The University of Nevada, Reno is partnering with NevadaNano to develop a robotic flying vehicle that can be used for environmental health and safety monitoring of large areas. The project combines the university's autonomous systems expertise with NevadaNano's unique sensor technology for chemical sensing.
The current terrorism risk insurance program provides government support for spreading losses and covering extreme losses, making the country more resilient to future attacks. Without this program, the take-up rate for terrorism insurance would likely fall, putting national security at risk.
Congenitally blind individuals can learn to recognize human body shapes through soundscapes, with an average of 70 hours of training required. The brain's visual cortex responds to sound patterns, allowing participants to detect posture and imitate movements.
Researchers at IUPUI used computer vision to study neurons in model organisms like fruit flies, revealing new insights into brain motor circuits. The study's findings may one day inform therapies for conditions such as stroke, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.
A new study published by the American Psychological Association found that black boys are more likely to be perceived as older and less innocent than their white peers in police encounters. Researchers tested 176 police officers and found that those who dehumanized blacks were more likely to use force against a black child.
The Hubble Space Telescope has photographed an asteroid, P/2013 R3, breaking apart into as many as ten smaller pieces. The fragments are drifting away from each other at a leisurely 1.5 kilometers per hour, likely due to the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect.
Research reveals that oxidation reaction between atmospheric iron oxide reduces soil plasticity, sensitivity, and structural yield stress. The transformation is caused by micro-structure remodeling, not inherent mineral changes, and has potential adverse effects on soil stability.
Researchers at UT Arlington found that exposure to BPA can increase HOTAIR expression in breast tissue and tumor cells, potentially contributing to breast cancer growth. The study's results suggest a link between BPA and tumor genesis in addition to tumor growth.
Researchers discovered a compact cloud of poisonous gas formed by ongoing collisions among a swarm of icy bodies, suggesting an unseen planet with Saturn-like mass. The study suggests that the comet swarm could be the remnant of a crash between two Mars-sized icy planets or frozen debris trapped by the gravity of the hypothetical planet.
Scientists have observed phonon polaritons in van der Waals crystals, which can be tunable and long-lived, opening the door for innovative applications in nanoscale devices. The discovery uses infrared light to launch waves that travel across the crystal material, creating interference patterns.
The ALMA observations revealed a compact clump of carbon monoxide gas in the debris disc around Beta Pictoris, which is surprising given its short lifetime. The team suggests that cometary collisions are replenishing the carbon monoxide, with one large comet collision every five minutes needed to achieve this amount.
Researchers identified individuals with specific musical anhedonia, a condition where people can't experience pleasure from music. They found that these individuals show no autonomic responses to music but respond to monetary rewards, suggesting different ways to access the reward system.
Researchers have successfully used flawed but colorful diamonds as sensitive magnetometers to study high-temperature superconductors. These diamond sensors can measure tiny magnetic fields in exotic materials and even human tissue, offering a new tool to explore the physics of these poorly understood materials.
Researchers identified an enzyme called TLK1 that regulates the transport of histones to DNA copying hubs, crucial for maintaining normal gene function. The study found that TLK1 boosts the supply of histones at critical time points, ensuring correct chromatin architecture and cellular identity.
A new study by the University of California, Irvine, found that Head Start is more beneficial for children from homes with less early academic stimulation. The program improved math, literacy, and receptive vocabulary skills in these children, who scored lower initially but gained more from participating.
Researchers have found a mysterious 'shepherd' exoplanet in the Beta Pictoris system, which suggests that the system may be capable of supporting life. The planet is believed to be about the size of Saturn and is thought to be responsible for corraling a swarm of icy comets.
The TRMM satellite's data revealed a large low-pressure center in the Pacific Ocean moving towards California, resulting in over four inches of rain and evacuation orders. The storm then affected Arizona, New Mexico, and eventually the Ohio Valley, with precipitation and snow covering large areas of the Eastern US.
Researchers have found that warmer temperatures push malaria to higher elevations in highland regions of Ethiopia and Colombia, with significant consequences for densely populated areas. Climate change is expected to result in a substantial increase in malaria cases globally unless disease monitoring and control efforts are strengthened.
A study at Tufts University has identified the gene TAZ as a critical regulator of breast cell development and cancer. The research team found that TAZ helps to control whether breast cells behave like basal or luminal cells, which is important in understanding and treating certain types of aggressive breast cancer.
Researchers found a clear signal of climate change's impact on malaria, with cases shifting to higher elevations in warmer years and back down in cooler years. Climate warming is expected to increase malaria cases in tropical highland areas, particularly in Africa and South America.
A comprehensive framework identifies crucial elements supporting evolution of social behaviour in structured populations. Helping neighbours reproduce more or live longer does not have same indirect consequences on own fitness.
A study found that low sleep duration in obese adolescents significantly increases their risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Researchers used physical activity monitors to measure typical patterns of physical activity and sleep, and found a strong association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk score.
Researchers at San Diego State University will develop tailored asthma management strategies and community programs to improve control and minimize complications among Latino children. The project aims to address disparities in asthma care, informing a more culturally appropriate approach to treatment.
International cricket attendance is largely driven by team strength, according to new research. The study found that strong teams draw bigger crowds, even if the match is an unequal contest.
The Australian National University-led Cooperative Research Centre for Space Environment Management will track space debris, improve predictions of space debris orbits, and predict potential collisions in space. The center aims to reduce the rate of debris proliferation and remove debris using ground-based lasers.
A robotic prosthesis has been developed for an amputee drummer, allowing him to play with unprecedented control and creativity. The device features two drumsticks, one controlled by the musician's arms and the other using electromyography sensors that respond to muscle signals.
Asteroid P/2013 R3 broke apart into 10 smaller pieces as it approached the sun, with fragments drifting away at a leisurely pace. Scientists believe the asteroid's weak interior and gradual rotation rate may be responsible for its disintegration.
The MIT team proposes using contingency propellant from past missions to fuel future spacecraft, reducing the need for additional fuel storage. By utilizing a 'steady-state' approach and stockpiling fuel at depots in space, lunar missions can carry heavier payloads with less fuel.
A recent study explores the mental state of returning veterans, finding that many struggle with identity conflict and feel 'alien' among family and friends. The research highlights the need for broader dialogue around veteran experiences beyond diagnosable illnesses like PTSD.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that the hybrid zone between Carolina and Black-capped Chickadees is moving northward at a rate of 0.7 miles per year, mirroring warming winter temperatures. The study uses genetic analyses and crowdsourced data to track the birds' movements and identifies females as leading the charge.
Researchers found that human umbilical cord blood cells transplanted into rats with simulated myocardial infarction improved left ventricular heart function and preserved myocardial fiber structure. The study showed long-term benefits for the treated rats, suggesting a potential therapy for MIs.
A team of researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital has generated stem cells from skin biopsies of living family members with a genetic predisposition to early-onset Alzheimer's. The study found that the APPV7171 mutation alters amyloid-beta protein generation, Tau protein expression, and phosphorylation, providing new insights into ...
A recent study reveals that the genetic disease ARVC is more widespread than initially assumed, with all known affected families sharing a common genetic origin. The mutation was first identified in Canada and has since been found in European countries including Germany, Denmark, and the USA, indicating a shared European heritage.
Astronomers have witnessed the first-ever breakup of an asteroid into as many as 10 smaller pieces using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The discovery suggests that sunlight may be responsible for this type of disintegration, which is a subtle effect known as YORP torque.
A Tel Aviv University study reveals that pay secrecy weakens employees' perception of a pay increase following performance improvement. High-performing workers are more sensitive to the lack of link between performance and pay, leading to decreased job satisfaction and increased turnover.
The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) has received $3.2 million from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) to continue its collaborative cancer research program in Texas. CERCIT researchers are studying cancer treatment outcomes, access to care, and patient survival rates.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute and Vanderbilt University have created the most detailed 3-D picture yet of a membrane protein linked to learning, memory, anxiety, pain and brain disorders. The study focused on the mGlu1 receptor, which helps regulate neurotransmitter glutamate.
A new study led by the University of South Florida found that molecular subtyping can better identify women at high risk of recurrence. The method classifies breast cancer tumors into four genetically-distinct categories, providing valuable information for personalized treatment decisions.
Scientists at MIT and NASA have identified a process in the Earth's magnetosphere that reinforces its shielding effect, keeping incoming solar energy at bay. A plume of low-energy plasma particles slows magnetic reconnection, blunting the sun's effects on Earth.
A lack of evidence on effective de-escalation techniques has been identified by researchers, who are now calling for a randomized controlled trial to establish best methods. The NHS reports a rise in reported assaults, highlighting the need for research to identify the most successful approaches.
Researchers studied E. coli evolution in mice guts, finding rapid emergence of advantageous mutations and large genetic variation over time. The study demonstrates complexity of gut microbiota and opens room for new strategies to fight disease by manipulating gut microbes.
The study found significant positive outcomes for children enrolled in the state's universal pre-k program, with average scores above the national norm on key measures of language, literacy, and math. The results were most pronounced in key language and literacy skills, which are important precursors for later reading ability.
A team of researchers at RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science discovered that evanescent electromagnetic waves carry momentum and spin components orthogonal to the direction of wave propagation. These findings offer a unique opportunity to investigate fundamental physical features, previously hidden in usual propagating light.
Researchers found that classroom programs focusing on social and emotional skills can increase reading and math achievement, regardless of student background. Adequate training and support for teachers are key to unlocking these benefits.
A study published in PLOS Computational Biology found that birds exhibit individual lateralization biases when choosing flight paths, enabling flocks to split and avoid crowding. This allows them to navigate complex environments, such as dense bush and forests, with remarkable speed and accuracy.
Astronomers using ALMA telescope discover compact region of carbon monoxide gas swirling around young star Beta Pictoris, suggesting total destruction of comet every five minutes. The detection implies a massive swarm of icy bodies, possibly two Mars-size planets colliding within the past million years.
Researchers found that smallholder farmers' investment in microdosing led to improved productivity, with a 30-35% increase in adoption rates after training. Microdosing uses fertilizer more efficiently and has unlocked the power of chemical fertilizers in low-rainfall areas.
Researchers have found that rapid neuronal damage occurs 10-20 years before symptoms of inherited Alzheimer's disease appear, providing a crucial window for intervention. A clinical trial is underway to test the safety and efficacy of experimental drugs in this population.
A new study found that patients with advanced cardiac insufficiency who remain active and have low levels of depression can significantly increase their chances of surviving the waiting period for a donor heart. The researchers recommend psychological counseling to help patients stay physically active and reduce symptoms of depression.
A global inventory of flu strains in birds has identified over 116 avian flu strains in wild birds, twice the number found in domestic birds. The study also reveals patterns of flu diversity in different bird hosts, with some strains specific to certain species.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide are investigating epigenetics as a tool for understanding oral health. They aim to develop personalized treatments by analyzing an individual's epigenetic profile and environment.
A study found that patients with post-surgical complications are at high risk of readmission, with rates exceeding 70%. The research suggests that a simple online tool can help identify patients at risk and inform care decisions.
A new Cooperative Research Centre will use lasers to track and remove space debris in low orbits around the Earth. The initiative aims to reduce collision risks for satellites, space stations, and spacecraft.
The Journal of the Energy Institute is now available online, covering topics like combustion engineering, biofuels, and clean coal technology. The partnership aims to make high-quality research accessible to industry professionals and researchers worldwide.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that infants can use known verbs to learn new nouns by paying attention to how words are used in sentences. This suggests that word learning occurs naturally and can be facilitated by everyday conversations.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens found that rosiglitazone, a known diabetes drug, can prevent brain damage in mice with cerebral malaria and increase brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels in humans. The findings suggest that this approved drug may have protective mechanisms against long-term cognitive impairments.
A four-year study of over 3,000 opinions on Spanish web pages found that communication strategies aimed at creating risk perceptions about generic drugs may influence their low usage. Generic drugs have the same composition, quality, and safety as brand-name counterparts, yet their market share in Spain is lower than in Europe.
A team of researchers has created a detailed analysis of protein activity in human cancer cells, revealing the dynamic patterns of gene expression during the cell cycle. The study provides new insights into how genes work over time in cancer cells and could lead to the development of safer new drugs.
Researchers developed a set of 64 parameters to evaluate stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes, providing a standardized method to test cell function. This approach addresses critical quality control issues in the industry, enabling more reliable and reproducible tests for cell function.
Researchers found that a common mutation activates the Akt pathway, rendering cells resistant to chemotherapy and increasing growth. Inhibition of this pathway restored leukemic cell responses to front-line therapy.
A study of 37 obese adolescents found that even after controlling for physical activity, low levels of sleep remained a significant predictor of cardiometabolic risk. Objective sleep assessment may be a useful screening tool to identify at-risk adolescents.
Scientists at the University of Surrey have developed a new test to detect prostate and bladder cancers, showing twice the effectiveness of the existing PSA blood test. The EN2 biomarker test is being commercialized by Randox Laboratories and could lead to faster detection and cost savings.
Saarland University researchers have created a software system called Ubic to enhance the security of cash machine transactions using Google Glass. The system encrypts and protects users' PIN numbers, making it difficult for unauthorized individuals to spy on the transaction process.
A study identifies a key role for RBP4 in insulin resistance and inflammation of fat tissue, leading to an increased risk of diabetes. Researchers found that elevated RBP4 levels activate immune cells, triggering chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.
New research by HHMI scientists shows that as temperatures rise in tropical regions, malaria can spread to populations at higher elevations previously unaffected. Without increased control measures, climate change will increase the burden of malaria, particularly in densely populated areas at higher elevations.
Researchers at MIT and ETH Zurich develop technique to measure river network change, finding some rivers shifting due to imbalance in drainage divides. The study suggests that regions like the southeastern US are experiencing river network movement due to tectonic activity.
Research reveals patients who see the same doctor over time are more likely to raise a range of health problems and issues during consultations. This is because the doctor has better knowledge of their medical history and can address more topics within available time frames.
Researchers developed a new component, Source-Gated-Transistor (SGT), to create ultra-lightweight and flexible gadgets. SGTs improve energy efficiency and reduce costs, making them ideal for next-generation electronic devices.
A new study predicts that most of Europe will experience higher warming than the global average if surface temperatures rise to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. This could lead to increased evaporation and drought in regions like Spain, Portugal, and France, as well as more frequent extreme precipitation events and flood risks.
Group A streptococcus (GAS) infection can be life-threatening in pregnant women, with associated mortality rates of 30-50%. Dr. Brenna Anderson provides recommendations for rapid diagnosis and treatment of GAS infections in pregnant and postpartum women.
Scientists have identified issues with standard toxicity testing data used to inform dispersant decisions, highlighting the need for more accurate and comparable data. The current practices do not adequately replicate field conditions, such as sea state and weather, or consider exposure durations and concentrations.
A University of Colorado Boulder study has found that physicians' unconscious biases do not affect high blood pressure treatment for their minority patients. Despite earlier research showing a link between biases and lower patient ratings, the new study found no similar effect on treatment outcomes.
Researchers identify cannabinoid receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala, a key emotional hub involved in regulating anxiety and stress responses. The discovery may help explain why marijuana users take the drug to reduce anxiety.
Researchers found that Asian immigrant parents pressure their children into conservative professions to avoid discrimination, stifling individual choices. Decoupling race and ethnicity from achievement could improve self-esteem among Asian Americans and others.
A new study reveals that a pool of dense particles in the magnetosphere can extend out to meet and block incoming solar material, adding an extra layer of protection for spacecraft. This process helps curb magnetic reconnection, allowing energy and solar material to cross the boundary into the magnetosphere.
Preschoolers outperformed college students in figuring out cause-and-effect relationships using an unconventional game, thanks to their flexible thinking and ability to consider unlikely possibilities. The study suggests that young children's exploratory learning skills can be leveraged to improve machine learning.
A randomized controlled trial by the University of Oxford found that higher levels of omega-3 DHA in the diet are associated with better sleep in healthy children. The study, which involved 362 children aged 7-9, showed that supplements improved sleep duration and reduced waking episodes.
A new report finds energy drink consumption among teenagers may be linked with poor mental health and substance use, with nearly two thirds reporting use in the past year. Younger high school students were more likely to consume energy drinks than older ones, highlighting a trend of concern.
A recent NIH study found that contact lenses are safer and just as effective as permanent lenses for infants under seven months old after cataract surgery. The study showed more post-surgical complications and repeat surgeries in the IOL group compared to the contact lens group.
A new study found that iron deficiency is associated with lower IQ scores and poorer higher-order thinking skills in children adopted from institutions. Children with more severe iron deficiency were more likely to have impaired cognitive functioning, regardless of their general cognitive ability.
Researchers found GPs, practice nurses, and managers uncertain about responding to domestic violence cases involving children, highlighting a need for clear guidance and training on the interface between domestic violence and child safeguarding.
Researchers propose a coordinated response plan to study the impacts of biomass burning and haze on Southeast Asian marine ecosystems. The study aims to gather baseline information to inform effective management of threatened marine ecosystems in the region.
A new noninvasive urine test can distinguish among different causes of acute kidney dysfunction in transplant recipients. The test measures messenger RNAs related to disease processes and may allow patients to avoid invasive kidney biopsies.
University of Missouri researchers have found that access to social workers can address veteran's needs and prevent entry into the criminal justice system. Social workers play a key role in treating veterans with multifaceted treatment plans tailored to their individual needs, reducing substance abuse and mental health issues.
Worcester Polytechnic Institute is leading a $7.4 million Army project to develop more durable and cost-effective alloys for military vehicles. The research will focus on designing lightweight alloys that can meet specific military needs, including strength, toughness, and fuel economy.
Researchers at UC San Diego have found that the health risks to pregnant women with a history of Kawasaki disease (KD) are low with proper management and care. The study, published in British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, also notes that the long-term risk for adults with KD is not known.
Margaret Cheung, a UH physicist, has been awarded the American Physical Society fellowship for her work on biophysics and its applications to cancer and Alzheimer's research. Her research focuses on understanding protein behavior in cells to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Breast cancer patients with high vitamin D levels are twice as likely to survive the disease. Vitamin D receptors prevent tumor growth and expansion, leading to better survival rates in patients with high serum levels.
A recent study published in Developmental Science found that preschoolers (4-6 years old) can do basic algebra naturally, leveraging their Approximate Number System. The study used magic cups filled with objects to test children's ability to solve for a hidden variable.
The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) has selected six papers for the 2013 Cozzarelli Prize, honoring originality and excellence in scientific disciplines. The award recipients include studies on planetary formation, task-related 'cortical' bursting, and honey bee pathogen replication.
A new study published in Circulation reveals how changes in the organized cell membrane network of heart muscle leads to heart failure. Colchicine, a drug used for gout treatment, protects normal heart function by reducing microtubule density, while taxol accelerates damage during heart failure.
A novel approach integrating psychiatrists, psychologists, and telemedicine into primary care clinics significantly reduced psychiatric and general medical symptoms. The model has been shown to improve treatment outcomes and increase access to care for rural communities with limited mental health resources.
A recent perspective paper cautions about uncertainties in scientific evidence linking red and processed meat to increased cancer risk. The review discusses differences between animal studies and human data, suggesting that other foods may protect the gut from potential adverse effects of meat.
Researchers developed an algorithm to identify functional modules and relationships between metabolites, reactions, and enzymes in biochemical pathways. The tool enables life scientists to target their research efforts on critical groups most likely to improve our ability to understand and control important biological processes.
A new approach converts weak microwave signals into visible light for clean detection and reduces noise by a thousand times. This all-optical detection method is the first to achieve this at room temperature.
A new UC San Francisco study found that e-cigarettes are likely to be gateway devices for nicotine addiction among youth, opening up a new market for tobacco. The study of nearly 40,000 US teens discovered that e-cigarette use among middle and high school students doubled between 2011 and 2012.
Researchers found that a simple questionnaire predicting lung involvement improves patient outcomes in chronic graft-vs.-host disease. A score of 3 indicates shortness of breath at rest or requiring oxygen, associated with higher mortality. Early detection enables timely treatment to reduce symptoms and improve survival.
Sickle cell trait affects 3 million US citizens, with few aware of their status. Researchers call for improved communication of SCT results to primary care clinicians and genetic counseling on reproductive options
A team of computer scientists from Saarland University has developed a software system called Privada, which enables website owners to collect user data while protecting individual privacy. The system uses multi-party computation and perturbation to ensure that only trends in the aggregated statistic are preserved.