Researchers detected three instances of cross-species mating that influenced the evolutionary paths of old world mice, suggesting hybridization may not be an evolutionary dead end. The study found shared genetic code between two species of mice from Europe and Africa, with implications for human genetics and health.
Life expectancies for black people are shorter and more uncertain than those of whites. Researchers found that higher rates of white deaths among the young offset the higher homicide rates among blacks. Targeted interventions for sex and race may help reduce the disparity in lifespan variability.
A new UTMB study found that most patients using epinephrine autoinjectors incorrectly, with only 16% using the device properly. Inhaler users also made significant mistakes, with 63% missing three or more steps. Improving patient training is crucial to maximize medication effectiveness.
A hospital-based exercise program improves quality of life for adults with arthritis by reducing pain, stiffness, and fatigue. The study found that participants experienced a significant reduction in muscle/joint pain and improved balance after completing the program.
A novel orthomyxovirus, Wellfleet Bay virus (WFBV), has been linked to cyclic mass mortality events in eider ducks on Cape Cod. The study found that WFBV is likely tick-borne and contributes to the deaths, but other factors such as parasitic worms and stress may also play a role.
Researchers found evidence of significant social clustering in the ongoing Ebola outbreak, which has implications for case reporting and public health. The analysis estimated that up to 70% of cases were not reported, significantly lower than previous estimates.
The study reveals that more active neurons respond to a broader receptive field and play a crucial role in our sensory perception. The researchers used optogenetic stimulation to activate specific thalamic nuclei, finding that the posteromedial nucleus (POm) elicits a stronger response.
A Cornell University study reports for the first time how arteries form in the embryonic gut and guide the development of the lymphatic system, providing a new avenue to explore treatments for cancer metastasis and gut-specific lymphatic diseases. The research links a master-regulator gene, Pitx2, to artery and lymphatic formation.
The remnants of Tropical Cyclone Bakung persist in the Southern Indian Ocean, with NOAA-NASA's Suomi NPP satellite monitoring its possible re-development. Fragmented thunderstorms were detected southeast and northwest of the storm's center, indicating unstable conditions.
A new platform called GUIDE-seq detects unwanted DNA breaks induced by CRISPR-Cas RGNs across the entire human genome. The method is sensitive enough to detect off-target sites at a frequency as low as 0.1 percent in a population of cells.
A new study from UCLA found that combining social media with behavioral psychology increased HIV testing rates among men who have sex with men in Peru. The Harnessing Online Peer Education intervention was more effective than traditional care through social media, suggesting a valuable tool in the fight against HIV.
A new study found that veterans with a diagnosis consistent with transgender status are more likely to have serious suicidal thoughts and plans, as well as attempt suicide. The group's suicide death rate is higher than the general population of veterans, but similar to those with serious mental illnesses like depression or schizophrenia.
A study found that caffeine's effects differ when consumed with or without sugar, causing varied physiological responses among individuals. The research measured heart rate and carbon dioxide production before and after consuming sugar, caffeine, or both.
A comprehensive review of recent studies provides insight into the causes and consequences of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), offering doctors and patients actionable advice. The guide highlights the importance of aerobic exercise, mental activity, social engagement, and stroke prevention in reducing MCI progression.
The study analyzed data from multilingual Twitter users and Wikipedia editors, as well as book translations in 150 countries. It found that a language's centrality in the network predicts its global fame, with some networks correlating better with certain measures of fame than others.
A new study found that American states with higher levels of law enforcement efforts, such as traffic stops and DUI arrests, experienced lower rates of drinking and driving. The study examined data from the National Roadside Survey and found a significant association between these measures and impaired driving prevalence.
A Rice University study examines how nanoparticles move through the food chain, tracing uptake and accumulation in plant roots, leaves, and caterpillars. The research found significant variation in nanoparticle accumulation rates based on surface coating types, with negatively charged particles avoiding clumping altogether.
A team of researchers led by Kent State professor Michael Strickland has developed an exact solution to a complex physics equation, enabling more accurate modeling of the universe's earliest moments and high-energy particle collisions. The breakthrough has far-reaching implications for fields like galactic structure, supernovae, and he...
The FASEB MARC Program has announced the winners of its travel award recipients for the APS Professional Skills Training Course. Eight students and postdoctorates from underrepresented groups received a total of $9,600 to attend the course in Orlando, FL.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute found that a brain region called the lateral horn can categorize odors as good or bad and weak or strong. This ability is similar to the function of the amygdala in vertebrates, which evaluates sensory impressions and dangers.
A new study found groups of genes linked to imbalanced gut microbes in patients with IBD, offering a step toward developing targeted treatments. The research also confirmed the impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome imbalance, highlighting the complex interplay between genetics and environment.
A study by Mayo Clinic physicians found that high-definition optical lenses during colonoscopies can accurately evaluate polyps' precancerous or benign nature. The assessment was 96-97% accurate, potentially saving patients and healthcare systems substantial costs.
Researchers found that a past global warming period, the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum, had two rapid carbon release events about 55.5 million years ago, releasing an average of 0.9 petagrams of carbon per year, similar to modern anthropogenic emissions.
Researchers found that rewarding children with gifts, giving gifts as a way to show affection, and punishing them by taking away possessions can contribute to later materialism. This can lead to an increased risk of marital problems, gambling, financial debt, and decreased well-being.
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is providing critical support to two new microgrid projects, receiving over $8 million in funding. These projects aim to develop commercially-viable standardized microgrid controllers that can provide a reliable, affordable, and sustainable electricity supply.
Scientists have discovered that a genetic mutation associated with type 2 oculocutaneous albinism blocks ion channels in melanosomes, leading to a lack of melanin production. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying albinism and may inspire new treatment ideas.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University have developed a self-tinting smart window that requires zero electricity to operate. The window can darken or brighten in response to environmental changes, promising significant savings on cooling and lighting costs.
The La Caixa Foundation is funding 46 PhD students at 18 research centres across Spain, including the Center for Genomic Regulation. The programme aims to train internationally competitive scientists.
Researchers use light to control neurons in genetically-engineered mice, allowing for precise detection of odor dynamics. Mice demonstrate ability to discriminate between dynamic activities, suggesting neural population dynamics play a crucial role in the sense of smell.
A recent study published in the British Medical Journal found that losing 10 kilograms of fat requires 29 kilograms of oxygen to be inhaled, producing 28 kilograms of carbon dioxide and 11 kilograms of water. Most doctors, dieticians, and personal trainers incorrectly believe that the missing mass is converted into energy or heat.
A study analyzed 45 top-grossing children's cartoons and found that key characters were twice as likely to die as counterparts in adult films. Grisly deaths, such as shootings and stabbings, were common in these cartoons.
A new real-time radiation monitor significantly reduces radiation exposure for medical workers during cardiac-catheterization procedures, resulting in a one-third decrease in radiation exposure. The device provides auditory feedback, enabling operators to take actions to reduce radiation exposure and adopt safer radiation practices.
A study found that entecavir significantly reduced the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatitis and HBV reactivation among patients receiving rituximab-based chemotherapy. The rates were lower in the entecavir group compared to the lamivudine group, with significant reductions in HBV-related complications.
Duke University scientists developed new forensic tracers to identify coal ash contamination in water and distinguish it from other sources. The tracers provide additional fingerprints that give regulators a more accurate tool to trace coal ash effluents to their source.
A small study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that dense bacterial mats called biofilms are present in the majority of colorectal cancers and polyps, particularly on the right side of the colon. The presence of these bacterial bunches may increase cancer risk and form the basis of new diagnostic tests.
A recent study published in the Royal Society journal Interface suggests that humans have evolved to rely too heavily on social information, leading to a decrease in responsiveness to changes in their environment. This phenomenon, known as herd mentality, can result in groups becoming less effective at making decisions.
Researchers from the University of Manchester believe rising sea levels, not direct competition with jaws, led to the extinction of jawless fish. The study found that these ancient fish were reliant on shallow water environments and ecosystems, which declined as sea levels rose.
Nadine Aubry recognized for innovative research in fluid mechanics, pioneering work on low dimensional modeling of turbulent flow, and invention of micromixers enabling efficient fluid combination at low cost
Children who actively participated in music classes showed greater gains in speech processing and reading scores compared to less-involved peers. Music training improved neural benefits in the same areas of the brain traditionally weak in disadvantaged children.
A study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that people with less mitochondrial DNA in their blood are more likely to be frail and die earlier. The researchers hope to develop a test that can predict frailty and identify individuals who can benefit from lifestyle changes or medication.
Researchers found higher levels of education among those declared not criminally responsible for a crime and hospitalized. Additionally, incarcerated individuals with severe mental disorders had a greater history of suicide attempts and psychopathic traits, emphasizing the need for shared care models between legal and healthcare systems.
Using state-of-the-art sequencing technology, researchers identified thousands of differences in gene expression across six life stages and found that genes containing these regions were crucial to the maturation process of neurons during fetal development. The study's findings suggest a 'signature' found in cells from the earliest sta...
A low glycemic diet did not improve insulin sensitivity, lipid levels or blood pressure in a randomized controlled trial of 163 overweight adults. The study found that diets with high-glycemic index carbohydrates, such as the DASH diet, had similar effects on cardiovascular risk factors as those with low-glycemic index carbohydrates.
A study published in JAMA found that a low-glycemic index diet did not improve cardiovascular risk factors, such as blood pressure and lipid levels, or insulin sensitivity in overweight adults. The researchers also found that high-glycemic index diets had more negative effects on insulin sensitivity and LDL cholesterol levels
In a six-month trial, 49% of patients withheld clinically sensitive information from their healthcare providers. Patients sought control over who accessed their records, but doctors had mixed reactions. The study aimed to balance individual privacy with healthcare providers' needs for relevant data.
A new study found that Pacific oyster and Mediterranean mussel larvae are sensitive to the saturation state of seawater, which is lowered by increasing CO2 levels. The threshold for danger will be crossed decades to centuries ahead of when CO2 increases alone would pose a threat. Shellfish hatcheries alter water chemistry to create mor...
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center developed new technology that tracks eye movements to assess brain injuries, offering a potential biological marker for brain function and recovery. The study found abnormal eye movement ratios in patients with nerve damage or swelling in the brain, which were restored after surgery.
A combination of foundational policies and localized strategies can increase solar photovoltaic installations in any state. States with matching policy suites to their unique context have excelled, while economic factors must also be favorable for third-party ownership models.
The 2014 Monitoring the Future survey shows declining rates of teen prescription opioid abuse, cigarette smoking, and certain illicit drug use. However, e-cigarette use among teens is high and concerns remain about its health effects.
A new study identified different trajectories of alcohol-related blackouts (ARBs) in adolescents aged 15-19, finding that certain characteristics increase the likelihood of blackouts. The researchers recommend educating teens about the dangers of blackouts to modify their behaviors and prevent dangerous consequences.
Despite lingering issues of child obesity and poverty, the US sees significant advancements in safety, education, and stability for its kids. Test scores have risen, and more children are pursuing higher education and enrolling in preschools.
Researchers identified cocaine and amphetamine users as a higher-risk population for suicidal behaviour, with nearly six percent reporting a suicide attempt in the previous six months. The study suggests that stimulant drugs are associated with impulsive behavior and mood changes, which may contribute to the increased risk.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have discovered a way to directly reprogram skin fibroblasts into functional melanocytes, the body's pigment-producing cells. This technique has significant implications for developing new cell-based treatments for skin diseases and screening strategies for melanoma.
A team of Dutch researchers analyzed reported cases of Nintendo-related injuries and found a range of problems including seizures, incontinence, and tendonitis. Most issues are mild, but playing for extended periods or without breaks can lead to more severe health consequences.
Researchers at the University of Michigan's CYGNSS satellite system will offer improved wind speed and storm intensity forecasts. The system could reduce forecast errors by 9 knots or about 10 mph, which is a significant improvement considering hurricane strength categories increase every 20 mph.
A UBC research team has found a genetic link that can prevent sun-induced skin aging by blocking the activity of Granzyme B, an enzyme that breaks down collagen. The breakthrough could lead to new treatments for various conditions, including heart attacks and lung diseases.
Scientists suggest rewilding crops by reintroducing lost genes to regain beneficial properties like disease resistance and higher nutritional value. However, these genetically modified organisms may face challenges for market penetration due to consumer concerns.
Research indicates that typical-looking faces are considered to be the most trustworthy, with a U-shaped relationship between face typicality and trustworthiness. The study's findings have important implications for understanding social perception, including cross-cultural perceptions.
A study published in the British Journal of General Practice found that GPs often do not refer patients for cancer investigations due to concerns about raising patient anxiety. Researchers suggest that GPs should consider discussing cancer possibilities with more openness and involve patients in the decision-making process.
Researchers explore how bacteria survive destruction from antimicrobial peptides and uncover a strategy that can be disabled. A two-component system helps bacteria remove antimicrobial peptides, blocking their bactericidal effect.