Researchers developed a basic model circuit combining silver nanowire and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) that efficiently guides electricity and light along the same wire. The material enables strong light emission and efficient energy transfer, promising to improve mobile technology performance and efficiency.
Researchers identified Maresin-Ls, molecules that promote wound healing and reduce inflammation in patients with diabetes. The study restores reparative functions to diabetic macrophages, enabling better treatment of diabetic wounds.
Researchers reveal that archerfish actively control the dynamics of their water jets to hit targets at varying distances, employing a unique tool-using behavior. This adaptability has potential applications in human-built nozzles and industries.
Researchers will study changes in the addicted brain that lead to relapse, with a focus on transforming growth factor-beta signaling. The goal is to identify novel therapies for treating cocaine addiction and other psychostimulants.
A meta-analysis of 10 randomized controlled trials found that dexamethasone may impact preterm infant intelligence in early stages after birth, but lead to hearing impairment at later stages. The study provides evidence for clinical application of dexamethasone in treating respiratory distress syndrome and chronic lung diseases.
A new study in Russia highlights the challenges of reducing HIV transmission among heavy drinkers. The study shows that a behavioral intervention did not lead to a reduction in STIs and HIV risk behaviors, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions. Researchers recommend exploring alternative approaches to stem the growing epidemic.
A study from the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that women with Stage I disease who underwent breast conserving therapy (BCT) had superior five-year overall survival rates compared to those who received a mastectomy or BCS, even after adjusting for other risk factors.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have discovered a new scaffold protein called PRO40 that plays a crucial role in the production of fruiting bodies in hyphae fungi. By binding to specific kinases, PRO40 enables signal transmission and regulates MAP kinase modules.
Researchers at Harvard University and Cornell University have developed a non-rigid, shape-changing robot that can walk on four legs and operate without constraints. The robot can function in snowstorms, move through puddles of water, and withstand limited exposure to flames, with a payload capacity of up to 8 kg.
A recent study by MIT scholars reveals that retracted papers can have a significant impact on the field, causing a relative decline in citations and funding. The study highlights the need for scientists to describe the nature of each retraction in more detail, as well as the importance of separating scientific value from misconduct.
A new inherited neuromuscular disorder has been identified, resulting from a genetic mutation disrupting nerve-muscle communication. The condition affects multiple generations and is associated with mutations in the synaptotagmin 2 protein.
Scientists at Technical University of Munich created a simple cell model with a specific function using basic ingredients. The artificial cell can move and change shape without external influences, mimicking natural cell behavior.
The University of Houston is building a one-of-a-kind piece of equipment to further research on superconductivity and thermoelectricity, aiming to make these technologies more commercially viable. The $1.8 million project will help find materials with higher transition temperatures and lower costs.
A new minimally invasive technique using endoscopic biopsy of lymph nodes has been shown to be sensitive and accurate in staging non-small cell lung cancer. The approach avoids the need for surgical mediastinal staging, reducing complications and improving patient outcomes.
A recent MD Anderson study found that socio-economic barriers continue to preclude women from receiving breast-conserving therapy, despite overall rates improving. The study identified disparities related to insurance, income, and education, with significant disparities still existing in areas outside the medical field.
A study conducted by National Cancer Centre Singapore found that breast cancer surgery can be safely performed on women aged 80 and above. Most patients recovered without complications, while only 3% developed major complications. The results dispel the misconception that surgery is unsafe for elderly patients.
The international standards provide a common set of criteria for healthy growth, allowing for early detection of underweight and overweight babies. This enables targeted nutritional support and treatment to prevent infant mortality and long-term health problems.
Research found that cystic fibrosis patients have a deficiency in the immune system, specifically with HLA-DQ molecules on their cells. This deficiency affects the body's ability to fight off infections and is linked to the disease's progression.
Experts warn that dengue vaccines could lead to short-term spikes in disease incidence, but long-term vaccination will reduce overall infections. The issue arises from the natural fluctuations in mosquito populations and the imperfect vaccine protection.
Researchers from NC State University have developed a titania-based material that can effectively insulate superconducting magnets, allowing for the preservation of electrical pathways and efficient heat dissipation. This breakthrough has significant implications for next-generation power generation technologies and medical devices.
Researchers found that red-legged salamanders on trees had the same diet as those on the ground, contradicting the theory that climbing allows access to new food sources. The study suggests alternative explanations for salamander behavior, including competition and predator avoidance.
A study by Penn State researchers found that non-nutritive sweeteners are not as sweet as commonly believed, contrary to marketing claims. Participants could detect these sweeteners at lower levels but did not perceive them as sweeter than sugar.
A novel mutant mouse model, NRV2, has been developed to study retinal neovascularization, a condition characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. The researchers found that NRV2 mice show spontaneous retinal depigmentation and neovascularization, which mimic the early clinical stages of RAP disease in humans.
Researchers have found that magnetite nanocubes can form chiral helices when exposed to an external magnetic field. The helices are formed through a balance of competing forces, including the Zeeman force and dipole-dipole magnetic force.
Researchers found evidence of chemical weathering and soil formation at least 60 million years earlier than previously thought. This discovery suggests that oxygen-producing species existed on Earth 3 billion years ago, paving the way for complex life to evolve.
A new study from Rutgers University-Newark reveals that the ability to persist in the face of personal setbacks may depend on how the news is delivered. The study found that when individuals perceive a loss of control, activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is necessary to promote persistence.
Researchers used a powerful microscope to study the birth of crystals in real time, revealing that calcium carbonate forms into different minerals through various pathways. This discovery may help scientists understand how to lock carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and better reconstruct ancient climates.
The SUNY Research Foundation has been awarded a five-year, $8.2 million grant to support the Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center (DEARC) at Binghamton University. The center will focus on understanding the effects of prenatal and adolescent alcohol exposure on brain development.
Researchers developed a new method to detect malignant brain tumors using a handheld Raman scanner, which can identify cancerous cells with high accuracy. The technique has the potential to improve surgical outcomes and reduce tumor recurrence rates.
A study published in BioScience argues that the US Environmental Protection Agency's pesticide risk assessment practices are flawed, inviting bias towards industry interests. The agency's reliance on manufacturer-funded studies and rigid inclusion criteria may lead to incomplete assessments. The authors recommend improving the process ...
A new study by RAND Corporation reveals that lesbian, gay and bisexual women and men in England are more likely to suffer from poor health than the general population. They also experience unfavorable healthcare experiences, including negative interactions with primary care physicians and nurses.
Researchers have discovered a link between genetic factors and the development of early-onset ulcerative colitis. The study's findings suggest that phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) may play a role in helping the disease develop, and that altering the gut microbiome could be a key to prevention.
The Fraunhofer Institute is showcasing its Virtual Maritime Interior Configurator, a tool that enables realistic planning of ship interiors without physical mock-ups. The company is also introducing the Crew Compliance Organizer software to simplify crew management and reduce regulatory violations. Additionally, Fraunhofer will display...
Researchers sequenced five African cichlid fish genomes to understand the molecular basis of adaptation in vertebrates. They found a variety of genomic changes that enabled the fishes to thrive in new habitats and ecological niches.
Researchers found that transplanting B10 human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the bladder wall of mice with spinal cord injury improved bladder function by promoting the growth of smooth muscle cells. This study provides potential evidence for MSC-based cell transplantation as a novel therapeutic strategy for bladder d...
LSU Health New Orleans will enhance its cancer data on children and young adults by linkages with secondary data sets, providing a more robust research resource. The award aims to better understand why survival rates for adolescents and young adults have not improved over the last two decades.
Lithium-ion battery researchers observed the phenomenon of 'lithium plating' during charging, which can cause short-circuits and reduce battery performance. The study used neutron diffraction to investigate the mechanism at work, shedding light on how lithium plating occurs and potentially paving the way for faster-charging batteries.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that the current way of diagnosing type-2 diabetes using blood glucose levels needs to be revised. The researchers found changes in blood fat metabolites before glucose levels increased, indicating a potential alternative approach for diagnosis and treatment.
A seven-year research partnership aims to improve socioeconomic conditions for Aboriginal Peoples through greater involvement in education, health care, and sustainable development. The project also explores Aboriginal civil society, governance, and relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities.
A survey of over two million people found that lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals in England are more likely to experience poor health and negative interactions with the National Health Service. These individuals were also up to 50% more likely to report dissatisfaction with primary care services.
Researchers at Indiana University have isolated a process that damages the lungs of donors who suffered from traumatic brain injury, which may lead to improved lung transplant outcomes. The study found that fluid accumulation in the lungs occurs within hours after head trauma, limiting oxygenation and reducing lung function by nearly 80%.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that wind energy produced savings of between 25 and 45 euros per megawatt hour in the early stages of renewable energy integration. However, as the penetration of renewable energy grew exponentially from 2010 onwards, the regulatory costs rose excessively, imposing a positive net co...
The Pioneer Award recipients have made significant contributions to gene therapy for retinal degeneration. Their research has led to proof-of-concept studies demonstrating the feasibility of using gene therapy to repair photoreceptor defects in the eye.
Brightpoints provide a new way to track magnetic field evolution and material flow inside the sun. Researchers found that bands of these markers moved steadily toward the equator over time, along the same path as sunspots.
A prior OCD diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of developing schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders later in life. The children of parents diagnosed with OCD also show a heightened risk of developing schizophrenia and related disorders.
A new study from Washington State University found that estrogen levels significantly increase tolerance to THC in female rats, making them more vulnerable to negative side effects. The research suggests that women are at higher risk of experiencing anxiety, paranoia, and addiction when using cannabis.
Researchers have elucidated the atomic structures of sugar transporters, revealing an 'airlock-like' mechanism that moves sugars in multiple stages. This discovery is crucial for understanding diseases like diabetes and improving crop yields.
Researchers developed a novel computational model to capture the process of reaching consensus in social networks. The model analyzes communication patterns and handles uncertainties associated with soft data, establishing conditions for agents to reach a consensus that is consistent with the ground truth.
A study by Yanping Tu at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business found that people are more likely to start a job when it appears to be part of the present, rather than the future. This perception affects task initiation and completion rates.
A team of researchers at the University of Calgary has discovered a new mechanism that can reverse chronic pain conditions. They found that interfering with the communication between a specific enzyme and calcium channels in nerve cells can shut off pain signals.
Research from North Carolina State University reveals that home-cooked meals and family dinners can be stressful and impossible for many families due to financial limitations. The study found that middle-class and poor families face significant challenges in accessing healthy food, including transportation and kitchen tools.
A study found that bariatric surgical center accreditation significantly reduces in-hospital mortality rates among Medicare patients, from 0.56% to 0.23%. Accredited facilities also experienced a lower rate of serious complications, with a 59% decrease in mortality.
Researchers found that crowdsourcing openness makes it susceptible to malicious behavior, including sabotaging progress and submitting misinformation. The study published in Journal of the Royal Society Interface highlights the need for effective deterrents against attackers.
A study published in Epidemiology found that exposure to parabens and triclosan during pregnancy may hinder boys' growth, while bisphenol A was not associated with any significant impact. The research also suggested a link between parabens and increased weight at birth and three years old.
The researchers mapped the velocities of galaxies throughout our local universe to define the region where each supercluster dominates. The Milky Way resides in the outskirts of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is 500 million light-years in diameter and contains 100,000 galaxies.
A new study reveals that citizen science plays a crucial role in climate change research, with amateur data collectors contributing up to 77% of studies. The lack of recognition for this contribution can lead people to feel they have nothing to contribute to the scientific process.
Hansen's tree frog embryos hatch earlier after being preyed upon by katydids, responding to chemical cues. This flexible hatching behavior allows the frog an adaptive advantage, as it gives them time to escape into the next life-stage.
Researchers have identified the specific chromosomes where telomere-protecting RNAs (TERRAs) originate from. The study reveals that TERRAs exclusively come from chromosome 18 and to a lesser extent from chromosome 9. This discovery will help design tools to study their role in telomere biology and disease.
A new study led by University College London found that 40% of women with severe mental illness have suffered rape or attempted rape in adulthood, compared to 7% of the general population. Women with severe mental illness are also more likely to suffer domestic violence, with 69% reporting childhood abuse and 49% reporting adult abuse.
Researchers at Fraunhofer IFF are developing a digital fingerprint system for freight items to verify security status throughout the transport chain. This system aggregates features like 3D contours and RFID identifiers into one central profile, allowing for accurate information on security status.