Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) show promise as a successor to silicon for smaller, faster and cheaper electronic devices. A new method improves their reliability and performance by coating them with PVDF-TrFE, a fluoropolymer that mitigates impurities and defects.
The Fashion Footwear Association of New York and QVC presented $240,000 to the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute for breast cancer research. The grant will fund research on why breast cancer recurs and metastasizes, a potentially major impact on breast cancer survival rates.
Researchers found no universal preference for high testosterone faces and nuanced effects of culture on mate choice. Across 12 populations, women preferred slightly less masculine faces, suggesting factors beyond infectious disease rates influence attractiveness.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research found that people's perception of alcohol taste varies due to genetic differences in bitter taste receptors. These differences can influence drinking habits, with some individuals experiencing more bitterness and lower liking for alcoholic beverages.
A new prototype developed by UPV/EHU researchers uses latent heat from paraffin materials to store thermal energy, offering a compact and modular solution for homes. The system can achieve up to 50% less volume and flexible design, making it suitable for spaces with limited availability.
Researchers at the University of Leicester have developed a novel electronic system for diagnosing canine lymphoma in its early stages and monitoring remission after chemotherapy. The cLBT test detects biomarkers associated with the disease, offering improved diagnostic capabilities for veterinarians and pet owners.
Researchers identified 230 SNPs associated with climate change and found that gene TBC1D12 became advantageous in colder climates, suggesting a link between sunlight and vegetation availability. The study could inform breeding practices for more resilient livestock breeds.
A study of pregnant women receiving computerized decision-support guides found significantly less invasive diagnostic testing compared to those without. The intervention resulted in more women choosing no or screening-only testing strategies.
A new study by NYU's Center for Drug Use and HIV Research found that many drug users have concerns about genetic testing due to lack of confidentiality and disclosure. Despite these concerns, participants indicated they would be more positive towards genetic testing if it improved their medical care.
Patients with untreated sleep apnea are at increased risk of serious cardiovascular complications, but those diagnosed and treated prior to surgery can experience a significant reduction in risk. The study found that respiratory complications were also twice as likely to occur in patients with OSA, compared to those without the condition.
Researchers found that critically ill ICU patients lose almost all of their gut microbes and those left are mostly pathogenic, leading to life-threatening sepsis. The study suggests that minimizing antibiotic use and stabilizing remaining microbes could improve patient outcomes.
A new study found that increases in state cigarette prices and restrictions on indoor smoking lead to decreases in beer and spirits consumption, but not wine. People who prefer beer or liquor are more likely to be smokers, suggesting a link between tobacco and alcohol use.
The NSF/SRC STARSS program aims to reduce the likelihood of unintended behavior in semiconductors. Researchers will focus on strategies and tools for authentication throughout the supply chain and in the field.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded $10.1 million in supplemental funding to bolster the research of 82 grantees exploring sex effects in preclinical and clinical studies. This investment encourages researchers to consider sex as a fundamental variable, leading to greater awareness of the need to study both sexes.
Tropical Depression Fung-Wong is transitioning from a tropical to an extra-tropical storm, gaining frontal characteristics. The depression has strongest thunderstorms stretched out in a cold front-like appearance, according to NASA's Aqua satellite data.
Termite fungus farmers developed a sophisticated system of cooperation between fungi and gut bacteria to break down complex plant components. The symbiotic community optimized for efficient plant decomposition involves division of labor, with fungi handling carbohydrates and gut microbes contributing enzymes for final digestion.
A new study introduces the 'area under the curve of oxygen desaturation', which provides a more comprehensive approach to monitoring blood oxygen levels during procedures. This measure, known as AUC Desat, includes information on the depth, duration, and rate of episodes of oxygen desaturation.
Researchers found that medical students from underrepresented minority backgrounds are more likely to have attended a community college at some point. Additionally, community college students who were accepted to medical school were more likely to commit to working with underserved populations.
Researchers at UTSA's South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases have discovered a regulatory thermometer in Vibrio cholerae bacteria that controls the expression of virulence factors leading to cholera. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic strategies against this deadly disease.
New research suggests that a specific brain wave, P300, can be used to identify details that a person has seen and recognized from everyday life. A study found that this method could potentially be used in criminal investigations and courtrooms, with promising results.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that SNAP participants had lower dietary quality scores overall and lower scores for fruits and vegetables, seafood and plant proteins. The researchers highlight the need for interventions to encourage healthier diets among SNAP participants, particularly in subgroups at risk.
A multi-function protein called Sirt6 plays a crucial role in keeping 'jumping genes' inactive. The protein becomes busier repairing DNA damage with age, allowing the genes to become active and contribute to age-related diseases like cancer. Increasing Sirt6 levels may help protect older cells from aging.
A Tel Aviv University study reveals that the US' private-based healthcare system contributes to wealth-health inequality, with wealthy older Americans experiencing poorer health outcomes than their foreign counterparts. The research supports a move towards state-sponsored healthcare systems.
Researchers suggest that plasma bubbles may have contributed to communications outages during the Battle of Takur Ghar. A new computer model predicts the impact of such bubbles on future military operations, allowing for minimization of their effects.
Researchers have found that microRNA isoforms are more common than initially assumed, with certain variants exhibiting population-dependent and gender-dependent expression profiles. These findings suggest that miRNAs may serve a purpose beyond regulation of protein-coding genes.
The 1st EORTC Cancer Survivorship Summit has reported improved survival rates for patients with cancer, while also highlighting the need to address late adverse treatment effects. The summit addressed various topics including second malignancies, cardiovascular disease, and psycho-social problems following cancer treatment.
Researchers identified over 4000 genes with differing expression profiles between VS cells and normal Schwann cells, including the aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Testing compounds BEZ235 and PKI-587 reduced tumor cell viability and increased cell death.
A new study suggests that chimpanzees raised primarily around humans with less experience around their own species during the first four years of life tend to show reduced social competencies as adults. This effect is expressed years or decades after their lives as pets and performers were over.
A study on Gambel's white-crowned sparrows reveals how dying brain cells trigger the growth of new neurons each spring. The researchers hope to apply this knowledge to develop treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and depression.
A recent Oregon survey found that the 'Brain Breaks' DVD increases physical activity and improves educational performance among elementary school students. The program, developed by Oregon State University, offers short breaks of physical activity to improve children's mental awareness and educational success.
Eosinophilic gastritis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by high levels of eosinophils in the blood and gastrointestinal tract. The study found that it involves allergy-associated-immune mechanisms and has a distinct gene expression pattern, paving the way for improved diagnosis and treatment.
A new solar-powered treatment process can accelerate oil sands tailings reclamation by up to 84% and reduce costs. The technology has the potential to also treat municipal wastewater and could make it safer for rivers.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have identified a genetic driver of inflammation that can be used to prevent and treat liver cancer. The study found that blocking the expression of AEG-1 halts the development and progression of liver cancer by regulating inflammation.
A new study reveals that genetic variations in taste receptors influence intensity perceptions of alcohol-related sensations. Researchers found that individuals with different versions of bitter and burn receptor genes experience varying levels of bitterness and burning sensations when consuming alcohol.
A recent study found that mefloquine, an antimalarial drug, was not effective as an alternative to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for malaria prevention during pregnancy. Despite its safety profile, the drug showed poor tolerability and limited benefits for fetal health in HIV-positive women.
Researchers from the University of Southampton's Optoelectronics Research Centre have grown a new material, molybdenum di-sulphide (MoS2), with properties similar to graphene. This development expands the potential applications of MoS2 for nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.
The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in the US population has plateaued for adults between 2008 and 2012, with a slight decrease in incidence. However, certain subgroups continue to experience an increase in diabetes rates, exacerbating existing racial and socioeconomic disparities.
A meta-analysis of 70 studies found that fludeoxyglucose F18-PET combined with CT is less accurate for diagnosing lung cancer in areas with endemic infectious lung diseases. The pooled sensitivity was 89%, but specificity was lower (61%) compared to non-endemic regions (77%).
A new study finds that soil organic carbon decomposition does not accelerate under climate warming, but its storage remains constant. Ecosystem productivity increases with temperature change, while coarse wood decomposition and plant growth rates rise.
Nanocomposite oxide ceramics show promise as ferroelectrics, fast ion conductors, and nuclear fuels with improved transport and radiation resistance. Misfit dislocations at material interfaces dictate functional properties.
A Harvard team developed a human airway muscle-on-a-chip that accurately mimics the way smooth muscle contracts in the human airway. The chip can be used to test new drugs and measure human responses to asthma triggers, paving the way for patient-specific treatments.
A new Kinsey Institute study found that single parents of children under 5 date and are sexually active as often as singles without children, with no gender differences. The study also revealed that these individuals may be seeking adult company to help with childcare.
Researchers from Georgetown University's Institute for Reproductive Health developed strategies to change inequitable social norms resulting in gender-based violence. The study highlights the importance of community support, leaders, and positive social support in transforming gender roles.
A year-long study found that increased knowledge of HPV vaccines did not lead to higher vaccination rates among adolescents. Only about 14% of participants were ultimately vaccinated. The study highlights the importance of targeted interventions and convenient vaccination options in increasing vaccine uptake.
A new analysis found that FDG-PET technology is less accurate in diagnosing lung cancer versus benign disease in regions with high rates of histoplasmosis or tuberculosis. Misdiagnosis could lead to unnecessary tests and surgeries, with potential complications and mortality.
The UW-Madison team is creating a human tissue chip technology to classify compounds as dangerous or not dangerous. The technology has shown 100% accuracy in predicting toxic responses with early results on a 2-D system with 45 known toxins.
A CU-led study found that emission caps and encouraging renewable energy are effective strategies for reducing power plant emissions. The study's findings have significant implications for the EPA's Clean Power Plan and suggest a bottom-up approach to climate mitigation.
Researchers at Ohio State University have gained insight into how the body moves when walking by watching people walk naturally on a treadmill. They discovered that tiny variations in pelvis movement and foot placement can predict future steps with high accuracy.
Researchers found that animal communities in Sargassum rafts were significantly less diverse than those observed in the 1970s, with 13 species missing from recent samples. The study suggests that long-term shifts in ocean conditions may be contributing to the decline, but further research is needed to confirm this.
Fruit and vegetable consumption consistently associated with high and low mental wellbeing, suggesting potential role as driver of mental health in the general population. High mental wellbeing linked to healthier lifestyle habits, while low mental wellbeing strongly linked to mental illness and physical diseases.
The study proposes various compact devices capable of redirecting electromagnetic waves with high efficiency, opening up new ways of miniaturizing components and controlling light. The work utilizes ENZ metamaterials to achieve super coupling, tunnel effect, and confining energy in tiny spaces.
A study published by Kessler Foundation researchers found that using a foot drop stimulator during walking can retrain the temporal activation of the tibialis anterior muscle, improving muscle function. The results suggest that this intervention may facilitate recovery from foot drop, a common complication of stroke.
A Concordia University study found that businesses located furthest from market expansion have higher profits than those chasing customers. Retailers should analyze the market and secure good locations early on to maximize profits.
A new study by Duke University researchers suggests that water-quality trading programs can significantly lower costs of achieving Clean Water Act goals. By allowing polluters to buy, sell or trade credits, these programs can reduce pollution in river basins and estuaries faster and at a lower cost than requiring facilities to meet com...
Researchers found that low-density neighborhoods are more likely to stay integrated, while high-density areas become segregated. The study uses a mathematical model to simulate the movement of families between neighborhoods and shows that cities can quickly become segregated once a certain density threshold is reached.
Researchers identify butorphanol's target areas in the brain responsible for relieving itch, shedding light on its effectiveness against histamine-mediated and nonhistaminergic types of itch. The study's findings suggest that opioid receptors play a crucial role in modulating itch transmission.
Research by Bruce Beynnon and colleagues found that the size of the femoral notch and ACL volume increase the risk of noncontact ACL injuries. Female college athletes are two times more at risk than males, with soccer and rugby participants showing significantly greater injury risks. Targeting interventions for these high-risk athletes...
Researchers from Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center discovered that CenH3, a foundational protein in cell division, is surprisingly absent in many insect species. This finding challenges the long-held assumption of its essentiality and provides insights into the evolution of centromeres and potential mechanisms for chromosomal instability.
A Korean research team has successfully grown gallium nitride micro-rods on graphene substrates, enabling the creation of bendable light-emitting diodes. The technology has significant implications for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics devices.
A study by University of Nottingham researchers found that smart meters displaying individual and communal energy usage can lead to feelings of shame, anger, and guilt among housemates. This may result in increased conflict and negative emotions, particularly when one or more housemates are free-riding on others' energy usage.
The new grant will operate three powerful experimental stations at NSLS-II, allowing researchers to study protein structures and biological processes in detail. The facilities will also enable the development of new technologies for addressing challenging biological questions.
A study found that peer drinking reduces the protective effects of an ADH1B gene variant in adolescents, leading to increased risk of drinking milestones. The study analyzed data from 1,550 European and African-American individuals who consumed alcohol before age 18.
The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) will showcase its latest cancer research findings at the ESMO 2014 Congress. The conference will feature various sessions, including a joint symposium on clinical trials and posters focused on immunotherapy and gastrointestinal tumors.
Researchers found that infants with profound hearing loss who received cochlear implants reached vocalization levels of their hearing peers. This suggests that hearing is a critical aspect of motivation for making early sounds, and that auditory feedback plays a dynamic role in infant behavior.
A large-scale study has found that group nature walks are linked with lower depression, less perceived stress, and enhanced mental health. Regular participants in the Walking for Health program experienced a mood boost after outdoor group walks, especially those who had recently experienced stressful life events.
A new study recreates the French-flag model of stripe formation by engineering synthetic gene networks in E. coli. Researchers successfully developed a theoretical framework and a mathematical model to understand how genetic information is translated into specific spatial patterns of cellular differentiation.
A leading expert suggests that taking patients in cardiac arrest to hospital may be actively harmful and recommends empowering ambulance staff with skills to optimise CPR at the scene. This approach could save lives and reduce unnecessary transports, but experts acknowledge the complexity of applying guidelines in different regions.
Boston University's SCOPE project aims to improve urban life through a smart-city cloud-based open platform. The platform will offer services such as traffic congestion management, energy monitoring, and public safety services.
A recent study published in SAGE Open found that individuals who believe in guardian angels tend to be less likely to take risks compared to non-believers. The researchers surveyed 198 participants and discovered that the majority of those who believe in guardian angels are more cautious when making decisions, with a higher risk percep...
A UGA study reveals that socio-economic concerns drive mothers' decisions to bed-share. Salm Ward recommends personalized options and harm-reduction techniques to educate the population about safe sleep.
Researchers analyzed data from Sweden, UK, and US, finding obese teen boys earn up to 18% less than peers. The study attributes the penalty to lower cognitive and non-cognitive skills linked to obesity, bullying, and discrimination. Targeting early-life obesity could reduce socio-economic inequalities.
Researchers found that patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy during normal working hours were more likely to receive minimally invasive procedures. The study also revealed no significant differences in complication rates or length of stay between day and night surgeries.
Carnegie Mellon researchers found that mechanical processes, not just chemical signaling, are essential for cell communication during tissue growth. The study used a microfluidic control system to analyze cellular mechanics and revealed that disabling these connections impairs cell communication.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that human gut microbes can digest fiber and ferment it into nutrients for human cells. The microbes appear to have enzymes that break down complex plant fiber components more efficiently than cow rumen microbes, which could aid in biofuels production.
Researchers discovered that antifreeze protein-bound ice crystals resist melting even when temperatures warm, leading to potential adverse physiological consequences for the fish. The study also found ice superheating in nature, a phenomenon where internal ice crystals fail to melt at their normal melting point.
A Swedish study found that adolescents with sleep disturbance or short sleep duration are less likely to succeed academically. The research suggests that sleep may play a crucial role for adolescents' performance at school, with around 30% of participants reporting regular sleep problems.
Researchers found that people respond to surveys by selecting answer options with similar language, even when the similarities are subtle. The study highlights the importance of considering language patterns in survey design and analysis, potentially revealing unique attitudes among respondents.
Researchers discovered that autism with early language delay is associated with smaller brain volume in key regions and larger brainstem structures. Current language function also impacts grey and white matter volume changes in specific brain areas.
Researchers at Rice University created patches infused with conductive single-walled carbon nanotubes to overcome limitations in current patches, which hinder the transfer of electrical signals between cardiomyocytes. The patches can serve as full-thickness repairs without inducing abnormal cardiac rhythms.
A new rock formation, Tava sandstone, has been discovered in the Colorado Rockies, featuring an unusual relationship with older rocks. The formation is believed to have resulted from large earthquakes or other catastrophic events, and its age dates back to ~750 million years ago during the Cryogenian Period.
A study found that patients and healthcare professionals are willing to accept high rates of false-positives in cancer screening tests in exchange for increased diagnostic sensitivity. This means they are more likely to undergo unnecessary testing, such as radiologic or invasive follow-up tests, than accurate but inconclusive results.
A study found that early age of first drink and quick progression to intoxication are associated with high school student alcohol use and binge drinking. The research suggests that teenagers who start drinking at an early age tend to drink more heavily and engage in binge drinking.
Two new peptide vaccines and two peptide inhibitors targeting HER-3 and IGF-1R receptors have been developed by Ohio State Researchers. The studies show that combining these agents can boost effectiveness and prevent drug resistance, leading to improved response rates and durable remissions for various types of cancer.
The Case Center for Synchrotron Biosciences will assemble cutting-edge Nnew beamlines at Brookhaven National Laboratory, delivering ultra powerful x-rays to visualize nano-scale structures of molecules and proteins. The new facility will enable scientists to pinpoint disease-causing vulnerabilities and target therapeutic interventions.
A Dartmouth study reveals that insects' fear response limits their growth in the face of climate change. Insects exhibit slower growth and reduced food consumption when exposed to predator threats, highlighting the importance of considering fear as a key environmental factor.
The National Institutes of Health will award $17 million to support the development of human tissue chip technology, which could revolutionize predicting drug failure or success. Integrating chips mimicking human organ functions into a full body system will enable real-time measurement of drug effects and improve biomedical research.
Researchers found microplastics in nearly every sediment sample from the St. Lawrence River, with concentrations rivaling those in the world's most contaminated ocean sediments. The discovery raises concerns about the potential impact of microplastics on freshwater ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a new DNA sequencing method that can detect and characterize the bacteria causing tuberculosis in a matter of days, without the need for time-consuming laboratory culture. The technique, known as metagenomics, uses high-throughput sequencing technologies to analyze DNA extracted from sputum samples.
A gene mutation in ACD has been linked to aplastic anemia by disrupting telomere function and protecting cells from DNA damage. Researchers hope this discovery will lead to new treatments for the disease.
A research team from George Washington University has developed a new method for diagnosing pneumonia that uses DNA sequencing to identify bacterial pathogens. This approach could lead to more targeted and effective treatment, reducing healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes.
A new study using high-resolution Y chromosome sequencing has found that female populations have been larger throughout human history and remain so in most populations. The research suggests that processes like polygyny and women's tendency to move with their husbands contribute to females making a greater genetic contribution.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new two-step strategy for weakening cancer by harnessing the power of the immune system. The study found that alternating cycles of radiation or chemotherapy with immune-boosting treatments can alter the balance between cancer and the immune system, ultimately bringing the cancer to a wea...
A large-scale analysis found statin use associated with a 12% increased risk of type 2 diabetes over four years, as well as an average weight gain of 240g. Genetic variants linked to statin efficacy also showed smaller effects on weight and diabetes risk.