Research suggests that saving previous information helps free up cognitive resources, improving memory for new information. By 'offloading' old data, individuals can allocate mental resources to learn and remember new material.
Scientists at the University of Exeter have developed a new method to diagnose epilepsy using mathematical modeling and brain electrical activity analysis. This approach reveals subtle differences in brain network properties that enhance susceptibility to seizures in people with idiopathic generalized epilepsies.
A study published in JAMA found that many breast cancer surgery patients do not receive shorter radiation treatment, despite guidelines recommending it for selected patients. Hypofractionated WBI has been shown to be equally effective as conventional WBI but with lower health care costs and reduced treatment burden.
Researchers found that microglia cells in autism brains are perpetually activated and their genes for inflammation responses are turned on. The study is the largest so far of gene expression in autism brains, analyzing data from 104 brain samples.
Researchers will use techniques like molecular scalpels and laser tweezers to study G-quadruplex structures in human telomeres. The goal is to understand how these units are structured and distributed, which could lead to new anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers have developed a method to track the movement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through the human body, shedding light on their role as carcinogens. The technology uses accelerator mass spectrometry to detect tiny amounts of PAHs in blood and explore how they are processed by humans.
Washington State University researchers are working on a five-year NIH grant project to develop new bone-like coating materials that will allow titanium-based implants to integrate better into the body. The goal is to improve implant success rates, particularly for younger patients and those undergoing revision surgeries.
Researchers reconstructed how fungus-growing ants improved their clonal crops into a robust farming system. The ant farmers lost the ability to produce vital amino acids and enzymes themselves, relying on the fungus for delivery.
Researchers at Scripps Translational Science Institute are using DNA to investigate sudden deaths in San Diego County, aiming to identify genetic mechanisms and develop preventative screening programs. The study hopes to provide closure for families and potentially save lives.
A recent study published in Nature Communications sheds light on chromosome segregation and its impact on cancer development. Researchers discovered that mutations in the BubR1 protein can cause cancer by disrupting correct chromosomal passage.
Researchers at the University of Rochester used imaging technique to show how brain heals itself after surgery, predicting vision recovery based on myelin insulation. This finding could have implications for treating various central nervous system injuries.
Scientists from USGS and Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History discover new genus and species of bivalve mollusk, Wallerconcha, in deep-water sediment cores from the Beaufort Sea. The discovery is named after Dr. Thomas R. Waller and Sara Powell, co-authors of the study.
Researchers identified rare APOA5 gene mutations linked to high triglycerides and increased heart attack risk. The study found that these mutations also raise LDL receptor mutation prevalence, underscoring the role of triglyceride metabolism in early-onset heart attacks.
A recent study by the University of Manchester has investigated the effects of weak magnetic fields on human proteins, including those crucial for health. The research found no detectable impact on key proteins, suggesting that power lines and other electrical devices may be safer than previously thought.
Researchers identified two subtypes of breast cancer, Epi-Basal and Epi-Luminal B, which differ in their epigenetic patterns. The subtype Epi-Luminal B is associated with reduced survival rates and requires adjuvant chemotherapy.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered an ingredient, inulin-propionate ester (IPE), that stimulates gut hormones to reduce hunger and prevent weight gain. The study found that IPE supplementation reduced body weight and fat accumulation in overweight volunteers.
Added sugars, especially fructose, are likely to have a greater impact on high blood pressure and heart disease than salt. Reducing processed food intake containing added sugars can help mitigate cardiovascular risk. The authors argue that dietary guidelines should be more stringent in limiting sugar consumption, particularly among teens.
A new NYIT study reveals that rats treated with thyroid hormones had a reduced risk of developing dangerous heart arrhythmias following a heart attack. The findings could have important implications for future treatment of human patients with heart failure, who often suffer from atrial fibrillation.
A new study reveals that two-thirds of women treated for early-stage breast cancer in the US receive longer radiation therapy than necessary, despite multiple randomized trials and professional society guidelines showing that hypofractionated radiation is clinically effective and less costly.
A phase-Ib clinical trial found durable responses in almost one out of five patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer treated with pembrolizumab. The treatment produced significant activity, with five patients experiencing complete or partial responses, and seven others showing stable disease.
Researchers at Rice University developed a model to quantify the last unknown characteristic of film formation. Hot monomers can make islands grow or knock other molecules off, affecting film properties.
A new study has identified key steps for hospitals to improve care for pregnant mums and babies affected by congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The report highlights inconsistencies in care delivery, with some areas showing better patient-centered models. Key recommendations include focusing acute care on specialist centers and deve...
A new study predicts eastern Pacific marine species will shift poleward due to climate change, altering fish communities and fishing grounds. The study suggests some species will move into habitats of other marine life to the north, while others may disappear from areas at their southern ends.
A new Rutgers-led research study found that patients with heart disease who receive transfusions during surgeries do just as well with smaller amounts of blood. The study measured overall mortality and found no evidence of increased mortality from cardiovascular disease or severe infection due to the amount of blood given after surgery.
A new study published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs suggests that laws limiting alcohol outlet density can reduce rates of intimate partner violence. Communities with fewer alcohol outlets tend to have lower rates of partner abuse, according to researchers.
Recent research on early hominid diets highlights the limitations of using modern technologies alone to understand their eating habits. A holistic approach is needed, considering factors such as habitat, anatomy, and cognitive abilities. This interdisciplinary method can provide a more accurate picture of our ancestors' diets.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have developed a way to replace the meniscus with a personalized 3D-printed implant infused with human growth factors, promoting tissue regeneration in sheep. The therapy could provide an effective and long-lasting repair of damaged menisci, reducing the risk of arthritis.
Researchers have created the first empty clathrate of a new form of ice, known as Ice XVI, which has significant implications for understanding its physical chemistry. The discovery may lead to improved methods for transporting and storing energy, reducing costs and environmental impact.
Research by University of Zurich linguist Simone Pfenninger found that students with strong German language skills tend to excel in English, even if they start learning the latter at a later age. In contrast, early foreign language learning can sometimes hinder L1 development in the short term.
Researchers found that propolis, a substance from honeybee hives, encourages hair growth in mice by increasing special cells involved in the process. The study suggests that propolis' anti-inflammatory compounds could help treat balding conditions.
A study found that racial and ethnic disparities in acute care narrowed significantly as hospitals improved quality, with nine major disparities mostly disappearing by the end of 2010. Hospitals serving minorities made faster improvements and delivered more equal care to white and minority patients over time.
A study of 9,387 men with fertility issues found a correlation between poor semen quality and various health conditions, including hypertension and skin/endocrine disorders. The study suggests that treating male infertility may also benefit overall health.
Researchers found that a small group of pneumatic devices and wells with frequent liquid unloadings are responsible for the vast majority of methane emissions from natural gas production sites. The study confirms regional differences in methane emission levels, with highest emissions in the Gulf Coast and lowest in the Rocky Mountains.
Researchers at MIT have successfully turned on any desired gene in living cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. This breakthrough enables scientists to study gene function and identify genes involved in diseases, such as melanoma. The new method has also been used to screen for genes that confer resistance to cancer drugs.
Researchers identified two compounds that inhibit mitochondrial energy enzyme MDH2, blocking cardiac damage caused by doxorubicin and reducing heart failure risk. The findings suggest that these compounds could improve cancer treatment outcomes while minimizing cardiac toxicity.
A new study by a Pitt researcher reveals that there is limited scientific data on how long the Ebola virus can survive on surfaces, in water, or in liquid droplets. This knowledge gap makes it challenging to develop effective disinfection practices to prevent the spread of the disease.
A study from the University of Texas at Dallas found that family-friendly policies significantly increase productivity and are related to higher labor productivity. The study also discovered a positive relationship between unionization and increased productivity and lower turnover rates.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide found that patients who managed their lifestyle factors were five times more likely to have long-term survival without any further heart arrhythmia. The intensive risk factor management program improved arrhythmia-free survival rates from 18% to 87% after five years.
A new fMRI test can detect neural dysfunction in HIV-positive individuals before they exhibit cognitive decline, according to a Georgetown University Medical Center study. The researchers found that the neural specificity in brain regions associated with face processing is reduced in HIV-positive participants.
A new study in the Journal of Marketing Research found that contingent match incentives significantly increase donations from non-profit organizations. Donors are more likely to upgrade to recurring donations when they believe their donation will be matched if at least 75% of donors agree.
Research from Nepal's Chitwan National Park found that leopards avoid tigers by seeking different locations to live and hunt, while shifting their activity patterns to nighttime. The study highlights the complexity of human-wildlife interactions and the need for conservation efforts to account for these dynamics.
Researchers discovered a possible genetic link between brain inflammation and oxidative stress in children with leukemia treated for cancer. Variants in four genes related to these processes were significantly associated with neurocognitive effects, raising hope for potential interventions to reduce long-term cognitive late effects.
A new clinical trial demonstrates that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improves motor learning and retention in hemiparetic stroke patients. The study used functional MRI to record cerebral activity, showing a significant improvement in motor performance after real tDCS stimulation.
Scientists have developed a new light-based tool to monitor and improve swimming technique and aid in muscle recovery. The technology uses near-infrared spectroscopy to measure muscle oxygenation underwater, providing valuable feedback for swimmers and helping track rehabilitation progress.
A Kansas State University research project developed a simulation model to assess the impact of vaccination strategies and livestock herd types on foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks. The study found that effective control methods can be implemented while minimizing harm to the livestock industry.
A new report from NYU and the University of Michigan examines how teachers are using digital games to assess student learning and provide ongoing feedback. Key findings include that over half of teachers use digital games weekly or more often, with elementary school teachers being most likely to do so.
Researchers found that higher-earning clinicians earn more by providing more services per patient, rather than seeing more patients. This challenges the current fee-for-service payment model, which may not incentivize clinicians to prioritize quality of care.
A new study finds that climate change may tip the scales in favor of invasive wetland plants, which can outcompete native species due to their natural phenotypic plasticity. As environmental changes occur, invasive species will gain an advantage over native species, potentially reducing biodiversity and ecosystem function.
Researchers developed a blood test that detects changes in zinc isotopic composition to identify biomarkers of early breast cancer. A pilot study showed promising results, with the ability to detect key differences in zinc caused by cancer.
While some argue that a 48-hour working week has led to negative effects on medical training, others find no evidence to support these claims. Several reviews conclude that high-quality training can be delivered within this time frame, and trainees are increasingly satisfied with their training.
Researchers from Mainz and Würzburg have developed new active substances for treating the dengue virus, showing a high effectiveness rate even at low concentrations. The new inhibitors target only dengue viruses without affecting similar Hepatitis C viruses.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have identified a genetic variation in the ERAP1 enzyme that increases an individual's susceptibility to Ankylosing Spondylitis. Genetic testing for this variation may enable earlier diagnosis and improved management of the condition.
Delayed cancer diagnoses are often caused by limitations in scientific knowledge and the delivery of healthcare, not poor professional performance. Despite this, policy initiatives focusing on GP referral times may be ineffective. Researchers advocate for better information about diagnostic challenges to improve diagnosis and care.
ANG4043 shows therapeutic brain concentrations in healthy mice and in mice bearing intracranial HER2+ tumors, increasing median survival time by 78% in a HER2+ intracranial tumor model. This technology has the potential to create brain-penetrant mAbs for treating neurological diseases.
A new Northwestern University study found that implementing duty hour restrictions in 2011 did not improve surgery patients' outcomes, but may have hurt patient safety and resident education. The study suggests that these restrictions disrupted the continuity of caring for surgical patients.
A computer system was found to be more effective than doctors in collecting and translating accurate patient data, resulting in more complete and organized reports. The technology has the potential to enhance medical care quality and improve outcomes by harnessing thorough patient information.
A new study by UC Irvine neurobiologists suggests that multiple, short learning sessions can strengthen memory formation in fragile X syndrome. Trained using this method, fragile X model mice performed as well on memory tests as normal mice.
A recent study found that the number of US medical schools with student-run free clinics (SRFCs) has increased by more than half, with 106 institutions participating in the program. The SRFCs provide essential healthcare services to underserved populations and offer valuable educational opportunities for medical students.
Researchers at Texas Biomed are using new genomic tools to analyze individual malaria parasites, allowing for more effective treatment and vaccine design.
Researchers found that e-cigarettes are less addictive than traditional cigarettes, with higher nicotine concentration and longer use leading to greater dependence. The study suggests that e-cigs may have health advantages over cigarettes due to lower levels of toxic substances.