Recent measurements have validated IBEX's signature finding on the local interstellar magnetic field direction. The consistent picture reveals how the heliosphere is shaped by the interstellar magnetic field, influencing cosmic rays and life on Earth.
Researchers created a global map detailing the genetic histories of 95 populations across Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America. The study found evidence of previously unrecorded genetic mixing, including European DNA in modern-day China and Mongol DNA in Pakistan.
The study found that the scheme had a positive overall health effect, with reduced disease rates linked to increased cycling. However, benefits varied by age and sex, with older men experiencing larger benefits than younger cyclists or women.
Researchers have developed 'smart' gold nanoshells that target cancer cells specifically, delivering anticancer drugs and converting near-infrared light into heat. This breakthrough could lead to more effective cancer treatments by overcoming the limitation of traditional chemotherapy techniques.
Researchers have discovered a potential therapy to enhance brain repair after a stroke by stimulating the brain's inherent plasticity with molecular components of stem cells. This approach has shown promising results in promoting neurological recovery and may lead to revolutionary treatments for other diseases.
Researchers found that intravenous magnesium did not improve stroke-related disability, but was safe for delivery by paramedics within an hour. The study aimed to test the efficacy of magnesium as a neuroprotective agent, and its results will help inform future stroke treatment strategies.
A University of Colorado study shows that teens who watched a video about the cosmetic effects of UV exposure were more likely to use sunscreen than those who watched a health-based video. This finding suggests that addressing appearance-related concerns can be an effective way to modify sun-protective behaviors in teenagers.
The study highlights the effectiveness of traditional institutions like Fa'aSamoa and The Samoan Way in responding to natural disasters. These community-based approaches have strong social capital and can be leveraged in disaster management policies and programs, providing a 'win-win' scenario.
Scientists have discovered that herpes virus proteins use their flexible arms to pass on viral building blocks to hijacked cell proteins, providing insight into the virus's ability to hijack cells. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for Kaposi's sarcoma, a type of cancer caused by the herpes virus.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have successfully reprogrammed scar tissue cells to form colonies of beating heart cells. The discovery could pave the way for regenerating damaged heart tissue after a heart attack.
The genomes of King Richard III and one of his living descendants are being sequenced to shed light on his ancestry, health, and genetic makeup. The project will also analyze the genetic information of pathogens that may have caused diseases in the past.
Research highlights the challenges faced by UK hospitals in adopting electronic health record systems due to underestimated costs. The study identified four key cost categories: infrastructure, personnel, estates/facilities, and other expenses, which are often cut back during implementation.
Research by the University of Minnesota and Georgia Tech found that male Pinterest users are more interested in photography, art, design, and home decor than sports, technology, and cars. In contrast, women tend to focus on traditional female categories such as food and drink, crafts, and fashion.
A team of astronomers has discovered four new galaxy clusters, each containing thousands of individual galaxies, some 10 billion light years away. The clusters are seen as they existed 3 billion years ago, providing insights into the formation of giant elliptical galaxies.
A new study highlights the role of white rhinos in shaping savannah ecosystems, suggesting that their loss could have significant effects on ecosystem functioning and fire regimes. The research found that areas previously colonized by rhinos had higher levels of short grass cover and more grazing lawns.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a new gene (PIM1) that could be an effective target for innovative treatments and therapies for psoriasis. The study highlights the role of PIM1 and the IL-22 cytokine in skin inflammation, suggesting a direct link between these two.
A new study reports that the ribosome's small subunit assembles itself through a dynamic interaction between proteins and RNA. The team discovered that a specific protein plays a crucial role in this process, allowing for the binding of subsequent proteins.
Researchers found that most parents thought symptoms were serious but only half called emergency services, highlighting the need for increased awareness and prompt action. The study emphasizes the importance of educating healthcare professionals and parents about stroke recognition in children.
A new study challenges the use of mortality as a measure of stroke care quality, citing variations in do-not-resuscitate orders that can significantly skew hospital rankings. The researchers found a wide range of variation in early DNR use, with hospitals using them an average of 2.2-23.2% of the time.
Great tits can recall the location of cached food hideaways after one or 24 hours, according to a Swedish study published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. This observational spatial learning ability may be more crucial for non-hoarders like great tits, as it helps them survive during harsh weather conditions.
A nationwide study found larger daily temperature changes and higher average dew points were associated with increased stroke hospitalization rates. Lower annual temperatures also linked to higher hospitalization and death rates from ischemic strokes.
Paul B. Tchounwou, associate dean of graduate studies at Jackson State University, received the 2013 AAAS Mentor Award for his significant contributions to mentoring African American students in environmental sciences. He has mentored over 75 students and has played a key role in increasing research productivity at the university.
Researchers used micron resolution X-ray imaging to study the skull of Romundina, an early armoured fish with jaws. The study shows that the face assembly during the evolutionary transition was a gradual process, with key features emerging before the final shape of the jawed vertebrate face.
Cancer researchers have discovered a pre-leukemic stem cell that may initiate disease and trigger relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This finding offers a potential tool for earlier diagnosis and targeted therapy, as the pre-leukemic stem cell can survive chemotherapy and be found in the bone marrow at remission.
A new study from the University of Surrey has identified specific effects of Chiari malformation on toy dog breeds' skulls and brains. The condition causes changes in brain shape and can lead to severe symptoms like paralysis and headaches.
Researchers found that prenatal vitamin A deficiency leads to airway hyperresponsiveness in adult mice by causing abnormal smooth muscle development. The study suggests that structural and functional changes in the lungs due to vitamin A deficiency during development may be an important factor in asthma susceptibility.
Researchers at Grand Valley State University found a link between zebra mussels and increased risk of algae blooms in Muskegon Lake and Bear Lake. The invasive mussels stimulate nutrient releases, while native chironomids increase oxygen levels, making the lakes more prone to toxic blooms.
A recent UK study found that doctors are missing opportunities to diagnose chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in up to 85% of cases. The study, published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, analyzed data from 38,859 patients and found that missed opportunities for diagnosis were most common in the years preceding diagnosis. T...
The study, published in Science in June 2012 to May 2013, mapped the wiring diagram for the nervous system controlling mating behavior in male roundworms. The research provided a comprehensive map of neural connections and contributed significantly to understanding how animals control complex behaviors.
A new study reveals that subcritical hydrothermal treatment can convert paper sludge into fuel with a composition similar to coal. The process has the added benefit of diverting waste from landfills and reducing pollution.
A study of 2.5 million children over 14 years found no link between ADHD stimulant medications and increased stroke risk in children with or without stroke. Researchers compared medication usage before and at the time of stroke to assess potential risks.
Fossil evidence reveals the step-by-step assembly of the face during the evolutionary transition from jawless to jawed vertebrates. The Romundina skull shows primitive and modern features, shedding light on the origin of the jawed vertebrate face.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge discovered that implant stiffness is a major cause of foreign body reactions. The team found that stiff materials trigger inflammation and cell shape changes in brain cells, leading to encapsulation with scar tissue.
A year-long study found that pregabalin reduced RLS symptoms and was less likely to cause worsening symptoms compared to pramipexole. Dopaminergic drugs were associated with symptom augmentation in some patients, highlighting the need for caution when treating RLS patients.
Researchers have uncovered geologic evidence supporting two earthquakes in 1838 and 1890 that match historical accounts. The team used LiDAR technology to map the active fault trace and found ax-cut wood chips, tree stumps, and charcoal fragments confirming the quakes.
Strogatz has contributed widely to popularize mathematics through newspaper articles, books, radio and television appearances, documentaries, and public lectures. He has introduced the public to various mathematical concepts, including chaos theory, statistics, and group theory.
Tropical Cyclone Fobane is weakening due to increasing vertical wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures. The storm is moving southward through the Southern Indian Ocean, with maximum sustained winds near 45 knots/51.7 mph/83.3 kph.
The 'Viewpoint' article highlights the complexity of developing genome-based therapeutics and companion diagnostics, which depend on multiple genetic tests. The authors argue for a unified plan to co-develop and co-submit diagnostic tests that predict drug benefit, addressing regulatory, business, and economic challenges.
Researchers at U-M Medical School and institutions worldwide investigate the fiber of our being, discovering how one group of gut bacteria digests complex sugars. Their findings shed light on the science of human nutrition and have implications for commerce and industry.
Research finds Thatcher's policies led to unnecessary unemployment, welfare cuts, and damaging housing policies resulting in excess deaths. The study also highlights the rise in income inequality and regional disparities in health standards during the Thatcher era.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have made a significant advance in understanding genetic changes associated with terminal prostate cancer. A genetic mutation has been identified as a key factor in the development of aggressive cancer later in life. This discovery could help identify patients who are at risk of developing f...
A study revising rules for deciphering dinosaur color suggests a link between color, physiology, and the origin of flight. Researchers found diverse melanosome shapes and sizes in feathered dinosaurs, paravians, and living mammals and birds.
A Saint Louis University pediatric researcher is conducting a study to determine the best time to discuss obtaining parental consent for clinical research involving treatment of newborns in the delivery room. The goal is to develop a method that satisfies ethical requirements while making it easier for parents to understand the researc...
Siegfried Hecker has been honored by AAAS for his work in nuclear security and global threat reduction. His dedication to fostering cooperation through science led to significant international partnerships, improving the control of nuclear materials.
Andrew Tsin, a professor of biology at the University of Texas at San Antonio, received the 2013 AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for his dedication to mentoring underrepresented students. He has mentored over 130 students, including dozens of Hispanic Americans, and helped establish programs aimed at increasing diversity in science education.
Researchers have discovered genetic signatures associated with bovine tuberculosis (TB) resistance in unaffected cows, providing a potential breakthrough in improving disease control through selective breeding. The study sheds light on the possibility of using genetic information to develop more resilient cattle.
A large-scale investigation reveals that Early British farmers prioritized dairy products and abandoned fishing, adopting a new diet around 6,000 years ago. The study suggests that the hazardous North Atlantic waters made fish an unsuitable food source until new technologies arrived.
Researchers found that exercise increases levels of specific proteins in the mitochondria of heart cells, triggering beneficial cardiovascular effects. This study provides new insights into how physical activity improves heart function and offers potential clues for developing new treatments for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers found that exercise improves cardiovascular health in mice by increasing the production of proteins in the mitochondria of their heart cells. This targeted approach may hold the key to understanding how physical activity helps strengthen the heart and reduce the risk of heart disease.
A paper-based device replicating human brain's electrochemical signalling has been created by Chinese researchers. The thin-film transistor (TFT) can mimic the biological synapse and could be used to build lightweight and biologically friendly artificial neural networks.
Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have achieved an order of magnitude improvement in yield performance over past experiments on the National Ignition Facility. The boot-strapping process has been demonstrated to increase the rate of fusion reactions, producing more alpha particles and further heating the fuel.
Researchers found that brain activity for mathematical beauty correlates with the same region as art and music, suggesting a neurobiological basis for beauty. The study used fMRI to image brain activity of mathematicians when viewing beautiful formulae, revealing strong correlation between beauty experience and brain intensity.
A new teledermatology app system has been shown to be reliable in prioritizing care for hospitalized patients with skin conditions. The study found that the system agreed with in-person consultants on diagnoses in 82% of cases and suggested urgent consultations in 90% of cases.
Researchers from British Antarctic Survey demonstrated a new method using Very High Resolution satellite imagery and image processing software to automatically detect and count whales breeding in the Golfo Nuevo, Peninsula Valdes. This semi-automated technique has been shown to achieve 89% accuracy in identifying probable whales.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University finds that people with strong religious beliefs perceive a higher risk of addiction to online pornography, even if they only view it once. The researchers suggest that therapists can help individuals understand their driving motivations and enjoy their faith.
Researchers have developed a novel compound that protects mice against developing movement problems associated with Parkinson's disease. The compound, known as '12g', effectively prevented motor deficits linked to PD and showed promise as a potential new therapy.
A new method developed by the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences measures diffusion coefficients and equilibrium constants to assist in determining optimal drug doses. The method uses a simple capillary apparatus with high-speed water flow, allowing for fast and accurate measurements with increased accura...
Researchers found that commonly used disinfectants do not kill human papillomavirus (HPV), making it possible to transmit the virus through non-sexual means. The study suggests a need for hospital policy changes and highlights the importance of using bleach or autoclaving to inactivate HPV.
A study found that people with both parents having Alzheimer's disease showed more severe brain abnormalities, including increased brain plaques and reduced brain volume. The research suggests a possible genetic link to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
A West Virginia outpatient oncology clinic experienced a rare outbreak of Tsukamurella bloodstream infections in 2011-2012, attributed to improper handling of intravenous saline. The outbreak led to changes in infection control practices, including the use of pre-packaged manufactured saline flushes.