uses microfluidic channels and ridges to separate cells into two streams depending on their mechanical properties.
A national survey found that most Americans incorrectly believe miscarriage is rare and misunderstand its causes, leading to feelings of guilt and isolation. Rescue karyotyping provides critical information about the cause of miscarriage, which can reduce negative feelings.
Researchers from Harvard and MIT found that data visualizations with recognizable images, such as photographs and logos, and unusual types of charts like tree diagrams and network diagrams, are more memorable. This challenges the conventional wisdom that traditional charts are more effective.
Researchers have linked a new stripped-envelope supernova, named iPTF13bvn, to its star of origin using novel astronomical survey software. The team also pinpointed the first afterglow of a gamma-ray burst that was found by the Fermi satellite.
The American Chemical Society is researching everyday household products' safety, but significant progress is needed. The EPA relies on multiple sources to assess chemical risks, including computer programs, buying trends data, and laboratory tests.
A recent survey found that most master's graduates participated in at least one internship experience, leading to employment within the geosciences industry. Bachelor's and doctoral graduates, on the other hand, had lower participation rates and less favorable career outcomes.
Researchers suspect that killer whale menopause is related to the animals' social structure, where older females help protect and care for offspring and grandoffspring. The study aims to uncover why these whales evolved this trait, which may also shed light on human menopause.
Astronomers at Queen's University Belfast have found that small and dense neutron stars with gigantic magnetic fields power the most luminous supernovae. Contrary to existing theories, these stars' findings suggest a new explanation for the brightest exploding stars in the universe.
A study by UCL researchers found that abnormal levels of female hormones are a possible explanation for why women with BRCA1/2 mutations develop breast and ovarian cancer. The research suggests that targeting these hormones could lead to new ways of preventing cancers in high-risk women.
Researchers have discovered how an ALS mutation kills neurons and developed a therapeutic strategy to block this neurodegeneration. They used human skin cells from patients and converted them into neurons, finding that the abnormal genetic expansion causes cell death, dysregulated gene expression, and RNA toxicity.
Research finds that animal populations can significantly influence carbon storage and exchange in regional ecosystems, often rivaling the impact of fossil fuel emissions. This underplayed role highlights the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the indirect effects of animals on the carbon cycle.
Researchers have found that spraying broccoli with a plant hormone called methyl jasmonate boosts the levels of an enzyme that helps rid the body of carcinogens. Sulforaphane, a byproduct of glucosinolate breakdown, is a major contributor to this effect.
Researchers used GPS sensors to track fishers' movements and discovered they chose routes that deviated from predicted models, highlighting the importance of considering animal behavior in landscape planning. This approach could lead to more accurate corridor predictions and improved species conservation.
A new Pain and Interoception Imaging Network (PAIN) will feature hundreds of brain scans and clinical information to tease out similarities and differences between chronic-pain conditions. The database aims to improve research and treatment development for conditions like migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis.
A new study by Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München researchers has uncovered a novel effect that can stabilize quantum systems against decoherence. In principle, this effect offers a means to protect the integrity of quantum information and brings practical quantum computing closer to reality.
Researchers have discovered a 520-million-year-old fossilized nervous system in an extinct marine arthropod, revealing a spider-like brain structure. The ancient creature, Alalcomenaeus, had a central nervous system similar to that of horseshoe crabs and scorpions, linking its ancestors to the modern chelicerates.
A study found that lawsuits related to procedures when non-physicians operate the laser are increasing, particularly outside traditional medical settings. Non-physician operators, including nurse practitioners and medical assistants, were involved in 75.5% of hair removal lawsuits from 2004 to 2012.
Researchers found that older participants experienced more tip-of-the-tongue moments, but these experiences were not associated with actual memory problems. The study suggests that these frustrating occurrences are largely independent of each other.
Researchers have identified a biomarker for sepsis in the blood that can be screened for at a patient's bedside, enabling rapid diagnosis and treatment. This breakthrough has the potential to save thousands of lives by reducing diagnosis time from up to two days to just two hours.
A study of over 32,000 participants found that traumatic life events are the biggest cause of anxiety and depression. The research highlights the importance of a person's thinking style in determining their level of stress and anxiety.
Scientists at the Monell Chemical Senses Center and USDA have discovered that avian influenza virus can be detected based on odor changes in infected birds. The study identified specific chemical compounds associated with the odor changes, which may also serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases in humans.
Researchers found that realistic stories with identifiable characters and plots lead to 'narrative transportation,' a phenomenon where consumers mentally enter the story. Five characteristics - familiarity, attention, fantasizing ability, higher education, and female gender - contribute to this effect.
A recent molecular biology study suggests a significant reduction in population sizes of common ancestors of humans and chimpanzees, from 1.2 million to 30,000, coinciding with a great ape ancestral migration event from Eurasia to Africa.
Researchers at Princeton University have found that microRNAs can reduce the number of osteoclasts present in bones, inhibiting their forced labor. This could lead to effective treatment targets for tackling bone metastasis and help detect cancer's spread to the bone.
NYSCF and PPMI collaborate to develop stem cell lines from patients, enabling researchers to study Parkinson's disease progression. The partnership aims to identify biomarkers and accelerate treatment development.
A new NHS funding formula may prioritize age over deprivation, potentially widening the health gap between north and south. This shift could undermine equal opportunity of access for equal need, with poorer regions facing reduced services.
Scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have identified a mechanism that helps fruit flies adapt to diet changes as young animals, but this mechanism gets misregulated with age, leading to metabolic homeostasis disruption. The study's findings could lead to new treatments that preserve healthy metabolism during aging.
Researchers have developed PPMOs, which target specific genes in bacteria, offering a more precise and effective alternative to antibiotics. In animal studies, PPMOs showed significant control of certain strains of Acinetobacter, a bacterium resistant to many antibiotics.
A study of 66,111 pregnant women in Norway found that those with negative affectivity were more likely to engage in light alcohol use and binge drinking. This increased risk was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, highlighting the need for further research into this issue.
A new study from McGill University has discovered that nerve cells have a special mechanism, known as the 'pre-assembly' technique, which enables rapid protein production at synapses. This allows the brain to quickly form memories and adapt to new experiences, with potential implications for treating neurodevelopmental disorders.
Street-involved youth using crystal methamphetamine are at increased risk of injecting drugs, with the drug often used during initiation events. Researchers linked recent non-injection use of crystal methamphetamine to higher rates of subsequent injection among youth who did not inject initially.
A new optical imaging technique can accurately differentiate between breast cancer subtypes and detect responses to treatment as early as two days after therapy administration. The technique, known as optical metabolic imaging (OMI), measures the metabolic activity in cancer cells and generates distinct signatures for different types o...
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found that adding citrus fiber to ground beef improves nutritional quality by increasing cooking yield and adding fiber content. Citrus powder can be used as a replacement for bread crumbs in meatball recipes, offering a tangy flavor and potential health benefits.
Research identifies NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) as a promoter of bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis. Genetic disruption or inhibition of NOX4 has been shown to protect against bone loss in mouse models.
Researchers found high concentrations of PCBs, dieldrin, and DDE in river otters, indicating potential risks to human health. The study highlights the need for further research on factors contributing to wildlife exposure to these chemicals.
Research confirms GWI deficits in working memory, a critical cognitive function that enables short-term retention of information. Brain alterations reveal a unique neurobiological marker that could positively identify GWI, with potential implications for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have made an encouraging breakthrough in developing a gene therapy to treat macular dystrophy. They successfully delivered a healthy copy of the BEST1 gene to dogs using viral vectors, showing promise for preventing or restoring vision in individuals with these conditions.
Researchers have been studying the impact of an isoform on human resistance to fatigue, which occurs when muscles can't continue contracting. The study found that this isoform provides a 'turbocharger effect,' speeding up muscle function during exercise.
A new study reveals that microscopic suspension feeders overcome physical constraints by changing their angle relative to surfaces, maximizing access to fresh water and filtering the surrounding water. These tiny organisms filter up to 25% of seawater daily, making them essential for aquatic ecosystems.
A study of Medicare data reveals significant variability in PSA screening rates among primary care physicians for men over 75, with rates declining with age. Physician choice accounts for a substantial portion of this variation, highlighting the need for further investigation into its causes.
The Geological Society of America has published three Special Papers in celebration of its 125th anniversary, showcasing advances in geosciences, technologies, and societal impacts. The volumes highlight the past 50 years' progress, from understanding plate tectonics to exploring space and developing new technologies.
A team of researchers at the University of Copenhagen has developed a new 3D method to efficiently expand pancreatic cells, allowing for the growth of miniature human pancreas models. These models can be used to test new drugs and therapies for diabetes without the need for animal models.
The Block ICTR provides a comprehensive framework for translating biomedical discoveries into new treatments, with resources for community engagement, biostatistics, and clinical trials. Einstein and Montefiore will leverage their unique strengths to support innovative research programs across multiple disease areas.
Research finds giant magnetoresistance effect is sensitive to semiconductor device size, which affects electron scattering and resistance change under magnetic field application. High-quality semiconductors show larger changes in resistance with smaller devices.
A Northwestern University study found that the amount of eye contact a doctor makes is the most important factor in patient perception of empathy. Patients also gave doctors higher scores when they engaged in social touches like handshakes or pats on the back, but excessive touches decreased empathy.
A three-way partnership between UCLA, USC, and UC Irvine will form the Los Angeles–Southern California Regional Coordinating Center to address stroke prevention, acute therapy, and recovery. The network will perform five to 10 clinical trials and educate fellows in stroke translational research.
A small, wireless capsule has been developed to restore surgeons' sense of touch in minimally invasive surgeries. The system provides haptic feedback, allowing surgeons to feel pressure and tissue stiffness on a computer screen or with a commercially available 'haptic glove'.
Researchers Drs. Michael Hahn and Daniel Wolf Savin found evidence that magnetic waves can heat the corona, depositing most of their energy at low heights for widespread heat distribution. This discovery helps answer a 70-year-old solar physics conundrum about the Sun's extreme corona temperature.
A University of Missouri researcher found that sisters often serve as confidants, sources of support, and mentors during intimate conversations about dating and sexuality. Older sisters can aid prevention efforts by sharing advice and experiences with younger sisters.
Researchers at UT Southwestern have developed a new type of antibiotic called PPMO that successfully killed a multidrug-resistant germ common to health care settings. The technology targets specific genes essential for bacterial reproduction and offers promise against the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
A new blood test has been identified as a reliable biomarker for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), distinguishing it from Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The test targets high levels of vinculin antibodies in patients, offering a simple and effective diagnostic tool.
Neurosurgeon residents at UCSF implemented a quality improvement program to reduce unnecessary diagnostic laboratory tests, resulting in a 47% decrease and cost savings of $1.7 million. Patient care was not compromised, and the program improved patient satisfaction and reduced hospital costs.