Scientists have identified a compound, 2-PMAP, that reduces amyloid proteins in the brain by over half and may be safe enough to be taken daily. The researchers hope it could be used to ward off Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at New Jersey Institute of Technology have made a groundbreaking discovery about the structure and activity of the Sun. They found that buoyant magnetic-flux ropes on the solar surface can trigger powerful plasma eruptions in the atmosphere, leading to intense heating and rapid acceleration of plasma.
A University of Illinois study found that WIC moms who received farmers market vouchers consumed a greater variety of vegetables and fruits, despite lower prices at grocery stores. The study suggests that while vouchers can increase access to fresh produce, they may not significantly impact overall consumption.
Research from Oregon State University found that exposure to iron pipes and steel rebar can alter the magnetic field around fish, affecting their ability to navigate. The study suggests that stabilizing the magnetic field by using alternative materials in hatcheries may help produce better yields of fish.
Researchers at Virginia Tech Carilion Institute create EvoCor, a search engine that quickly identifies genes functionally linked to specific biological processes. This breakthrough tool aids in discovering complex molecular mechanisms and may lead to new therapeutic targets for diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's.
The NIH Task Force recommends defining chronic low back pain as back pain lasting at least three months, causing pain on at least half of days over the past six months. The task force also suggests a nine-item cLBP Impact Score to assess how back pain affects patients' lives.
Astronomers have found evidence that two classes of blazars represent different sides of the same cosmic coin, with one class being a gas-guzzling car and the other an energy-efficient electric vehicle. The team's redshift survey revealed that FSRQs began to decline while BL Lacs increased in numbers around 5.6 billion years ago.
Community opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs) have been shown to increase knowledge of overdose prevention and risk factors among bystanders. However, the effectiveness of these programs in reducing deaths from opioid overdose requires further investigation.
UTHealth researchers have developed a new technology, NIRFLI, that can non-invasively image the human lymphatic system using near-infrared fluorescence and laser diodes. This device promises to revolutionize lymphatic care by allowing for early detection and monitoring of conditions such as lymphedema and cancer.
A study found that primary care physicians in team-based care models with electronic health records (EHRs) improved their quality of care more than those without EHRs. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model was associated with significant improvements in care, including better preventive screening and testing.
Researchers studied a rat's balancing strategy to lateral impact, finding it bends flexible body to absorb energy and resists force through side-sway. The study reveals key mechanisms for animal stability during locomotion and inspires improvements in bionic robots.
Research presented at the American Heart Association's Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Scientific Sessions 2014 found that Chinese stroke patients who received guideline-recommended treatments had a significant drop in pneumonia from 20% to almost 5%. However, only 55.5% of eligible patients received all recommended treatments.
The Endocrine Society recommends blood and urine tests for metanephrines to identify patients with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, which can cause high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Genetic testing is also recommended for family members at risk, based on a shared decision-making process with physicians.
Researchers from CNIO and CNIC successfully reproduced chromosomal translocations in human stem cells, identical to those found in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and Ewing's sarcoma. This breakthrough allows for the study of new therapeutic targets and experimental recapitulation of tumour development.
A NOAA regulation has been effective in lowering ship speeds in areas with North Atlantic right whales, helping protect these critically endangered animals from collisions. The policy of notifying speeding vessels resulted in improved compliance rates, especially among cargo vessels.
A survey of Canadian physicians reveals a significant gap between optimal practices for detecting and treating malnutrition in hospitalized patients. The study found that actual assessments completed were much lower than reported, with only 33% of patients being weighed upon admission.
Multi-wavelength observations of sunspots have provided new insights into their complex and dynamic nature. The data revealed rapidly rotating plasma rolls, powerful shocks, and widespread plasma eruptions driven by solar-energy flux and controlled by intense magnetic fields.
Researchers at UMass Amherst developed a faster method for detecting and separating microbial contamination from food, potentially saving time and expense. The new technique uses magnetically charged beads to quickly remove disease-causing bacteria from liquid samples.
A new report ranks climate engineering approaches in terms of feasibility and cost-effectiveness. Researchers conclude that reducing greenhouse gas emissions through low-carbon energy sources and behavioral changes is still the most effective way to confront climate change.
A study found that preventive implantation of ICDs in patients with less severe heart failure (LVEF 30-35%) significantly reduces mortality rates at 3 years compared to those without an ICD. The analysis also showed improved survival in patients with LVEF < 30%.
A team of researchers developed a new approach to identify and quantify chromophores in ancient paper, which contributes to the understanding of visual degradation processes. The study applied this technique to Leonardo da Vinci's self-portrait, revealing its degradation state and providing insights into environmental conditions.
Individuals hospitalized for Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have a high risk of recurrence, with over 7% of patients experiencing subsequent episodes.
A study from Duke University Medical Center found that implantable cardioverter defibrillators improve survival among heart failure patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30-35%. The device reduces three-year mortality rates by 3.6% in patients without ICDs.
The University of Notre Dame's Marya Lieberman has received a Grand Challenges Explorations grant to develop printed test cards for rapid field screening of human and animal medications. The test cards can detect low-quality medications, applying economic pressure to companies that manufacture or distribute them.
Researchers found that spider silk can be tuned to a wide range of harmonics, allowing spiders to detect vibrations from prey and mates. This unique property could inspire new technologies such as tiny sensors.
A study of nearly 65,000 older patients with pneumonia found that azithromycin reduced mortality by 17.4%, while increasing the risk of heart attacks by 5.1%. The treatment also had a slight increase in cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure
Children who are physically fit have faster and more robust neuro-electrical brain responses during reading, corresponding to better language skills. The study found higher amplitude N400 and P600 waves in fitter children, suggesting they processed information more quickly and efficiently.
Scientists have discovered two new chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and one new hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) in the atmosphere, which were released into the air in recent years. The discovery strengthens the argument that there are many more man-made gases in the atmosphere that could pose a threat to the ozone layer.
A study found that colorectal cancer rates declined significantly after increasing cancer screening tests. The incidence of late-stage and early-stage cancers decreased, resulting in a reduction of 550,000 cancers during the period.
A CU-Boulder study found prominent US newspapers using more hedging language in climate change articles, while Spanish papers use less uncertainty about climate change than expected. Researchers examined articles from The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal, as well as El Mundo and El Pais.
Researchers have developed a prototype device that can analyze various electrolyte levels on the spot, providing real-time feedback to users. The wearable microneedle device is painless and samples only interstitial fluid, making it suitable for long-term use.
A $440,000 grant-funded global project aims to protect remaining old-growth forests and promote sustainable reforestation through a multidisciplinary approach. Researchers from 14 countries will work together to understand factors leading to forest regrowth and provide tangible recommendations for policymakers.
Many breast cancer patients fail to receive treatment for heart problems despite having a higher risk of complications, according to a recent study. Researchers found that only about one-third of older breast cancer patients saw a cardiologist within 90 days of developing heart issues.
Researchers found that smaller declines in estimated GFR are strongly associated with subsequent risk of end-stage renal disease. A new definition of kidney disease progression could shorten clinical trials and improve treatment outcomes.
The new sensor uses dye chemistry and plasmonic interferometry to selectively measure glucose concentrations in complex solutions like human saliva. It can detect changes in glucose concentration of 0.1 micromoles per liter, which is 10 times more sensitive than previous methods.
Astronomers have captured a rare and violent image of colliding galaxy clusters, revealing unique phenomena triggered by the collisions. The new observations provide insights into the complex interactions during cluster mergers.
Researchers at the University of Glasgow discovered that proteins like lysozyme can vibrate at frequencies similar to a few terahertz, allowing for efficient biochemical reactions. This 'ringing' motion enables proteins to morph quickly and bind with other molecules, critical for life's biological functions.
Researchers found elevated levels of steroid hormones, including testosterone and progesterone, in the amniotic fluid of boys later diagnosed with autism. This discovery may help explain why autism is more common in males than females.
Boron Molecular secures rights to mass-manufacture and sell RAFT chain transfer agents globally for R&D and commercial purposes. CSIRO's reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) technology enables users to tailor polymer properties with unprecedented control.
Researchers found that even modest delays in TAVR can significantly impact its effectiveness in severely ill patients. Modest increases in wait times reduced the treatment's benefits, while prolonged waits made it less effective than surgery for high-risk surgical candidates.
The University of Surrey has been awarded a Grand Challenges Explorations grant to develop an affordable test for human tuberculosis. The project aims to modify the BCG vaccination and design a new skin test that only gives a positive result when someone has the infection, making it more sustainable in developing countries.
A recent NIH preclinical study suggests that even moderate doses of MDMA can be deadly in rats exposed to hot, crowded social settings. The study identifies the therapeutically-relevant cooling mechanism to counteract MDMA-induced hyperthermia.
A new liquid biopsy test uses circulating tumour cells in blood samples to monitor and predict lung cancer response to treatment. The test has the potential to provide personalised medicine for the disease, particularly for small cell lung cancer with poor survival rates.
Scientists at the University of Twente have successfully folded flat sheets of silicon nitride into complex 3D structures using a custom software program and water. The technique has potential applications in delivering drugs to targeted areas of the body or performing autonomous microsurgery.
Researchers investigated two successive three-ribbon solar flares using high-resolution data, revealing a 'fish-bone-like' morphology and surge-like flows. The study suggests magnetic reconnection along the coronal null line is involved in producing the flares and associated coronal mass ejections.
A Purdue University-led research team has figured out how to disable the SARS virus's ability to hide it from the immune system. By removing specific proteins, the enzyme serves as a biological cloaking system, allowing the virus to live and replicate undetected.
Researchers are expanding their Child Exploitation Network Extractor (CENE) web crawler to track online child exploitation networks globally. The updated system will enable location-based tracking of servers and domain owners, helping identify countries hosting CE content.
Researchers report Palmer amaranth is invading Illinois fields, reducing soybean yields by 78% and corn yields by 91%. The plant's rapid growth and resistance to common herbicides make control challenging. Illinois farmers must take action before the weed takes over.
Researchers used a tracing technique in mice to map the brain circuitry controlling chewing movements. They found shared premotor neurons connecting to multiple motoneurons regulating jaw and tongue movements, suggesting a simple coordination method for safe mealtime.
A 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) effectively prevents community-acquired pneumonia in infants in Latin America, with a 22% reduction in new cases. The vaccine also leads to significant reductions in acute otitis media and invasive pneumococcal disease.
New research reveals that up to 10.1% of people who have a heart attack are newly diagnosed with diabetes due to unrecognized A1C levels. Recognizing diabetes in these patients is crucial as it can guide treatments for coronary artery disease and prevent additional cardiovascular complications.
Researchers have localized stress-activated hormone receptors in oral taste cells responsible for detection of sweet, umami, and bitter. The findings suggest that stress hormones may directly affect how these cells respond to sugars and certain other taste stimuli.
A new study suggests revising the definition of kidney disease progression used in clinical trials could shorten trial length and encourage more trials. This revised definition, based on a decline in estimated kidney function, carries higher risks for end-stage renal disease and mortality but is common enough to facilitate testing.
A pilot study found that e-cigarettes are more acceptable and effective in helping smokers quit than nicotine inhalers. The devices' better marketing and high acceptance rates contribute to their popularity.
Scientists are exploring the potential of adult stem cells from bone marrow to treat brain damage by manipulating neural markers. The research, published in Developmental Biology, aims to develop a way to introduce stem cells into the brain and modify them to repair damaged brain cells.
Researchers at Rice University have created a porous material that can capture and polymerize carbon dioxide from natural gas at ambient temperature. The material shows promise to replace more costly and energy-intensive processes, enabling the economic production of gas resources with higher carbon dioxide content.
A Columbia University School of Nursing study found that patients receiving home health care are vulnerable to serious infections due to poor hygiene practices. The research highlights the need for proper training and education for caregivers to prevent infections, particularly among patients with central venous catheters.
Astronomers have discovered two new planets orbiting a nearby ancient star, Kapteyn's Star, which is just 13 light years away from Earth. One planet, Kapteyn b, is thought to be warm enough to support liquid water on its surface, while the second, Kapteyn c, is a more massive super-Earth with uncertain habitability.
The study identified oncogenic driver genes in over 1,000 lung cancer patients and found that those with targeted treatments survived longer. The researchers aim to expand this technology to other types of lung cancer.
A new study from Drexel University suggests that in utero exposure to antidepressant medications may contribute to a higher risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children. The study analyzed large population-based registers and found a two-fold increased risk for ASD associated with in utero exposure to SSRIs.
The ASU Biodesign Institute has developed a high-quality biomarker discovery core competency to identify and select biomarkers for radiation biodosimetry. The team is now optimizing the assay panel and platform workflow to prepare for regulatory clearance from the FDA.
A Cornell research team has developed a new microfluidic device to isolate and study the most aggressive cancer cells. The device separates these cells from less aggressive ones, enabling researchers to analyze molecular changes that contribute to metastasis.
Scientists have detected two planets orbiting Kapteyn's star, one of which could support liquid water and potentially harbor life. The discovery was made using HARPS spectrometer data and reveals a third of the mass of the Sun.
A new study found that night owls are more likely to be sedentary and experience barriers to exercise. Later sleep times were associated with more self-reported minutes sitting and perceived difficulties in exercising. Circadian factors should be considered when discussing exercise participation, especially for less active adults.
Researchers at Vetmeduni Vienna warn of the impact of fencing and railway development on migratory ungulates in Mongolia's Gobi-Steppe Ecosystem. The authors advocate for structural modifications to fences, removal of unnecessary barriers, and re-routing of railway lines to minimize negative effects on ecosystem integrity.
EPFL-led consortium develops new cement blend that substitutes up to half of Portland cement, promising to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 40%. The new blend, called LC3, is stronger and more robust than traditional cement, thanks to synergistic chemistry between calcined clay and ground limestone.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a molecular 'scaffold' that allows key parts of cells to interact, which comes apart in dementia and motor neuron disease, revealing a potential new target for drug discovery.
A recent study by King's College London found that centenarians in England are more likely to die from pneumonia, with many succumbing to infections. The researchers emphasize the need for tailored health services to address this growing demographic group's increasing frailty and vulnerability.
Researchers found that climate change films often perpetuate limiting identity politics, reinforcing racial, gender, and sexual stereotypes. The study suggests that dominant representations in these films fail to align with key sustainable development goals of equity, freedom, and shared responsibility.
Coral reefs support 25% to 35% of ocean fish, providing protein for millions. Ecologist study reveals how corals respond to high water temperatures by expelling heat-sensitive algae, which can have long-term consequences.
A study published in mBio suggests that the virulent US fish epidemic emerged from an Asian source, with the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila causing serious infections in catfish. Researchers identified a common ancestor responsible for the virulent strains of A. hydrophila affecting both China and the United States.
A recent ant study discovered three new copies of egg yolk protein Vitellogenin, which play distinct roles in regulating ant societies. The findings suggest that patterns underlying caste differences are not easily generalized across social insects.
A population-based observational study found centenarians are more likely to die of pneumonia and frailty, while hospital deaths were higher in England compared to other European countries. The study suggests that better health care provision could enable people to remain in their usual residence and reduce hospital admission at the en...
Researchers developed a new test that assesses metastatic risk by identifying specific cell types in tumor microenvironments. The test was more accurate than existing methods in predicting distant tumor spread and showed promise in tailoring therapy for breast cancer patients.
The big data era presents both challenges and opportunities for modeling and simulation, as it requires adapting to novel research thinking and methods. The paper highlights the need for exploratory research combining simulation-based engineering and science to develop a new simulation paradigm.
Scientists have developed a liver cancer vaccine that is effective in preventing the disease in mice, with the goal of improving patient survival rates. The vaccine targets a specific protein expressed by most liver cancer cells, allowing the immune system to recognize and attack them.
A Michigan State University study finds that private security guards lack formal training, making them unprepared to handle problematic individuals and altercations. The $7 billion industry demands more stringent standards and requirements.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered how melanoma drugs can lead to cancer progression when treatment is stopped. Using a combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors shows promise in combating drug resistance in advanced metastatic melanoma.
The Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) will measure Earth's elevation with six beams, generating a more detailed portrait than the original ICESat. Scientists will track change, including melting glaciers and sea ice, using precise height measurements.
Scientists have developed a way to modulate the thermal conductivity of lithium cobalt oxide, a key material for rechargeable batteries. This breakthrough enables dynamic control of heat evolution and dissipation, leading to improved performance and safety.
Tropical Depression 2E has high, very cold cloud top temperatures indicating strong thunderstorms and potential for heavy rainfall. The National Hurricane Center forecasts large rainfall amounts in southern Mexico over the next couple of days.
A study analyzing hospital-based data found no significant changes in patient outcomes after duty hour restrictions were implemented for neurosurgery residents. The researchers examined data from 2000-2002 and 2004-2006, comparing outcomes before and after the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) mandate.
Rates of adverse outcomes, including premature death and violent crime, in people with schizophrenia are increasing compared to the general population. Men and women with schizophrenia were eight times more likely to die prematurely than the general population.
Jessell's seminal research revealed how naïve neural cells develop into distinct motor neuron subtypes to form the spinal cord circuitry. His work has helped create a blueprint for treating neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Berkeley Lab researchers have developed the world's first fully two-dimensional field-effect transistor (FET) using layered materials with van der Waals interfaces. This breakthrough promises to improve the performance and scalability of electronic devices, enabling the creation of faster and more efficient electronics.
Renewable energy capacity surged globally, driven by supportive policies in emerging economies. Over 95 nations now have renewable energy growth policies in place, accounting for 56% of net additions to global power capacity. Renewables accounted for 22% of the world's power production and 19% of global final energy consumption.
India's population of 1.3 billion will generate over 900 million notebook computers past their life expectancy by 2025, highlighting the need for effective e-waste recycling infrastructure. The study estimates that over a billion PCs will be obsolete by 2020, posing significant risks to human health and the environment.
Scientists discovered that blocking GLUT8, a molecule carrying large amounts of fructose into liver cells, prevents fatty livers in mice. The study suggests the liver acts as a sink for processing fructose, potentially harming overall metabolic syndrome.
Research reveals Amazonian forests are being altered by multiple environmental factors, creating greater perils for the world's largest rainforest. The study found that fragmented forests change rapidly, with trees dying and vines proliferating, while nearby undisturbed forests also experience changes.
A community-based program significantly lowered blood pressure among minority populations at high risk of developing hypertension. Participants who engaged more with the program showed greater reductions in blood pressure, highlighting the importance of regular monitoring and education.