Researchers found that ischemic preconditioning reduced infarct volume and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunoreactivity in rats. The study suggests a potential neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in focal cerebral infarction, associated with VEGF upregulation.
A new planthopper species, Conosimus baenai, has been discovered in southern Spain. It differs from other Conosimus genus species due to its unique forewing coloration and vein patterns.
A recent study found that people tend to copy others' choices when they lack social acceptance or enough information. The researchers discovered the 'social default effect', where observing someone else's choice makes it a default option.
Recent research demonstrates a critical link between dopamine signaling and dopamine transporter function in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Michelle Sahai's simulations using TACC's Stampede supercomputer have contributed to the discovery of mutations in the dopamine transporter linked to Parkinsonism and ADHD.
Researchers have identified a common gene variant, GPER, that makes women more prone to high blood pressure and increased risk of heart attack and stroke. The study found that many women with the less functional form of GPER had higher blood pressure, highlighting a genetic basis for heart disease in women.
Preconditioning stem cells prior to transplantation is crucial for improving their survival and therapeutic function. Current methods include exposing stem cells to microenvironments, creating three-dimensional aggregates, or using hydrogels to prepare them for the environment found in damaged tissue.
A new study at the University of Iowa has identified a potential genetic link between epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders, revealing a novel pathway involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. The researchers found that mutations in prickle genes cause seizures in flies, leading to epilepsy-like behaviors.
A new study by the University of Sydney found that GP visits and initial assessments for back problems drive a significant rise in diagnostic imaging tests. Most imaging tests comply with guidelines, but GPs are twice as likely to order tests during first consultations.
Dr. Terry Baughn, a senior lecturer in mechanical engineering at UT Dallas, has been named Engineer of the Year by the North Texas section of ASME. He was recognized for his extensive industry experience and dedication to mentoring students. Baughn's expertise in advanced strength of materials and design of machine elements makes him a...
Researchers found that tighter Medicaid policies governing antipsychotic drugs were associated with higher shares of inmates with psychotic symptoms and a 22% increase in the likelihood of imprisonment. The study suggests that limiting access to effective therapy may have unintended consequences, including more people in prisons.
The new NIST technique uses broadband, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (BCARS) to create high-resolution images of biological specimens. It achieves signals that are 10,000 times stronger than spontaneous Raman scattering and 100 times stronger than comparable coherent Raman instruments.
The American Society of Hematology awards Mentor Awards to Drs. Grover C. Bagby Jr., MD, and John F. DiPersio, MD, PhD, for their dedication to mentoring early-career hematologists. Both mentors have had a significant impact on the careers of numerous mentees, advancing research and patient care in hematology.
A new study found large differences in survival rates of 12 shark species caught by commercial longline fishing operations. The most vulnerable species include bigeye thresher, dusky, and scalloped hammerhead sharks.
Robert E. Marc, a renowned vision scientist at the University of Utah, has been awarded the Paul Kayser International Award for his significant contributions to understanding vitreoretinal diseases and disorders. The award recognizes Marc's groundbreaking work on retinal mapping and neural pathways.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio have discovered that capsazepine can shrink oral cancers while leaving healthy tissues intact. The study's findings suggest that capsazepine may reduce oral cancer pain by blocking tumor-secreted factors from stimulating pain-sensing neurons.
A new study by Veronika Ilyuk and colleagues found that consumers tend to overestimate the duration of pharmacological products' effectiveness. In five studies, participants who engaged in more difficult tasks consumed medications or energy drinks more frequently than those in easier conditions. Brands can use these findings to improve...
Researchers have found that an anti-cancer drug can activate hidden HIV in the body, increasing viral load and potentially allowing killer T-cells to destroy infected cells. The discovery could be a step towards developing a treatment for HIV by combining activation of the virus with a vaccine.
Researchers at Uppsala University discovered that Upsalite, a highly porous magnesium carbonate, can improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. By using Upsalite, about 40% of newly marketed drugs with poor solubility may have their therapeutic efficacy enhanced.
Researchers found genetic fragments of MERS-CoV in air samples from a camel barn, suggesting short or intermittent shedding of the virus. The study emphasizes the importance of preventing possible airborne transmission and highlights the risk of camel-to-human transmission.
A study by Northwestern University found that children's understanding of the natural world is influenced by their cultural background and experience with nature. Children from different communities were asked to name all living things they could think of, revealing convergences and differences in their responses.
Researchers found that somatosensory stimulation decreases the firing of pyramidal cells and increases interneuron activity, suggesting a suppressive effect on neuronal hyperexcitability. This study provides insights into signal processing in the hippocampus and explores potential therapeutic applications for brain disorders.
A France-US research team reports a new multi-bit MRAM storage paradigm that can store up to 4 bits per cell, rivaling flash memory in terms of storage density. The technology uses Crocus Technology's proprietary Magnetic Logic Unit (MLU) technology to remotely control a sensor to probe magnetic configurations.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research shows that consumers who attribute their successes to internal character traits rather than hard work are more likely to seek out unique options. Brands can leverage this insight by emphasizing consumer uniqueness with terms like 'you're special'.
The VOICES project at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital allows HIV-infected youth to anonymously share their stories, providing a powerful tool for clinicians and students to improve patient care. The project has empowered participants and given health care providers another layer of understanding into the emotional impact of HIV.
Researchers tracked hundreds of honey bees using RFID tags, discovering that some foraging bees are much busier than others. When these busy bees disappear, others take their place, forming a 'reserve force'. The study, published in Animal Behaviour, sheds light on hive dynamics and the role of individual variation.
The Carlton Complex fires burned over 243,000 acres in timber and grass, with 35 primary residences lost. The high fire danger led to rapid changes in the fire situation, prompting evacuations of 300-500 homes, including the Pateros Red Cross shelter.
Researchers at China's PandaX facility aim to detect direct evidence of dark matter interactions with xenon nuclei and observe double-beta decay. The new detector is designed to distinguish between nuclear recoils and electron recoils, with promising results from previous experiments like XENON100.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a breakthrough laser that uses an artificial atom to produce light, enabling the potential development of more powerful quantum computers. The new laser relies on superconducting electron pairs and has the ability to transmit information between quantum devices.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers are less satisfied with purchases when they have no money left, but are more satisfied when they come into funds. Brands can increase customer satisfaction by running promotions during times of low budget availability.
Computer scientists at MIT and Israel's Technion have discovered an unexpected source of information about the world's languages: native speakers' writing habits in English. The system analyzed over 1,000 essays to predict typological features of 14 languages, achieving 72% accuracy on average.
A study found that stimulating a major dopamine-producing region in the brain can help rats wake up from general anesthesia, suggesting its potential to induce active emergence from anesthesia in surgical patients. The researchers hope this approach could speed recovery and enhance operating room efficiencies.
A new study by Cornell University reveals that the average adult eats 92% of whatever they put on their plate, with similar results in eight developed countries. In contrast, children under 18 years old only eat 59% of what they serve themselves, likely due to uncertainty about food preferences.
A team of researchers from Weizmann Institute and Vienna University of Technology proposed a method to amplify vacuum fluctuations by several orders of magnitude using a transmission line. This could lead to enhanced understanding of Casimir- and Van der Waals forces, with potential applications in quantum information processing.
Scientists at the University of Maryland have successfully created air waveguides that can guide light beams over long distances without loss of power. This breakthrough has significant implications for various applications, including long-range laser communications, pollution detection, and topographic mapping.
A high-salt diet doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes, according to a new study published by The Endocrine Society. Researchers found that poor blood sugar control exacerbates this effect.
New research from the Monell Center reveals that believing an odor is harmful can lead to increased airway inflammation in asthmatics. Airway inflammation remained elevated 24 hours later, making asthmatics more sensitive to other triggers.
Geraldine P. Schechter, MD, receives the 2014 Henry M. Stratton Medal for Clinical Science for her pioneering work on chronic lymphoid malignancies and autoimmune hematologic disorders. Timothy Springer, PhD, wins the award for Basic Science for his groundbreaking research on hemostasis, inflammation, and immunology.
Drs. DeBaun and Hebbel will present their lecture on sickle cell disease, highlighting improved understanding but continued challenges. Their research focuses on cerebrovascular injury and asthma, with implications for treatment and care.
The Leishmania parasite protects flies from bacterial disease, increasing their lifespan and survival rate. This finding highlights the potential unintended consequences of using bacterial controls to control leishmaniasis.
A UT Arlington big data team has won a three-year $600,000 NSF grant to develop an interactive database of fruit fly gene expressions, which are commonly found in humans and other species. The project aims to yield methods of analyzing data that will aid in biomedical science and engineering.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research reveals that when consumers feel a loss of control, they tend to prefer high-effort products. In contrast, low-control situations drive preferences for low-effort products like get-rich-quick schemes.
The study found that natural-terrain schoolyards foster supportive relationships and feelings of competence in children. Students who had access to green settings reported reduced stress and improved attention spans, with some even experiencing fewer incidents of bullying.
Researchers have sequenced the whole genomes of 234 individual bulls, enabling trait-mapping for improved cattle breeding. The study identified mutations associated with negative impacts on animal health, welfare, and productivity, offering a leverage tool for breeders to extrapolate sequence information to numerous descendants.
The TRMM satellite measured Super Typhoon Rammasun's rainfall rates of up to 100 mm/h along the China/Vietnam border. The storm's heavy rain bands wrapped around its cyclonic circulation, indicating a powerful storm that made landfall on the southern coast of China.
Researchers discovered a small molecule produced by benign bacteria influences the behavior of Staphylococcus aureus, causing it to form biofilms. This finding could lead to new ways to manage bacterial communities and prevent infections.
A new study found that when children are presented with healthy food as making them strong or helping them learn, they consume less of it. Brands can use this result to de-emphasize benefits and focus on the positive experience of eating. This helps combat childhood obesity and juvenile diabetes.
Dr. Tomas Ganz is recognized for his pioneering work on iron homeostasis and the discovery of the hormone hepcidin, which plays a crucial role in regulating iron metabolism. His research has significant implications for understanding and treating iron deficiency anemia and inflammation.
New research suggests that Antarctic sea ice expansion may have been incorrectly measured due to a processing error in satellite data. This finding could affect climate change reports, particularly those from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Researchers tested genetically engineered virus alongside isolated limb perfusion chemotherapy, finding it more effective in rats than either treatment alone. The combination slowed tumour growth and prolonged survival by 50%, offering hope for avoiding amputation and improving quality of life.
A study by Adrian Bejan explains how the constructal law governs the evolution of passenger jets, from small propeller-driven planes to modern behemoths. The analysis provides insights into successful design features and constraints that dictate airplane performance.
A new study from Tel Aviv University researcher Dr. Yael Steinhart found that shifting images in advertisements can create a negative feeling about a product among consumers. This effect is particularly true for consumers who imagine using the products themselves, leading to difficulty in forming positive associations.
A nationwide study in Denmark, Sweden, and Finland found that children who lost a parent during childhood had a 50% higher risk of mortality in early adulthood. The increased risk persisted regardless of the child's age at parental death or the cause of parental death.
Consumers tend to choose retailers that offer the lowest prices, even if they don't know the exact price. This study found that deep discounts are less attractive than everyday low prices. The authors suggest offering consistently lower prices may be a more effective strategy.
Scientists have discovered that greater mouse-eared bats use polarization patterns in the sky to navigate, calibrating their internal magnetic compass. The bats' ability to detect polarised light remains a mystery, but researchers hope this breakthrough will aid in protecting declining bat populations.
A literature review published in JAAOS found that patients' activity levels are a strong predictor for orthopedic outcomes. The study highlights the importance of considering activity level when deciding treatment options, as more active patients may be at higher risk of re-injury after surgery.
A new mathematical model helps understand how resource provisioning affects wildlife disease, with findings that more food doesn't always lead to better health outcomes. The research highlights the importance of considering the complex interactions between food availability, immune defense, and disease transmission.
Researchers have developed a self-cooling method for solar cells using silica glass to reduce overheating, improving efficiency and lifespan. The design enhances infrared 'window' through Earth's atmosphere to redirect excess heat away from the solar cell.
A new study reveals that microglia can increase neuronal firing and enhance brain cell survival after traumatic brain injury, potentially slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The research found that activated microglia dislodge inhibitory synapses, leading to increased firing and enhanced survival.
Researchers at NIST developed a prototype field test standard for hydrogen fuel dispensers, which will serve as a model for state inspectors. The test ensures accuracy within 2% (20g) per kilogram, a stringent tolerance due to hydrogen's unique properties.
A study published in JAMA examined the prevalence of underlying cancer in women undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy using morcellation. The researchers found uterine cancers present in 27 per 10,000 women at the time of the procedure, with advanced age associated with underlying cancer and endometrial hyperplasia.
Researchers at Concordia University found that extra exercise can reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings for cigarettes in people with depression. A 18-month study showed that quitting was easier during basic workouts, shedding light on the role of exercise in treating both smoking cessation and depression.
Research identifies four proteins that increase with age, making brain connections more rigid and reducing ability to adapt. The findings may lead to new treatments for learning disorders and memory loss in neurodegenerative diseases.
A study published in Fire Safety Science found that wind turbines experience a significant number of fires annually, with estimates suggesting ten times more fires than reported. The research highlights the need for improved fire protection engineering solutions to address this issue.
VCU has received a five-year, $3 million grant to investigate how childhood experiences like severe illnesses and neglect affect health outcomes. Researchers will analyze DNA methylation patterns to identify potential biomarkers for early intervention.
High matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression is associated with increased regional angiogenesis and degradation of collagen IV in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. This upregulation leads to microvessel density and basement membrane damage after cerebral infarction.
Researchers at Rice University and Cornell University found that African-Americans are 45% more likely than whites to switch from owning their homes to renting them. The study's findings point to a historical shift in racial stratification in American housing markets.
A $600,000 grant will study the effects of climate change on water quality in the Chesapeake Bay. The research team aims to clarify the implications of continued threats from agricultural lands, urban sprawl, and climate change.
A new study published in PLOS Biology reveals that Schlemm's canal forms from blood vessels through a novel process called canalogenesis. This discovery sheds light on the complex functions of Schlemm's canal, which plays a critical role in maintaining ocular health and preventing diseases like glaucoma.
Researchers found that preschoolers aged 3-5 can assess the strength of their memories and make decisions based on self-assessments. The study suggests that even young children display some ability to reflect on their own knowledge, which has important implications for educational practices.
Researchers found that high school lacrosse players experienced over 1,400 injuries between 2008 and 2012, with concussions making up 22% of the total. The study suggests that girls' lacrosse players are particularly at risk due to a lack of helmet requirements.
The research aims to improve the accuracy of failure and reliability prediction in ultra-high strength steel autobody manufacturing systems. By incorporating material microstructure and micro-damage information, the study may lead to solutions for manufacturers in reducing tool failures and improving product quality.
Researchers from NIST and Caltech have created an atomic clock using a microcomb, enabling precise frequency control and conversion to microwave frequencies. The new design has the potential to be integrated into portable tools for calibrating telecommunications systems and improving radar navigation and scientific instruments.
A study conducted by researchers at Tufts University found that only 27% of elementary school children's lunches met federal guidelines for fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low- or non-fat dairy. The researchers also found that snacks from home were often high in sugar and calories, with few students drinking water instead of suga...
A BYU business study found that using violent language by CEOs can lead to unethical behavior among rival employees, but not when the CEO uses such language with their own team. The research highlights the impact of leadership rhetoric on employee ethics and encourages CEOs to reconsider their communication strategies.
Researchers used the Constructal Law to analyze airplane designs and found they follow evolutionary trends towards larger size, greater range and efficiency. The study predicts future aerospace design with surprising accuracy.
A comprehensive genetic survey of captive giant pandas reveals high levels of diversity and low inbreeding rates, indicating a healthy population. The study's findings suggest that captive breeding centers can successfully release pandas into the wild with proper selection criteria.
A study reveals that dominant meerkat alpha females thrive when they maintain sole breeding rights, while subordinates are suppressed through violence and infanticide. This effective but sinister strategy allows the group to survive and flourish in the harsh desert environment.
Researchers identified a core signalling system, the hippo pathway, and discovered how Merlin suppresses it within the nucleus. This understanding paves the way for developing effective drug therapies to treat nervous system tumours.
Researchers discovered that Alaska wood frogs can survive colder temperatures for longer periods than previously thought due to higher glucose levels in their tissues. The frogs accumulate glucose through repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which helps protect them against cell damage.
Research shows eastern grey squirrels modify their behaviour when approached by humans, reducing unnecessary responses and improving urban survival. The study highlights the importance of understanding animal adaptations to urbanization, enabling conservation efforts and habitat management.
The NASA Aqua satellite detected a low-pressure area that became Tropical Depression 2, with cloud top temperatures exceeding -63F/-52C indicative of strong thunderstorms and powerful uplift.
Researchers calculate that the eastern, Jordanian side of the Dead Sea will experience a dramatic reduction in natural replenishment rate of groundwater if precipitation lowers as predicted. This could lead to shortages in water resources, affecting not only agriculture but also the growing population, with serious social and economic ...
Researchers propose a new method to create defect-free crystals using inexpensive ingredients, dispelling current methods' reliance on difficult-to-synthesize particles. By adding polymers to colloidal suspensions, scientists can impose order on crystal formation and tailor crystal structures.
Astronomers have observed a unique transformation of a binary system containing a rapidly spinning neutron star. The system, known as AY Sextantis, underwent a dramatic change in behavior, with the pulsar's radio beacon vanishing and its gamma-ray emission increasing fivefold.
Researchers have identified over 100 locations in the human genome associated with the risk of developing schizophrenia, pointing to genetic variations that make people vulnerable to psychiatric disease. The study's findings could lead to new approaches to treating the disorder and inform drug development for acute need.
Researchers found that increased impulsive behavior in children is associated with altered brain connections, particularly in the posterior cingulate cortex and right angular gyrus. These changes can serve as biological indicators for predicting behavioral problems and social adaptation difficulties.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of commercial diet programs and pills found that Weight Watchers and the drug Qsymia provided the best value for money, with a lower annual cost than other options. The study suggests that employers and third-party payers should consider coverage for these interventions to maximize health gains.
Scott Armstrong, M.D., Ph.D., has made significant contributions to the field of hematology with his research on leukemia and cancer stem cell biology. His work has led to new therapies for patients diagnosed with devastating leukemias, according to the American Society of Hematology.
Researchers found low field magnetic stimulation (LFMS) to have rapid mood-elevating effects in depressed patients. A portable device delivered a low strength, high frequency electromagnetic field waveform to the brain, resulting in an immediate and substantial improvement in mood.
Researchers from NUS use a focused laser beam to 'draw' micropatterns on nanomaterials, enhancing electrical conductivity and photoconductivity by over 10 times. This technique has potential for advanced applications in electronics and optoelectronics.
Researchers discovered that male radio performers have faster and more forceful vocal fold closures than non-broadcasters. This may be due to better control of vocal tension while speaking. The study used high-speed videoendoscopy to examine the vocal folds of healthy performers.
A new study found that moral identity decreases donations when recipients are deemed responsible for their plight, but empathetic responses increase donations. The researchers suggest that non-profits should focus on eliciting empathy to increase donations rather than appealing to broader moral values.
Participants in the BMC Violence Intervention Advocacy Program experienced reduced retaliation and improved life-changing behaviors after connecting with supportive adults. The program addressed physical, mental, emotional, and social needs, providing essential services like counseling, education, and job skills.
The Optical Society's new open-access journal Optica publishes highest-impact research in optics and photonics. Key findings include the development of self-cooling solar cells, observation of rotational Doppler shift in white light, and precision time measurement on a silicon chip.
Researchers identified previously unknown areas of genetic material linked to schizophrenia and found associations with immune system genes. The study suggests potential treatments for autoimmune disorders and provides new targets for drug development.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new diagnostic tool called immunosignaturing to identify valley fever, which can be misdiagnosed due to low sensitivity of current methods. This technique uses a microarray platform to produce a detailed profile of immune activity from a small droplet of blood, allowing for accur...
A team of researchers developed a tiny prototype device that mimics the parasitic fly's freakishly acute hearing mechanism, which may be useful for new generation of hypersensitive hearing aids. The device uses piezoelectric materials to turn mechanical strain into electric signals, minimizing power consumption.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have found a probiotic that prevents obesity by inhibiting weight gain, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice. The study suggests manipulating the gut microbiota could treat obesity and other chronic diseases.
A new vaccine developed by researchers at the University of Iowa reduces lung inflammation caused by dust-mite allergens in both lab and animal tests. The vaccine uses a booster called CpG to alter the body's immune response, producing antibodies that dampen the damaging effects of dust-mites.
Research finds hybrid birds take longer, more difficult routes than their parent species, with strong genetic control of migratory behavior. The study suggests that mixed genetic background helps maintain the diversity of songbirds.
Researchers at NIST have clocked nanorods spinning up to 150,000 revolutions per minute, 10 times faster than any other nanoscale object in liquid. This discovery has opened up potential uses for nanomotors in medical treatments and industrial processes.
NASA's Aqua satellite provided dual views of Typhoon Matmo, capturing its visible clouds and infrared temperatures. The storm made landfall on Taiwan's east coast, generating rough seas and typhoon-force winds.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that individuals with schizophrenia have lower levels of vitamin D than healthy people. People with vitamin D deficiency are 2.16 times more likely to have schizophrenia, highlighting a potential connection between vitamin D and psychi...
Researchers found that African elephants have the largest number of olfactory receptor genes, with almost 2,000 OR genes. This unique repertoire is likely important for their living environment and allows them to detect subtle scents.
Researchers studying banded mongooses found that stress hormones inhibit future parental investment. High levels of glucocorticoids reduce cooperation and social behavior in future breeding seasons.
A recent study found that consumers are willing to pay more for products when thinking about the past, rather than new or future memories. The researchers also discovered that nostalgia can weaken a person's desire for money, making them more likely to donate or give more to others.
A new study by George Washington University researchers found that autoimmune disorders and cancer share common pathogenic mechanisms. The study identified survivin as a key mediator of autoreactive cell survival in myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disease that can lead to severe muscle weakness. The findings suggest a potential therap...