New research reveals that gut bacteria convert red meat's L-carnitine into trimethylamine-N-oxide, a compound promoting atherosclerosis. Gamma-butyrobetaine, another metabolite produced by gut bacteria, also contributes to cardiovascular risk.
A study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that performance is influenced by a person's aversion to loss, with those having high loss aversion doing better when faced with large prospective losses but choking under pressure of large gains. Brain imaging revealed the ventral striatum as the key brain area involved in this process.
A trial revealed that patients with a specific type of esophageal cancer who received the lung cancer drug gefitinib survived longer, with some patients living up to six months beyond their initial treatment. The drug has shown promise as a targeted treatment for this disease.
Researchers used coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to detect high-risk coronary artery plaque and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by abnormal liver function. The study found that NAFLD is associated with high-risk plaque, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors.
Researchers have created a new material that can detect explosives and toxic gases in seconds, offering four advantages over current detectors: sensitivity, accuracy, speed, and cost-effectiveness. The breakthrough could lead to flexible solar panels and improved public safety.
A Concordia University study reveals that hybrid fish become genetically robust like their purely wild counterparts within a few generations, providing hope for conservation efforts. This finding has implications beyond fish, with similar conclusions drawn about wolf species previously exposed to hybridization.
A new study by Rice University researchers reveals lemurs play a crucial role in dispersing seeds for trees, increasing survival rates. The findings highlight the importance of preserving lemur populations to maintain the health of Madagascar's rainforests.
Polar bears use scent associated with their paws to convey information about their social status and reproductive readiness. The study suggests that climate change could disrupt this vital communication method, impacting the animals' ability to reproduce successfully.
Researchers found high rates of individuals testing positive for Chagas disease and related heart disease in Texas, with rates 50 times higher than CDC estimates. The study aims to increase awareness and diagnosis of this emerging infectious disease in the southern United States.
The US Army and NREL have validated energy savings for net zero energy installations, reducing energy consumption by 25% and annual costs by up to $300 million. Six pilot sites achieved net zero energy, with varying approaches to energy efficiency and renewable energy production.
A Virginia Tech graduate student has received a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fellowship to study the effects of mercury contamination on red-winged blackbird populations. Her research aims to investigate how stress hormones and disease are connected in birds, with potential implications for understanding avian malaria infections.
A new analysis identifies 15 distinct social media uses during disasters, including providing preparedness information and reconnecting community members. The proposed framework aims to standardize and organize disaster social media practices, potentially protecting lives and aiding recovery
EBioMedicine brings together worlds of basic research and clinical science in an open-access journal with Cell Press and The Lancet editorial influence. The journal prioritizes rapid publication and publishes a range of research study types, including commentaries and viewpoints.
Researchers at UT Arlington are developing tissue-engineered artificial lymph nodes that can attract prostate cancer cells, allowing for more targeted treatments and potentially longer patient survival. The technology, led by Liping Tang, could also help identify the biological signals that enable cancer to migrate throughout the body.
Researchers discovered a counterintuitive effect where structural disorder counters thermal disorder in certain systems, leading to lower overall disorder. The study focused on charged fluids and found that disordered charges interact strongly with mobile ions to oppose the effects of thermal disorder.
The latest version of the Sensor Fish measures more forces and costs about 80% less than its predecessor. It will help further reduce the environmental impact of hydropower by accurately measuring forces fish feel as they pass through turbines and structures in conventional dams and other hydro power facilities.
Temple University School of Medicine has received a $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations grant to develop a non-invasive maternal blood test that predicts abnormal fetal neurodevelopment. The project aims to identify biomarkers in maternal blood that can predict healthy fetal brain development and guide interventions.
A study found that two-year-old children conform to the behavior of their peers more often than great apes. Children conformed more than half the time, while chimpanzees and orangutans stuck to their learned strategy.
A study found that adenotonsillectomy significantly decreased acute asthma exacerbations and episodes of status asthmaticus in children with asthma. The procedure may help alleviate underlying asthma severity by addressing related obstructive sleep apnea.
Researchers at the University of Southern California have engineered a new approach to attack childhood leukemia, a devastating form of cancer. They've designed a synthetic gene therapy that can selectively target and kill cancer stem cells, offering hope for children with relapsed disease.
A study found that fast food marketing tactics are more prevalent in middle-income, rural, and majority-black neighborhoods than in other areas. Marketing strategies targeting children were associated with higher rates of unhealthy food consumption.
Asthma is a widespread disease that causes genetic damage in peripheral blood, leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage. The study found four types of systemic effects, including protein damage, which can result in unstable chromosomes and increase the risk of other diseases.
Typhoon Nuri underwent eyewall replacement as high clouds moved over its eye on Nov. 4, with MODIS instrument capturing visible image of intense thunderstorms spiraling into the eye.
A recent study developed an AAV-based medication that offers substantial protective effects for patients attempting to cease methamphetamine use. The treatment, which tightly binds and sequesters meth away from its sites of action in the brain, is non-addicting and suitable for use in combination with existing behavioral therapies.
Grad students require 'street smarts' for success in academia, with techniques like self-marketing and networking crucial for career advancement. The proportion of PhDs securing tenured positions has declined, emphasizing the need for efficient use of training time and professional connections.
A randomized non-inferiority trial found that sublingual misoprostol was less effective than intramuscular oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage in Uganda. The study showed that women treated with misoprostol experienced more blood loss and side effects, while oxytocin was associated with fewer complications.
A study found that maternal obesity increases the risk of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract in children. Being overweight was not linked with an increased risk. The research highlights the importance of addressing obesity as a public health concern.
A new article provides 10 practical tips to support individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), empowering them to participate in their communities and receive personalized care. The 'Ten Tips' offer a framework for clinical practice and global advocacy, prioritizing the individual's hopes, dreams, and self-determination.
Dr. John Carpten, Deputy Director of TGen, receives AACR Distinguished Lectureship for his work on cancer health disparities in minority populations. He will deliver a keynote lecture on November 9 at the AACR conference.
The researchers suggest that dark matter may be composed of macroscopic objects, potentially assembled from ordinary and strange quarks or baryons. This idea challenges the current search for tiny exotic particles like WIMPS and axions.
Scientists investigated how scent communication affects polar bears, which is vital for reproduction and social behavior. The study suggests that climate change may disrupt this communication, threatening the species' survival.
A University of Tennessee study reveals little evidence of conservation organizations adapting to economic changes, limiting their effectiveness. The research analyzed tax filings and interviews with nonprofit leaders, finding inconsistent strategies across the sector.
Researchers found a new strategy and potential drug to target faulty Ras protein, which causes cancer by producing excess signals. This breakthrough offers opportunities for developing new treatments that exploit the discovery without harming healthy cells.
Researchers develop minimally invasive method to detect plastics exposure in seabirds using gland oil samples and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This technique can inform policy makers and citizens about the impacts of plastic litter at a global scale.
Researchers found that knocking out a single enzyme is responsible for changing blue penstemon flowers to red. The study reveals a predictable genetic change behind the evolution from blue to red, with reverse changes unlikely.
Researchers discovered genetic patterns that predict when breast cancers will spread to the brain, offering a potential early detection method. Faulty gene switches in the original tumor may serve as an early warning signal for brain metastasis.
A recent US study found that working mothers with nonstandard schedules experience insufficient sleep more often than those with standard hours. Working more than 35 hours per week was linked to increased difficulty in balancing work and family life for many mothers.
A large study found that surgery for sleep apnea significantly improves asthma control in children, with a 30% reduction in acute asthma exacerbations and a 38% decrease in severe asthma attacks. The study suggests that early identification and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea may help reduce asthma severity and improve outcomes.
More than 70% of women who have had breast cancer experience menopausal problems, including hot flushes that can persist for over five years and affect daily life. The study found that clinicians often underestimate the severity of these symptoms, with only 10-30% of patients experiencing severe hot flushes.
The AZTI study reveals that 50% of seniors are happy to accept new foods, but they insist on traditional flavors and health-enhancing properties. The research aims to design new foods for elderly people (65+) and pre-seniors (40-50) with a focus on pleasure and satisfaction.
Patients with emergency-diagnosed lung cancer reported difficulties in seeing their general practitioner (GP), including lack of confidence and fear of diagnosis. Nearly half of the patients delayed seeking medical attention for over 12 weeks, highlighting the need for improved patient education and rapid-access diagnostic clinics.
LA BioMed researcher Frans J. Walther is receiving Phase II funding to develop an aerosol form of synthetic lung surfactant, which could reduce complications in premature babies. The grant will support the development of a new treatment that can be easily administered in resource-limited settings.
The GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences has been awarded a $1.3 million grant to develop training programs for first responders in mass casualty events. The training will focus on medical readiness and immediate victim care, utilizing the Tactical Emergency Casualty Care (TECC) framework.
Researchers employed high-resolution X-ray CT scanning and digital visualization techniques to restore a complete skull of the 3-4m herbivorous dinosaur Erlikosaurus andrewsi. The team digitally dissected the skull, filling in breaks and cracks, duplicating missing elements, and reversing deformation, resulting in a life-like restoration.
Researchers developed a technique to recover aromatic compounds from regular beer, adding them to non-alcoholic beers. The results showed that 90% of tasters preferred the enriched low-alcohol and 80% alcohol-free beer over their original counterparts.
A new University of Michigan analysis reveals that less than half of Michigan birthing hospitals provide prevention information on their websites about Tdap vaccination and whooping cough. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends Tdap vaccination during pregnancy to protect newborns from this potentially deadly disease.
Researchers have identified genetic markers that may help in identifying individuals who could benefit from acamprosate, a commonly prescribed drug used to aid patients in recovery from alcoholism. Patients carrying specific genetic variants stay sober longer during acamprosate treatment.
A Loyola University Medical Center study has found radiation to be a risk factor for the development of meningiomas, a type of brain tumor, in individuals under age 30. The study analyzed records of patients diagnosed with meningiomas before age 30 and found that five had been exposed to ionizing radiation earlier in their lives.
Hurricane Vance is forecast to make landfall in northwestern mainland Mexico on Nov. 5, bringing large amounts of rainfall, including totals of 4-8 inches with isolated areas potentially seeing up to 12 inches. The storm is expected to weaken to a tropical depression over the next 24-36 hours before making landfall.
A new analysis suggests the Ebola fatality rate is over 70%, far higher than the initial 50% estimate, with the total number of affected individuals potentially exceeding 1 million by early next year. The exponential growth of cases raises concerns about exporting the disease to other countries and sparking a global humanitarian crisis.
A study found that Google glasses created partial peripheral vision obstruction in participants, inducing scotomas and impairing daily functions. The authors suggest additional research is needed to understand the effects of these devices on visual function.
A study of 4,644 men reveals that childhood behavioral conditions increase the likelihood of adult criminality. Heavy drinking and educational failure in adolescence contribute to this link, suggesting potential avenues for prevention.
A Danish study found that changes in diagnostic criteria and registration systems account for most of the increase in autism cases since the 1990s. The study analyzed data from over 677,000 individuals born between 1980-1991.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that adding sargramostim to ipilimumab improved overall survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. The combination treatment also had lower toxicity compared to ipilimumab alone.
A systematic review found that high-quality randomized controlled trials on behavioral weight loss counseling in primary care settings are limited, with only two studies identifying effective interventions producing an average weight loss of at least five percent. The review highlights the need for further research to evaluate the effe...
A Syracuse University geologist has discovered a correlation between earthquakes and landslides in Peru, suggesting that earthquakes may be the primary trigger for landslide activity. By analyzing river sediment particles, he found that erosion rates from landslides have not changed in response to climatic changes.
Traditional stories from around the world reveal five 'fitness costs' of warfare for women, including being killed, captured, or having offspring killed. These stories suggest that ancestral women developed tactics to increase their survival chances, such as manipulating male behavior and using defensive strategies.
Researchers identified significant alterations in the thalamus and putamen of premature babies, which may lead to designing effective prevention strategies and early interventional treatments for cognitive disabilities. These findings suggest that brain structure and circuitry changes related to prematurity can affect important functio...
The study found that meditation, yoga, and relaxation with imagery received an 'A' grade for easing anxiety and mood disorders common to breast cancer patients. Acupuncture was also recommended for controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Researchers discovered that elephant seals dive more efficiently with moderate body fat by changing their buoyancy. As they add fat stores during months-long migrations, the seals become neutrally buoyant, reducing energy costs and increasing time spent feeding at depth.