Researchers found that fishing boats affect seabird behavior across a vast distance of up to 22 kilometers. Gannets were drawn to the abundance of discards and boat activity rather than driftwood or idle vessels.
Scientists urge travelers to use insect repellents containing DEET to prevent diseases like malaria and dengue fever, which can be transmitted by insects. The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine launches Bug Off campaign for Insect Repellent Awareness Day.
Research suggests that resveratrol supplements during pregnancy can cause pancreatic abnormalities in fetuses, posing a risk to human health. The study found benefits of resveratrol for blood flow and obesity protection but negative effects on the fetal pancreas.
The laboratory uses pneumatic launchers and high-speed cameras to study structural elements' response to impacts. Researchers aim to design armor plating that can withstand various types of collisions.
According to a Yale University study, nearly 12% of American children experience confirmed maltreatment by age 18, affecting over 5.6 million children between 2004 and 2011. Black and Native American children are disproportionately affected, with one in five and one in seven experiencing maltreatment respectively.
The DREAM project has successfully mined genomic data to predict breast cancer cell line responses to drugs, achieving 78% accuracy in identifying sensitive versus resistant cell lines. The study also identified molecular markers that can be tested against large collections of human samples.
The Health Data Exploration project aims to catalyze the use of personal health data for research, identifying policies and best practices for its transformative knowledge. The Network will bring together companies and researchers to strategize on using personal data to understand health.
A study found that approximately 25% of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are missing too many doses of essential maintenance medication, which minimizes the risk of relapse. Nonadherence triples relapse risk, with African Americans and Asians being more prone to non-adherence than non-Hispanic whites.
The Hudson River has undergone significant changes in its flow, chemical composition, and ecology over the past quarter-century. A 40% increase in freshwater flow has countered the effects of higher temperatures, while pollution levels have decreased, prompting rapid evolutionary responses in certain species.
Researchers argue that multivitamin/mineral supplements help cover micronutrient deficiencies, improving general health and potentially preventing chronic disease. The vast majority of Americans have inadequate nutrition, with critical needs for certain groups such as older adults and obese persons.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have successfully engineered microbes to convert switchgrass into fuel without pre-treatment. This breakthrough allows for the direct conversion of lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks into transportation fuels, marking a significant step towards affordable and sustainable energy production.
The journal, one of the world's oldest entomology journals, adopts a new open access format to increase visibility and dissemination of research papers. This innovation allows authors to freely share their work, promoting increased citation rates and collaboration opportunities.
A CDC report documents outbreaks of infections caused by health care providers stealing or tampering with patients' medications. Over 100 infections and nearly 30,000 patients have been potentially exposed to bloodborne or bacterial pathogens over the past decade.
Researchers have developed sperm-inspired microrobots that can be controlled by oscillating weak magnetic fields, enabling applications such as targeted drug delivery and in vitro fertilization. The robots consist of a head coated in a thick cobalt-nickel layer and an uncoated tail, propelled forward by magnetic torque.
UK researchers are developing new materials to create artificial corneas and contact lenses that can be manufactured in an environmentally friendly way. The project aims to reduce the financial impact of vision loss on individuals and the economy, with potential breakthroughs in treating age-related macular degeneration.
Older adults who exercised regularly experienced less physical decline than their peers, according to a University of Missouri study. The researchers found that muscle-strengthening exercises, which are crucial for maintaining muscle strength, were often overlooked despite having access to recreational activities and exercise equipment.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have developed a way to both transmit and store electricity in a single copper wire, using nanotechnology. This breakthrough could enable the use of energy-storing cables in applications such as electric vehicles, space-launch vehicles, and portable electronic devices.
The American Society of Clinical Oncology recognizes MD Anderson leaders Gabriel Hortobagyi, Waun Ki Hong, and John Mendelsohn for their significant contributions to cancer research. Mendelsohn is known for his discovery of the monoclonal antibody Erbitux, while Hong has made groundbreaking advances in treating head and neck cancers.
A Kaiser Permanente study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that patients with small HER2+ breast cancer tumors (<0.5 cm) had a high survival rate without distant recurrence, even without treatment. For larger tumors (0.6-1 cm), the risk was slightly lower but still remained low.
A recent study estimates that nearly 1 in 8 American children will experience some form of maltreatment by the time they reach age 18. This alarming finding highlights the need for increased support and resources to protect vulnerable young lives.
Researchers developed an external laser device to detect alcohol vapors inside moving cars, reducing accidents caused by drivers under the influence. The device can identify cars with intoxicated drivers or passengers and alert authorities, potentially decreasing traffic checks.
A team of researchers has successfully replicated the amplification of cosmic magnetic fields in a laboratory experiment, using supercomputer simulations and high-powered laser beams. The findings provide insight into the origins of magnetic fields in interstellar space.
Scientists have confirmed that strengthened connections between neurons, known as long-term potentiation (LTP), underlie memory formation. The study used optogenetics to strengthen and weaken these connections in genetically engineered rats, successfully forming, removing, and reactivating a memory.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have detected a fundamental particle of light-matter interaction in metals, known as an exciton. The discovery provides a microscopic quantum mechanical description of how light excites electrons in metals.
A new trial found that giving chemotherapy immediately to men with newly diagnosed, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer can extend their survival by more than a year. The study showed significant benefits in both overall and high-extent disease populations.
Researchers used gene expression arrays to analyze biopsies from ICON7 patients and found that patients with proliferative and mesenchymal subtypes responded best to bevacizumab. This subtype analysis may help identify patients who will benefit from the treatment, potentially reducing unnecessary toxicity.
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation increases survival by 2-3 times but is delivered in only 1 in 5 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests across Europe. Improving education for schoolchildren and dispatchers could save thousands of lives.
A study found that smokers with the BRCA2 gene defect are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer, with around one in four suffering from the disease. The researchers also discovered a link between squamous cell lung cancer and a defect in the CHEK2 gene.
Four phase III trials released findings on new chemotherapy regimens and targeted treatments for advanced cancers. The studies confirm the effectiveness of commonly used treatments and provide insights into optimal patient care.
The number of cancer survivors in the US is expected to grow from 14.5 million to almost 19 million by 2024 due to an aging population and improved treatment outcomes. The majority of cancer survivors were diagnosed five or more years prior, with nearly half aged 70 or older.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine discovered a single nucleotide change in human DNA that affects the expression of a key protein involved in hair color. This subtle change in gene expression can have significant impacts on an individual's hair color, with blonde hair resulting from increased KITLG expression in hair follicles.
HHMI researchers have pinpointed a single-letter change in the genetic code that generates blond hair in humans. This variation is common in Northern Europeans and fine-tunes the regulation of an essential gene involved in hair color, showcasing how independent changes can be encoded to produce specific traits.
A UCLA research team has discovered a new hormone called erythroferrone, which regulates the iron supply needed for red blood-cell production. Erythroferrone suppresses hepcidin, allowing more iron to be made available for red blood-cell production and potentially treating iron disorders.
A new genetic cause has been identified for two common male reproductive birth defects: cryptorchidism and hypospadias. The VAMP7 gene duplication was found to be the underlying cause of these defects in nearly 1.35% of patients, with no similar association observed in control subjects.
A new UCLA-led report concludes that reducing greenhouse gas emissions is the primary way to combat global warming. The study finds that technology already available can reduce carbon emissions by up to 7 gigatons per year, but political support for emission reduction is lacking.
University of Adelaide researchers have created the world's most precise thermometer, using light to measure temperature differences of 30 billionths of a degree in just one second. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize industrial and medical applications where trace amount detection is crucial.
The ALTTO trial showed that adding lapatinib to trastuzumab and chemotherapy did not improve patient outcome, while increasing toxicity. Researchers suggest standard adjuvant treatment should remain trastuzumab with chemotherapy for early stage HER2-positive breast cancer.
A preclinical study of Rice University's quadrapeutics technology found that it can detect and kill cancer cells instantly, without harming surrounding normal organs. The technology uses a combination of existing clinical treatments and mechanical events triggered by nano-explosions to target cancer cells.
Researchers used high-powered lasers to create table-top supernovae, recreating the explosive events that occur when stars reignite or collapse. The experiments revealed irregular 'knotty' features and intense radio and X-ray emissions, confirming a theory about the interaction between magnetic fields and interstellar material.
A study has found that copy number variants (CNVs) are a common event contributing to various conditions, including blindness, deafness, and metabolic disorders. CNV screening can aid in diagnosis, clinical management, and prognosis, providing valuable information for reproductive counselling.
The study found that children's anxiety scores were lower in the presence of a parent during induction, with higher rates of good compliance (83% vs. 50%) and improved overall quality ratings (9.3/10). Parents who experienced this procedure also reported high satisfaction and willingness to repeat it.
A Phase III clinical trial found that enzalutamide significantly reduced the risk of prostate cancer progression by 81 percent and improved overall survival by 29 percent. The treatment also helped prevent cancer spread to bones and delayed chemotherapy needs.
Brazilian physicists are taking advantage of increased funding to lead global research projects, including the Pierre Auger Observatory. However, they still face issues with science education and recognition, hindering their progress as a leading international community.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a genetic mutation in PPM1D that contributes to the growth and death of tumor cells in brainstem glioma. This mutation may render radiation therapy ineffective, providing immediate clinical benefits and paving the way for new drug development.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have discovered that combining graphene with boron nitride creates an additional band gap, allowing for more control over its electrical conductivity. This phenomenon, known as the Hofstadter butterfly, results in strongly contorted replicas of the original graphene spectrum.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health discovered a robust backup DNA repair mechanism in yeast cells that prevents common genetic mutations. This finding suggests a similar system may exist in humans, providing potential new targets for controlling some cancers and treating Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine discovered that leptin affects not only brain cells called neurons but also other types of cells involved in appetite regulation. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes.
Researchers identified 17 independent genes related to liking for certain foods, including artichokes and white wine, which can be used to personalize nutrition plans and improve health outcomes. This study has the potential to significantly impact diet-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
The challenges in cancer molecular testing require effective communication between oncologists and pathologists. Close communication, systems approaches, and new institutional protocols can help ensure efficient testing and optimal patient outcomes.
Scientists successfully erased and reactivated memories in rats by applying specific frequencies of light and electrical stimuli to the brain. This breakthrough study offers new hope for treating Alzheimer's disease, as it shows promise in strengthening or weakening synaptic connections that are weakened in the condition.
A chemotherapy regimen after radiation therapy improved progression-free survival and overall survival in adults with low-grade gliomas by an average of 5.5 years compared to radiation alone. The study, RTOG 9802, also found better outcomes for patients with oligodendroglioma and females.
Researchers from CSIC have developed idTracker, a software that uses algorithms to identify and track individual animals in videos. This allows for the study of rules of social interaction in groups, previously impossible due to identification errors. The software is easy to use and has been tested with various species.
Research at Euroanaesthesia meeting found that children exposed to indoor coal-burning stoves and/or second-hand tobacco smoke experience higher postoperative complications and excessive pain after tonsillectomies. Elevated carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations were linked to increased pain sensitivity and more frequent use of painkillers.