A new study reveals that experienced decision-makers care even more about fairness than the general population. The more experience they have, the more they seek equitable offers. This finding challenges existing theories on international politics and may help explain gridlock in climate change negotiations.
A team of researchers from Central South University in China have demonstrated that photoacoustic imaging can distinguish cancerous from normal tissue and evaluate the stage of cervical cancer with high accuracy. This technique is non-invasive, faster, cheaper, and more effective than conventional methods like colposcopy.
Researchers found that too much Rbm38 reduces p53 levels, increasing cancer risk, while too little Rbm38 causes premature aging. The study suggests manipulating Rbm38 could have therapeutic benefits by targeting p53 in tumor cells.
Scientists at Indiana University and colleagues have demonstrated a technique for correcting genetic mutations in sperm-producing adult stem cells, a breakthrough that could prevent inherited defects in future generations. The method uses homologous recombination to repair flawed segments of DNA with correct ones.
Aristolochia rotunda uses mimicked insect compounds to lure flies that feed on insect secretions, a unique pollination strategy discovered by researchers. This system challenges the long-held assumption that these plants mimic egg-laying sites of fly pollinators.
A new study reveals that crows have a minimal impact on bird species abundance, contradicting conservation efforts to control their populations. Corvids are actually being threatened by human activities unrelated to their presence.
A new study found that Montmorency tart cherry juice helped cyclists recover from intense exercise by maintaining muscle function and reducing inflammatory responses. The study showed a 4% reduction in oxygen consumption at 24 hours compared to the placebo group, indicating improved exercise efficiency.
The study found that Herceptin significantly improved 10-year survival from 75 percent to 84 percent when added to chemotherapy. Additionally, the 10-year disease-free survival rate increased from 62 percent to 74 percent with the addition of trastuzumab.
A recent study published in BioScience found that media reports on behavioral genetics can lead to unfounded beliefs and misunderstandings among the public. The study involved reading articles about research in genopolitics and asking participants to estimate the influence of genes on various traits.
A recent study using whole genome sequencing of ancient and modern horses has identified 125 candidate genes involved in physical and behavioral traits. The research also highlights the 'cost of domestication', including increased levels of inbreeding and deleterious mutations in domesticated horses.
A study found that patients often believe taking antibiotics can't hurt and might make them better, even if they have a viral infection. Researchers are calling for new education tactics to address these misconceptions and reduce overprescription of antibiotics.
Researchers have found evidence of Viking/Norse metalworking in Arctic Canada, dating back to the 11th century. The discovery includes a stone crucible with fragments of bronze and glass, which suggests that Indigenous peoples did not practice high-temperature metalworking.
Research by Indiana University scientists reveals that soil mineral surfaces determine nitrous acid release into the atmosphere, playing a pivotal role in smog formation and greenhouse gas lifetime. This finding could contribute to improved models for understanding and controlling air pollution, a significant public health concern.
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers have identified a cell signaling mechanism that plays a crucial role in brain cancer growth and may provide a new therapeutic target. Non-canonical epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is highly active in glioblastomas, making tumor cells more resistant to chemotherapy treatment.
A new study links molecular signaling pathways in the gut, intestinal microbiome, and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Disruption of the gut microflora prevented NAFLD in mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting that altering microbial populations may protect against the disease.
A study published in Pediatrics reveals that late clamping of the umbilical cord increases antioxidant capacity and reduces inflammatory effects in newborns. This research led by the University of Granada found a beneficial effect on newborn development after delaying clamping by two minutes.
Researchers have developed a new method for authenticating physical keys using quantum mechanics, making it impossible to spoof or copy. This 'Quantum-Secure Authentication' uses the unique properties of light to create a secure question-and-answer exchange.
A study by Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research found that exposure to volatile organic compounds from new flooring before and after birth can cause breathing problems in early childhood. Renovations during pregnancy significantly increase the risk of wheezing in infants, particularly those with asthma or allergies.
Researchers found that pubic hairs harbor distinct microbial communities, which can distinguish between males, females, and individual people. These findings suggest that microbial 'signatures' from pubic hairs could be used as a new way to link offenders to victims in sexual assault cases.
A Johns Hopkins University analysis finds that climate change will make cities like New York and Philadelphia more susceptible to blackouts caused by future hurricanes. The team predicts a 50% increase in power outages in these cities, with Miami and New Orleans expected to see a 30% increase.
Dr. Mark DeCoster's team will use NSF funding to develop artificial cell technology paired with educational software for hands-on experiments and visualization tools for students. The goal is to benefit both basic research and industry applications while generating income and jobs in the region.
Researchers found that parrots and crows, particularly New Caledonian crows, Goffin cockatoos, Black Palm cockatoos, and Kea, demonstrated complex object-object combinations during play. These species also combined their toys with playground objects at high rates.
During the annual hajj pilgrimage, scientists detected high levels of air pollutants, including carbon monoxide and benzene, in Mecca. The exposure to these chemicals increases the risk of heart failure, headaches, and other serious health issues, highlighting the need for improved regulations and reduced emissions.
A new taxonomic toolkit has resolved a century-long neglect of the Ophion parasitic wasp genus, revealing six new species and redefining the group's diversity. The toolkit uses a combination of molecular and morphometric analyses to accurately describe species, increasing confidence in taxonomy.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have created a 'green' process that reduces molecular switching waste by harnessing visible light. The new method efficiently modulates molecular switches without generating waste, opening up potential for industrial applications in fields like anti-cancer drug delivery and LCD displays.
A Northwestern University-led team uses cutting-edge technology to capture images of zinc sparks in egg cells, revealing a crucial role for zinc in regulating biochemical processes. The study's findings could improve in vitro fertilization methods by identifying high-quality fertilized eggs.
Researchers identify a proactive approach to help low-SES smokers quit smoking, with telephone-based motivational counseling and free nicotine replacement therapy increasing quit rates. The study found that community resources, such as physical activity and job counseling referrals, were crucial in promoting tobacco cessation.
Researchers identified a possible therapy to treat NF1 by reversing anatomical defects in the cerebellum with an ERK pathway inhibitor. This approach may reverse some aspects of the disease despite embryonic gene loss.
Researchers tracked magma flow through cracks in Iceland's Vatnajökull ice cap, forming a new layer of crust as the Bárðarbunga volcano erupted. The study found 'ice cauldrons' and subsidence within the caldera, providing insights into the Earth's crust formation and plate tectonics.
Researchers at MIT have identified a link between Musashi proteins and the regulation of cancer cell proliferation. The study found that these RNA-binding proteins can force cells into an epithelial state associated with increased growth, making them a promising target for diagnostic markers and potential treatments.
A study by Ting Qian and Richard Aslin shows that our brains are wired to detect patterns in data, even if they don't lead to correct conclusions. This tendency is built into cognitive processes, providing information on possibilities that might not have been considered otherwise.
A recent study by Caltech neuroeconomists found that the speed at which people factor in healthiness affects their ability to exercise self-control. On average, taste information begins to drive food choices 200 milliseconds before health information does.
This special issue of the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences presents new research on the systematics, biogeography, and palaeoecology of the Danek Bonebed, a rich source of Edmontosaurus specimens. The bonebed has produced over 800 catalogued specimens, contributing to our understanding of Late Cretaceous dinosaur communities.
Researchers analyze ancient teeth to determine the plant-based food sources of Easter Islanders before European contact. The study finds that starch grains in dental calculus are consistent with modern sweet potato, contradicting previous findings on palm as a staple food.
Researchers used virtual bodyswapping to decrease white people's unconscious biases against black individuals and adults' childlike stereotypes. The results suggest a potential method for approaching phenomena like racism, religious hatred, and gender inequality.
Thomas Scheff's research aims to define basic emotions, particularly shame, using historical and linguistic analysis. He identifies two types of shame: overt and bypassed, which are often hidden or misnamed in modern societies.
A randomized clinical trial found that a telephone-based motivational counseling intervention with tobacco treatment specialists increased quit rates among low-SES adult smokers compared to usual care. The program also showed promise in addressing social context factors related to smoking, with women, blacks, and those living in low-in...
Research suggests that occasional heroin use among HIV-positive patients can lead to lower CD4 cell counts, indicating a weakened immune system. This preliminary study found that intermittent heroin users had lower CD4 counts compared to those who consistently abused the drug.
Researchers found that black patients' poorer health at diagnosis, not treatment differences, explains most of the racial disparity in colon cancer survival. Emphysema detected on CT scans is linked to increased mortality among those without airflow obstruction or COPD.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that children treated with oral antibiotics did not experience more treatment failures than those treated with PICC-delivered antibiotics. Oral medication offers a safer alternative to IV therapy, reducing the risk of serious complications like infections and blood clots.
The COUNTDOWN research consortium aims to improve drug distribution and integration into broader health system responses for NTDs. It will trial and evaluate new approaches targeting those overlooked and excluded.
The Carnegie Institution has published a new report on the mysterious 90% of Earth's carbon, exploring its quantities, movements, forms, and origins. The Deep Carbon Observatory, led by Robert Hazen and Russell Hemley, aims to answer remaining questions about this essential element.
A new study finds that driving electric vehicles powered by renewable energy can reduce air pollution-related deaths by up to 70%. The research also shows that switching to natural gas-powered electricity or vehicles yields significant health benefits. In contrast, vehicles running on corn ethanol or coal-based electricity would increa...
Scientists have identified a neural circuit in the mouse brain that regulates attention and sensory processing, providing insight into how the brain filters out distractions. The discovery has implications for devastating psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, which are characterized by significant attention deficits.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have found that the immune systems of patients with celiac disease react to specific types of non-gluten protein in wheat. A group of molecules known as serpins, along with four other types of wheat protein, are identified as novel non-gluten immunogenic proteins.
The University of Nevada, Reno has partnered with Renown Health to bring new functional MRI technology to northern Nevada. This partnership will enable researchers to study neural activity patterns in the brain, revolutionizing neuroscience and leading to new discoveries about brain function and its impact on injury or disease.
A new study found that most heart attack patients do not receive sexual counseling from their healthcare provider, with only 12% of women and 19% of men reporting such advice. The researchers recommend that healthcare providers raise the issue of resuming sexual activity with their patients, as it is an important aspect of overall health.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that patterns of molecules called long noncoding RNAs can predict response to chemotherapy and overall survival in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The study identified a group of 48 lncRNAs associated with survival, allowing for personalized treatment approaches.
A Chapman University study found that 24.1% of tested herbs from Los Angeles and Seattle markets contained E. coli, while one sample showed Salmonella. The research highlights the need for better food safety measures at farmers' markets.
Research shows adding chemotherapy drug carboplatin or blood vessel-targeting drug bevacizumab to standard preoperative chemotherapy increases pathologic complete response rates for women with basal-like triple-negative breast cancer. The drugs also showed benefits in certain gene signatures associated with aggressive disease.
A study by the University of Hawaii Cancer Center found nearly 30% of Hawaiian teens had tried e-cigarettes, with 17% using them only. The rate is three times higher than previously reported US studies. E-cigarette manufacturers' aggressive marketing and wide availability may contribute to this trend.
A 50-year study on Australia's protected rainforests has found that the earliest life stages of individual trees are more critical to the overall diversity of the forest than later stages. The research, conducted by LSU ecologist Kyle Harms and his collaborators, used a dataset from Joseph Connell's long-term ecological research study.
A new algorithm allows for the efficient decomposition of 3D objects into pyramidal parts, minimizing material waste and saving print time. This breakthrough has significant implications for 3D printing, molding, and casting, enabling the creation of complex shapes with minimal support material.
Researchers identified increased risk of jaw bone disease in patients taking osteoporosis medications, anticancer drugs, or glucocorticoids. Prevention strategies include good oral hygiene, antibiotics, and surgical treatments to protect at-risk individuals.
Parkinson's patients, medics, and carers identified top 10 research priorities for managing the condition. The list includes balancing treatments for falls and improving sleep quality, as well as addressing stress, anxiety, and dyskinesias.
Researchers have discovered that intercalating lead atoms on graphene creates a powerful magnetic field, revolutionizing spintronics. This property could enable the control of electron spins, leading to advancements in data storage and other applications.
A new study offers tailored approaches to help spouses reintegrate and rebuild their relationship after a partner's combat deployment. Strategies include emotional acceptance, effective communication, and maintaining trust.
A study by City College of New York psychology Professor Irvin Schonfeld found a strong connection between burnout and depression in school teachers. 90% of the subjects identified as burned out met diagnostic criteria for depression, highlighting the overlap between the two conditions.
Researchers found that ancient global warming resembled modern climate shift, involving two pulses of carbon emissions. The Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum, which occurred 56 million years ago, showed similar rates of carbon release to human fossil-fuel emissions today.
Araim Pharmaceuticals' ARA 290 peptide shows clinically significant pain reduction and improved metabolic control in type 2 diabetics. The novel agent is engineered to activate the innate repair receptor, which turns off inflammation and turns on the body's natural repair system.