A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that ghrelin increases alcohol craving in heavy drinkers, suggesting a potential target for future treatments. The study, conducted in humans, built on previous animal research and found significant effects of ghrelin on alcohol desire.
Researchers developed a novel ultrasound technology to screen for heart conditions, enabling earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment. The technology helps identify blood flow patterns in the heart, which is crucial for diagnosing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy.
A groundbreaking study has identified over two dozen high-confidence autism genes, shedding light on the disorder's genetic architecture. The research also reveals a difference in genetic basis between 'higher-IQ' and 'lower-IQ' autism, with implications for early interventions.
A Drexel University researcher studied indoor aerosol spikes caused by cleaning products and air fresheners, revealing the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) due to limonene reactions. The study suggests a significant impact on indoor air quality, warranting further public health research.
A new study by CAGEKID consortium reveals a strong connection between kidney cancer and aristolochic acid, an ingredient in herbal remedies. The research found that genetic changes associated with this type of cancer were observed in patients from Romania with high frequency, suggesting exposure to aristolochic acid as a potential cause.
A recent study found that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) increases the risk of heart-related deaths in men with congestive heart failure or prior heart attacks. The study analyzed data from 5,077 men with prostate cancer, revealing a 3.3-times increased risk of heart-related deaths in this subgroup.
A team of UBC researchers has developed a synthetic antidote that can reverse the effects of all types of heparin used in clinics. The breakthrough has significant implications for cardiothoracic surgery and anticoagulant-related bleeding problems.
Scientists have developed micromotors that use water as fuel to rapidly neutralize chemical and biological warfare agents. The micromotors propelled titanium dioxide to accelerate the decontamination process, showing promise in combating these dangerous agents.
Researchers have discovered a 'wheel in a wheel' of dust and gas in the binary star system GG Tau-A, indicating that material is being transferred between the outer and inner disks. This finding has major consequences for potential planet formation, suggesting that multiple-star systems can form planets despite their complicated dynamics.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center successfully generated functional human stomach tissue in a laboratory using pluripotent stem cells. This breakthrough enables the study of stomach development and diseases, including cancer and diabetes.
A new study found that walking workstations significantly improve both physical and mental well-being during work hours. Participants showed increased satisfaction and reduced stress, boredom, and weight-related issues despite having varying levels of exercise habits or body mass index.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have devised an enzyme with unique properties that may have contributed to the origin of life on Earth. The new ribozyme works by knitting together a 'copy' strand of RNA using an original template, with the ability to make copies of its own left-hand mirror image.
The study reveals that the US and UK have higher internal inequality rates compared to some developing countries. Despite international trade reducing inequality footprints in many developed nations, these two countries remain exceptions.
George Dickson receives 'Scientist of the Year' award from the Muscular Dystrophy Campaign for his pioneering work on novel therapies for rare diseases like Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. The award recognizes his dedication to researching potential treatments and cures for people with DMD and related neuromuscular conditions.
Companies like Invista and Genomatica are pursuing plant-based nylon intermediates from sugar, while Coca-Cola is making progress toward a 100% biobased soda bottle. The main challenge to this shift is economics, with prices needing to drop to competitive levels and manufacturers investing in new facilities.
Researchers at MIT have created a new visualization system that projects a robot's intentions in real-time, enabling engineers to better understand and optimize their decisions. This technology has the potential to significantly improve the development of self-driving cars, package-delivering drones, and other autonomous vehicles.
Researcher Sean Young suggests that social media can be used to monitor and predict HIV transmission by analyzing psychological and health-related data from users. This approach has shown promising results in identifying individuals at risk of HIV transmission and increasing awareness of the disease.
A mathematical model developed by Duke University researchers shows how changes in North Carolina's congressional voting districts could affect election outcomes. The study found that re-ran elections with tweaked district boundaries resulted in drastically different seat splits, highlighting the need for redistricting reform.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that 48% of top 125 US college campuses have indoor tanning facilities on or near campus. The presence of these facilities may passively reinforce tanning behavior among young adults, increasing their risk for skin cancer.
A study published in Current Biology found that people's reactions to repulsive images can forecast their political orientation. The strength of a person's reaction was enough to predict an individual's political ideology with high accuracy. This research suggests that neural responses associated with disgust may be inherited and linke...
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have devised a new way to edit the genome without using enzymes or promoters, which may lead to a safer and longer-lasting treatment for genetic diseases like hemophilia. The technique successfully cured mice with hemophilia by inserting a gene for a clotting factor missing in the animals.
Researchers discovered an inversion of the standard meiotic phases in plant species with holocentric chromosomes, enabling them to distribute chromosomes correctly. This unique strategy involves an association between homologous non-sister chromatids and thin chromatin threads prior to the second meiotic division.
A recent study suggests that most ammonium deposited over the open ocean comes from natural marine sources, not human activities. The research used rainwater samples and nitrogen isotopes to separate human-made and natural sources.
Researchers found that aging astrocytes lose ability to protect motor neurons, but replacing old cells with engineered protein improves neuron survival. A specially engineered protein called GDNF increases motor neuron survival when cultured with aging astrocytes.
A new study published in the journal AGE found that both high-intensity aerobic and strength-training programs, as well as gross motor activities, can improve executive functions in older adults. The study suggests that physical activity is a key factor in maintaining cognitive health across age groups.
Researchers at Virginia Tech describe a new tool called VEIN pulse that uses bipolar pulses to enhance drug delivery to the brain. The technology has shown success in treating brain cancer and other neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy.
A study comparing gastric bypass procedures found that RYGB resulted in greater weight loss than AGB but had a higher risk of short-term complications. The average maximum BMI loss was 14.8 for RYGB patients, while AGB patients lost an average of 8.0 pounds.
A new study highlights the difficulty women with epilepsy face when becoming pregnant, as certain medications used to control seizures may be linked to developmental problems in children. The review of 28 studies found that children born to women who took sodium valproate had lower cognitive abilities than those whose mothers did not t...
A team of researchers is using a new state-of-the-art laser to study the effects of silver and silicone dressings on child burns wounds. The project aims to understand how deeply the products penetrate the skin and how much remains behind after removal, in order to develop more effective treatments and reduce scarring. Preliminary resu...
Researchers developed an EEG test to help diagnose persons at risk of developing mental illness and measure the effectiveness of treatment options. The test measures auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia patients, suggesting potential improvement with cognitive exercises.
A study found that ambient noise from human activities impairs nestling birds' ability to communicate effectively with their parents, leading to reduced responsiveness and increased vulnerability. Researchers suggest spreading urbanization and development can negatively impact birds' well-being through proximity to their habitat.
Researchers developed a new strategy to detect bladder cancer using CD47, a protein that signals the immune system not to attack. The technique improves bladder cancer detection, guides precise surgery, and reduces unnecessary biopsies, increasing patients' quality of life.
A new study suggests fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) can detect all colorectal cancers and 61% of advanced adenomas, similar to colonoscopy screening. FIT may offer a less invasive option for high-risk individuals with familial colorectal cancer.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center found that sleep apnea disrupts REM stage sleep, impairing spatial memory in humans. Sleep apnea can lead to longer completion times in a 3D maze, even when other sleep stages are intact.
Researchers found that contextual visual cues play a greater role in drawing viewers into a movie than screen size. The study, published in Perception journal, used miniature movie theaters with computer screens and cell phone displays to test the effect of environment on immersion.
A new study pinpoints the complex genetic origins of multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes and MS. The researchers discovered that specific DNA variations, even outside genes, can alter immune system functions. Epigenetic characteristics of immune cells were also found to play a crucial role in disease development.
Research reveals that four out of five Maasai households face severe food insecurity and nearly 60% of Maasai children are chronically malnourished. The study highlights the need for targeted initiatives to address the health needs of marginalized Maasai communities.
Beneficiaries in ACOs reported improved satisfaction with their care, with significant improvements in timely access to care and perceived coordination of care. However, no significant improvements were found in physician-patient communication skills.
Astronomers have discovered a 'wheel in a wheel' of dust and gas in the GG Tau-A binary star system, revealing a sustaining lifeline between the two discs. This finding supports planet formation by providing a mechanism for material to be transferred from the outer disc to the inner disc.
A new genetic study reveals a link between exposure to aristolochic acid and incidence of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer. The research, conducted on 94 patients from Europe, suggests that this plant compound may be a significant risk factor for kidney cancer, particularly in Central Europe.
A University of Michigan molecular biologist re-examines data from a controversial study claiming that complete food genes can pass into human blood. The researcher found evidence of contamination in laboratory samples, suggesting that DNA from food and skin microorganisms are present in the same sample tubes.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to predict which chemicals people are exposed to the most, ranking nearly 8,000 substances. The study aims to help prioritize future efforts to understand potential health risks of thousands of chemicals.
Researchers have developed a plaster that delivers caffeine to premature babies through a membrane, providing a continuous and stable dosage for several hours. The technology uses light-sensitive materials to control the delivery rate, allowing for individualized treatment.
Researchers from NIST and NOAA have developed a laser-based instrument that can accurately measure greenhouse gases over long distances. The technique uses frequency combs to detect gas signatures, providing precise measurements of atmospheric composition.
Researchers discovered over 70 additional likely ASD genes, with small differences in as many as 1,000 genes contributing to autism risk. The study found three pathways required for healthy development linked to greater autism risk, including chromatin remodeling.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona reveal a mechanism that allows differentiated cells to reactivate as stem cells again, a phenomenon seen in the liver's regenerative capacity. The key feature is the inhibition of endocycle entry, a modified cell cycle that prevents irreversible changes in gene expression.
Researchers have found structural abnormalities in the brains of people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a debilitating disease affecting over 1 million adults and children. The study suggests that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help diagnose and track CFS, using specific biomarkers to measure brain structure and function.
Researchers have identified 107 genes that contribute to the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), highlighting three key pathways: synaptic function, chromatin remodeling, and transcription. These findings provide a better understanding of genetic and cellular changes in ASD and may eventually lead to potential therapies.
A study examining prenatal phthalate exposure found a significant association between DiNP metabolites and shorter anogenital distance in Swedish boys at age 21 months. This link raises concern about the safety of recent phthalate substitutions, particularly for male reproductive health.
The review highlights oats' role in improving satiety, with a higher viscosity of oatmeal beta-glucan compared to ready-to-eat cereals. Oats also show potential benefits for digestive health, with resistant starch boosting beneficial bacteria in the gut.
Scientists found that Maculinea butterfly larvae mimic Myrmica ant queen sounds to fool workers into feeding them, even when the real ants are starving. The researchers recorded and analyzed sound signals emitted by both butterflies and ants, finding similarities in patterns between the two.
Researchers found that de novo mutations, including missense and likely gene-disrupting mutations, contribute significantly to autism. The study also identified recurrent gene-disrupting mutations in 27 genes as causal factors in severe cases.
A recent study leveraged BOLD specimen data to uncover new records of locality, provinces, territories, and states for Nearctic species of Microgastrinae wasps. The novel workflow enables researchers to utilize the vast amount of data stored on BOLD platforms, accelerating publication and dissemination of biodiversity-related research.
Tropical Cyclone Nilofar is being affected by strong southwesterly wind shear, causing clouds to be pushed away from its center. The storm is currently moving through the Arabian Sea with maximum sustained winds near 90 knots.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to analyze data from genome-wide association studies, pinpointing genetic variants that cause autoimmune diseases. The study found strong links between the immune system and neurologic disease MS, suggesting a primary role of the immune system in causing the disease.
A study of over 9,000 urban data sets from 20 cities reveals the growing availability and quality of these datasets, enabling better analysis and decision-making. The findings highlight the importance of integrating different data sets and overcoming challenges in accessing and utilizing this valuable resource.
A human pilot study presented at the SIO meeting in Houston showed that AHCC can eliminate HPV infection in women. Five out of ten participants achieved a negative HPV test result after taking AHCC orally for up to five months, suggesting a potential breakthrough in cancer prevention and treatment.
A new species of leopard frog, Rana kauffeldi, has been identified in the New York City metropolitan area through a combination of acoustic and genetic data. The species is found in open-canopied wetlands with upland patches and its range extends from central Connecticut to northeastern North Carolina.
Historian Emma Levitt uses 'score cheques' to analyze jousting tournaments and their impact on medieval masculinity. Her research reveals the cultural significance of tournaments in displaying manhood and explores how men like Charles Brandon, a skilled jouster, rose through the social ranks.
The Jujube genome has the highest degree of heterozygosity among sequenced plants, but BGI Tech's sequencing technology successfully decoded 98.6% of its genes, identifying 32,808 genes. This breakthrough will facilitate genetic improvement and selective breeding of Buckthorn fruit trees.