Bioengineers at the University of California, Berkeley, have shown that physical cues can replace certain chemicals when nudging mature cells back to a pluripotent stage. The researchers found a four-fold increase in the number of cells that reverted back to an embryonic-like state compared with cells grown on a flat surface.
Researchers have discovered small molecules that attach to and disrupt the function of a KRAS-containing protein complex, potentially inhibiting cell growth and survival in cancer cells. These findings offer a new approach to targeting the common cancer protein KRAS.
Scientists at UMass Chan Medical School discovered that knocking out a gene important for mRNA translation restores memory deficits and reduces behavioral symptoms in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. The study suggests that the prime cause of the disease may be a translational imbalance, and restoration of this balance may be neces...
Novartis' LEE011 has demonstrated robust antitumor activity in preclinical trials, particularly when combined with other targeted therapies. The small-molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4/6 shows promise in treating melanoma and breast cancer resistant to BRAF and PIK3CA inhibitors.
Researchers tracked similarities in how human and rodent subjects adapted to errors in a simple time estimation task, finding that both species employed low-frequency brainwaves to synchronize neurons. This study suggests that rat models could be useful for studying psychiatric diseases.
A Phase III trial found that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) significantly reduces the incidence of severe canker sores (grades 3 and 4) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. LLLT also improves patient quality of life, reducing oral pain and opioid analgesic use.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute discovered that the flu virus infects host cells by killing off immune system's best-equipped cells that can neutralize the virus. This allows the virus to replicate efficiently before the immune system mounts a second wave of defense.
PF-06463922, a new investigational drug, has shown potent activity against the ALK protein kinase and its mutants, including those resistant to crizotinib. This offers a potential treatment option for patients with lung cancer harboring ALK gene abnormalities.
Scientists discovered that cellular projections are initiated by a network of message-relaying proteins inside the cell, even in random movement. The findings have implications for understanding and manipulating biological processes, including cancer metastasis.
New research reveals that groups cooperate less for climate change mitigation when rewards are in the future, especially for future generations. Despite initial investment, none of the groups achieved the target due to instant gratification.
A new study reveals that global ocean currents, rather than Earth's geometry, explain why the Northern Hemisphere receives more tropical rain. Icy waters from the poles influence seasonal rains crucial for crops in Africa and India.
Researchers have discovered a novel way to generate antibodies that target multiple flu viruses, offering new hope for developing a single vaccine against all strains. The study used the immune suppressant rapamycin to shift the immune response and favor production of broadly specific antibodies.
Researchers found that an unexpected flip in the Wnt signaling pathway causes hematopoietic stem cell aging. Blocking this protein, Wnt5a, rejuvenated aged HSCs in mice.
NTU scientists have made a breakthrough in solar technology by developing a new material that is five times cheaper to produce and generates almost as much power as current thin film solar cells. The material, called perovskite, converts up to 15% of sunlight to electricity, close to the efficiency of current solar cells.
A UCLA study has identified a biological clock embedded in the human genome that can accurately measure the age of diverse organs, tissues, and cell types. The clock found that some parts of the anatomy, like breast tissue, age faster than the rest of the body.
A study of wild mice found they prefer to sleep and eat near used nesting material and droppings, outweighing risk of disease. This contrasts with clean-living domesticated animals, which tend to avoid dirt due to plentiful food and reduced predator risks.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have created a method for combining different types of nanoparticles to produce large-scale composite materials. By using DNA-based assembly methods, they can control and optimize the properties of newly formed materials.
The investigational drug AZD9291, a third-generation EGFR inhibitor, has shown substantial tumor shrinkage in mice with lung tumors harboring activating and resistance mutations. It is well-tolerated and its breakdown product, AZ5104, also inhibits both forms of EGFR, providing new treatment options for patients.
Researchers at Joint Quantum Institute report direct observation of topological effects for light in two dimensions, creating ultrastable quantum 'playgrounds.' Photonic edge states exhibit persistent flow and near immunity against defects, similar to quantum Hall effect for electrons.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital finds that an inherited gene variation in the GATA3 gene is tied to a nearly four-fold increased risk of developing high-risk pediatric leukemia and a greater risk of relapse, particularly among Hispanic Americans.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered how fruit fly neurons integrate multiple signals to identify one unique smell. The brain uses a group of neurons called Kenyon cells, which have long protrusions that grasp projection neurons with a claw-like structure.
Researchers discovered that individual molecular muscles within cells respond differently to various forces, shedding light on how cells 'feel' their environment. A computer model predicts cell behavior in response to altered levels of these molecules, with implications for understanding cellular disorders like cancer and neurodegenera...