Scientists discovered genes in humans that make repressor proteins to shut down specific jumping genes, a type of retrotransposon. The findings suggest an ongoing battle between mobile DNA sequences and the genes that control them, leading to the evolution of greater genomic complexity.
Researchers used neural recordings to predict when a rat would give up waiting for a delayed tone. The findings suggest that individual brain cells cast votes for actions, but the outcome is not predetermined.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes found that progranulin deficiency can increase amyloid-beta plaque formation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Increasing progranulin levels via gene therapy effectively prevented these abnormalities and protected against cell death.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new battery concept using renewable biomaterials from alfalfa and pine resin, which can be recycled with low energy input and non-hazardous chemicals. The battery proved capable of delivering up to 99% of the energy output from a spent battery.
A survey of 895 doctors in Europe, South America, and Asia revealed that over three-quarters of oncology specialists believe their patients are not well-informed about treatment options. The majority (90%) use biomarker testing to choose treatments, but many identify cost or lack of reimbursement as key barriers.
A recent study found that expressive suppression is effective in reducing negative emotion in Chinese culture, even faster than cognitive reappraisal. The study used high temporal-resolution Event-Related Potentials and a rigorous experimental design to compare the effectiveness of both techniques.
A 10-year report by PICANet found a 15% increase in child admissions to intensive care units in England and Wales. However, despite increased staff numbers, the ratio of staff to beds remains lower, raising concerns about nurse availability for complex cases.
The CLEOPATRA study demonstrated a significant survival benefit of 15.7 months with the combination therapy, outperforming previous studies. The long-term safety profile and cardiac safety were also maintained.
Researchers developed a portable device to measure eccentric hamstring strength, finding that higher levels of strength can dramatically reduce hamstring injury risk. The study's results could have significant implications for football codes, with potential benefits for players and teams.
The IMPRESS trial found that continued gefitinib therapy after resistance development in lung cancer did not improve progression-free survival. Chemotherapy alone remains the standard treatment for patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
A team of scientists identified a rise in branched-chain amino acids as an early indicator of pancreatic cancer development, occurring years before symptoms appear. The breakthrough discovery has the potential to spur progress in detecting and treating the disease.
A survey of 80 female Greek oncologists found that women are under-represented in leadership positions, with team leaders being men in 82% of cases. The European Society for Medical Oncology launches a new initiative to promote the exchange of ideas among female oncologists and support women with cancer.
Adding cediranib to standard chemotherapy improves tumour shrinkage and adds a modest improvement in progression-free survival for patients with relapsed or metastatic cervical cancer. The study, published in Annals of Oncology, shows greater tumour shrinkage and increased median progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone.