Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered that graphene can be used to create ultrafast filters for liquid water, with an astonishingly accurate mesh that allows precise separation of atomic species. The filters also exhibit 'ion sponging' properties, sucking up small ions and concentrating them internally.
A study published in Neuron reveals a connection between genes controlling neuronal excitability and working memory, psychiatric disease, and brain activity. The researchers identified a network of genes that plays a crucial role in human brain function, highlighting the importance of understanding its dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Researchers are leveraging big data from social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter to better understand human behavior and social dynamics. Studies have found differences in communication patterns between parents and children, as well as predictors of postpartum depression.
Researchers have found a way to create platelets without donated blood, potentially solving supply shortages and ensuring treatments for all who need them. The new method involves deriving functional platelets from human induced pluripotent stem cells, offering an alternative to traditional blood donations.
Researchers have identified a novel role for the adaptor protein p66shc in regulating glucose metabolism, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer and diabetes. Silencing p66shc enhances glucose metabolism and cell growth, indicating it may act as an energy sensor that responds to nutrient availability.
The study of energetic particles at the edge of our solar system suggests that the galactic magnetic field wraps around our heliosphere, influencing the orientation of energetic particles. The research combines data from IBEX and ultra-high-energy cosmic ray physics to provide a more complete picture of the interactions between the two.
A new Penn Medicine study found that mental health patients are up to four times more likely to be infected with HIV than the general population. Researchers tested over 1,000 patients in care and detected several new HIV cases, highlighting the need for routine testing in mental health settings.
Immunologists at the University of Bonn have disproved a long-held classification of immune cells, finding that macrophages can take on multiple forms. This discovery offers new hope for treating diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, and cancer.
Researchers found Hispanic stroke patients in border states received fewer clot-busting drugs than non-Hispanics and had a higher mortality rate. In contrast, non-border state hospitals showed no difference in death rates between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients.
A study published by the American Society of Nephrology found that intensive dialysis treatments in pregnant women with kidney failure lead to higher live birth rates, with fewer complications. Infants born to these mothers tend to be healthier at birth when their mothers receive more frequent and longer dialysis sessions.
A new study has modelled the relationship between variations in leasing and selling market prices using almost 10 years of data from the US. The researchers found that when selling prices go up, leasing rates tend to decrease, highlighting the need for a more accurate pricing approach for lease vehicles.
New research found that older children are more likely to be overweight when living in close proximity to a high density of unhealthy eating outlets. The study, which analyzed data from over 1 million children, suggests that planning policies can help tackle childhood obesity by reducing the availability of unhealthy food options.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab find that orbital fluctuations in iron-based compounds enhance electron pairing, a key mechanism behind superconductivity. By precisely pinning down electron distributions, they open a new frontier for condensed matter physics.
Five chemists from Indonesia, Jamaica, Nigeria, Uzbekistan and Yemen are being honored with Elsevier Foundation Awards for Early Career Women Scientists in the Developing World. The winners were selected for their impressive accomplishments in applying chemistry to pharmaceutical science.
A study reveals that zinc levels inside cartilage cells regulate and respond to the destruction of cartilage tissue in joints. The researchers identified a molecular pathway involving the protein ZIP8, which transports zinc and leads to cartilage destruction.
A new genetic chip will enable salmon breeders to detect fish with desirable genes, improving growth and resistance to diseases such as sea lice. The chip carries over 20 times more genetic information than existing tools and can be used to select the best breeding stock.
Dr. Brenda Milner, a cognitive neuroscience pioneer, has received the Dan David Prize for combating memory loss. Her groundbreaking research has had a profound impact on clinical domains, including traumatic injury and degenerative diseases.
NOAA researcher Sue Moore says Arctic marine mammals respond to climate change by shifting their distribution, timing of movements, and feeding locations. This provides clues on how the ecosystem is responding to changes in sea ice, warming temperatures, and increased storminess.
This year's awards recognize Dr. Stephen H. White for membrane protein folding research, Dr. Judith Frydman for eukaryotic cell protein folding mechanisms, and others for their groundbreaking contributions to the field.
A study found that giving stroke patients intravenous magnesium within an hour of symptom onset does not improve stroke outcomes, while working with paramedics can increase the chances of administering potentially brain-saving drugs in time. The researchers plan to continue searching for new treatments and are grateful for the collabor...
A survey of 162 stroke survivors found that over half resumed driving after their stroke, despite potential impairments. Only 5.6% received a formal driving evaluation, highlighting the need for pre-driving assessments to ensure safety.
Researchers discovered that altering chemotherapy drugs to react only with palladium could minimize damage to healthy cells. By implanting devices coated with palladium into tumours, the drugs would become activated only where needed, potentially reducing side effects.
Researchers found that Wolbachia reduced malaria parasite infection and oocyst intensity at 82 degrees Fahrenheit. However, its effect varied across different temperatures, with increased oocyst intensity at 75 degrees Fahrenheit.
A six-month pilot program called WAIPointes, funded by insurance, helped 83 women aged 35-55 achieve weight loss, lower blood pressure, and improved hot flash symptoms through lifestyle changes. The program's interactive approach and personalized support led to significant health risks reduction.
Researchers discovered how gut bacteria produce an enzyme that modifies signaling in cells lining the gut and breaks down phytate, a crucial nutrient. The enzyme is packaged in outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which allow for cross-kingdom communication with human cells, influencing calcium signaling and potentially improving health.
A University of Texas at Austin study reveals that crazy ants can neutralize fire ant venom, making them nearly invincible in battles over food resources. This detoxification process allows crazy ants to dominate and displace fire ants in the southeastern US ecosystem.
Research reveals that trauma patients younger than 50 are three times more likely to suffer an ischemic stroke if they have a head or neck injury. The study found that about 11 in every 100,000 patients developed a stroke within four weeks of treatment.
A new analysis confirms the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) underestimation of US methane emissions from natural gas systems. The study found that even small leaks from the system are important due to methane's potency as a greenhouse gas.
Researchers have identified a novel protein complex, TPLATE, essential for plant endocytosis, which is unique to plants. The discovery sheds light on the process of endocytosis and its importance in plant cells.
Researchers have identified carmine lake, a light-sensitive red pigment, used by Renoir in his painting 'Madame Léon Clapisson.' The study also sheds light on Winslow Homer's watercolor and Mary Cassatt's pastel, providing new insights into the techniques of these artistic masters.
The study uses genome data from 1490 individuals to identify genetic mixing events between populations, dating back to historical events such as the Mongol Empire. The technique, called 'Globetrotter,' provides insight into past events and may have implications for public health and disease prevention.
The €85 million ENABLE project aims to develop novel antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria, addressing a growing epidemic of resistance. The public-private partnership will create an anti-bacterial drug discovery platform and deliver at least one new candidate into Phase 2 clinical trials by 2019.
A new study found that orangutans come down from trees more often in degraded habitats, suggesting a greater ability to cope with forest loss. Increased terrestriality may also facilitate movement and dispersal, accessing different food sources.
Researchers have discovered an infectious form of the cat parasite Toxoplasma gondii in western Arctic Belugas, raising public health concerns. The discovery also highlights the impact of climate change on pathogen circulation, allowing previously isolated parasites to spread to new hosts.
Research by Anne Fernald shows a significant gap in language development between rich and poor children emerges during infancy, with child-directed speech playing a crucial role. Infants who hear more child-directed speech develop greater efficiency in language processing and learn new words faster.
A six-year-old Massachusetts law requiring only 'fire-safe' cigarettes has been shown to decrease unintentional residential fires caused by cigarettes by 28%. The largest reductions were among fires involving human factors and igniting materials.
New research suggests that sedating patients before a nerve block increases false-positive results, leading to unnecessary surgeries and increased costs. Sedation does not provide long-term pain control or patient satisfaction.
Researchers designed algorithms that reflect termite behavior, enabling robots to build complex structures without detailed plans. The robots use simple cues from their environment and each other to complete user-defined structures.
Fred Gould will deliver a lecture on Dr. Robert L. Rabb, a pioneer in developing ecologically sound approaches to insect pest management. Gould's research has profoundly influenced global crop management and vector-borne disease control.
The new atlas highlights the delicate relationships between soils and climate, as well as their role in food security, particularly in relation to climate change. Soils also support six out of seventeen countries hosting the highest rate of biodiversity, with approximately 185 Gt of organic carbon stored down to a depth of 1m.
Researchers at TUM have developed two new mechanisms of action that can permanently deactivate ClpP proteases, essential for bacterial survival. The newly discovered inhibitors target the protein's structure and function, potentially leading to more effective treatment options.
A new study found that some common genetic variants may be indicators of rare mutations with greater influence on disease risk in prostate cancer. The research identified four common genetic variants associated with a small increase in risk, but also discovered an alternative explanation - a small proportion of men with these variants ...
Researchers found that prostaglandin E2 presence determines stem cell fate, with more present becoming liver cells and less becoming pancreas cells. The discovery could lead to easier generation of liver and pancreas cells for lab research and future therapies.
Researchers found that individuals with dyslexia have difficulty shifting attention from visual to auditory stimuli, leading to slower response times. A new approach using action video games may improve literacy skills by training the brain to associate sounds with corresponding letters.
A new study in PLOS Genetics finds common genetic variants may indicate the presence of influential rare mutations that have yet to be discovered. This 'synthetic association' sheds light on the genetic make-up's large influence on cancer risk, highlighting the importance of identifying causal genetic changes.
Female Pacific salmon that mate with their chosen partner produce healthier babies than those with selected mates, according to research by the University of Waterloo. This allows for a more robust stock, reducing the use of antibiotics and vaccines, which benefits both producers and fish health.
Chris Field, a leading climate expert, will discuss the state of climate science and emerging challenges related to climate change. Analysis of 27 climate models reveals accelerated pace of climate change, posing significant risks for the future.
Researchers have discovered how the protein Bcl-2 signals cancer cells to live longer by altering calcium ion levels. This breakthrough could lead to new drugs targeting Bcl-2 and improve cancer treatment outcomes.
A study found tamoxifen, a breast cancer treatment, in three out of four samples of the bodybuilding supplement Esto Suppress. The product label suggested a dosage that may provide enough to treat gynaecomastia. Off-the-shelf supplements have been known to contain pharmacologically active substances, posing risks to users.
Researchers from NOAA Fisheries and Stanford University found that some petroleum compounds disrupt normal cardiac function in young tuna by blocking ion channels. This discovery provides new insights into the impact of oil pollution on fish hearts, with potential applications for assessing environmental damage.
Despite widespread availability, many people in the US don't receive timely stroke treatment. Research shows that only 4% of Medicare patients received tPA within three hours of symptoms onset, and just 0.5% underwent endovascular therapy to reopen blocked arteries.
A team of researchers created an autonomous robotic construction crew that builds complex structures without a central command, using collective intelligence and stigmergy. The TERMES system consists of simple robots that cooperate to modify their environment, achieving impressive results in building towers, castles, and pyramids.
A Japanese study found that sarcopenia, a loss of skeletal muscle mass, increases the risk of sepsis and mortality in patients undergoing live donor liver transplantation. Early nutritional support with enteral nutrition reduced sepsis rates in these patients. Treating malnutrition may reduce mortality risk following transplantation.
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab researchers present on topics including improved climate models, synthetic biology for better biofuels, emerging materials for photovoltaics, and efforts to detect Dark Matter. The presentation highlights the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and exploring innovative solutions.
Crude oil interferes with fish heart cells, causing slowed heart rate, reduced cardiac contractility, and irregular heartbeats. The study reveals that oil blocks potassium channels, increasing the time to restart the heart on every beat, ultimately slowing the heartbeat.
A recent study published in Diabetologia found that metabolic risk factors cluster similarly in children and adults, increasing the risk of premature death caused by type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle interventions aiming at prevention should be invested in childhood to reduce the risk.
The Virginia Tech Transportation Institute is designing an integration framework for vehicles to communicate with drivers and other cars on the roadway. The project aims to provide timely and relevant information to motorists, such as traffic warnings and weather alerts, while minimizing distractions.
Researchers discovered that a well-known protein UPF1 controls the biological circuit to determine whether an immature neural cell remains in a stem-like state or becomes a functional neuron. The study's findings have significant implications for developing new therapies for neurological disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin identify microvoids as a source of 10-15% degradation in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells. The discovery is part of the EPR-Solar network funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research.
Researchers found that non-restorative sleep is a strong predictor of widespread pain onset among adults over 50. Anxiety and poor physical health also increase the risk of developing widespread pain. The study suggests combined interventions for both site-specific and widespread pain are needed for older adults.