In response to the growing opioid crisis, pharmacists in Massachusetts and Rhode Island are distributing naloxone rescue kits without a prescription, slowing epidemic rates. This pharmacy-based model is being evaluated at hundreds of pharmacies to determine its impact on overdose death rates.
A new Brown University study analyzed nursing home records to show that flu vaccinations significantly reduce deaths and hospitalizations among the elderly. The study found a 50-percentage point increase in match rate for A/H3N2 strain resulted in saving 2,560 lives and preventing 3,200 hospitalizations.
Researchers developed electronic triggers that analyzed patient data and flagged individuals at risk of delayed follow-up. The study found that triggered clinicians had more timely diagnostic evaluations for both prostate and colon cancer.
A study analyzing 10 childhood-onset autoimmune diseases found 22 genome-wide signals shared by two or more diseases, suggesting potential new targets for therapy. The research identified genes with biological relevance to specific diseases, offering opportunities for targeted treatment and repurposing existing drugs.
A new study by University of Washington sociologist Jennifer Laird finds that African-American workers disproportionately lost jobs in the public sector during the Great Recession, leading to widening racial disparities. Black civil servants, especially women, faced higher rates of unemployment than their white counterparts.
A special issue of Future Science OA examines nitric oxide's role in human biology, its challenges in quantification, delivery, and generation, as well as its applications in cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The publication aims to stimulate discussion and further research on harnessing NO's therapeutic potential.
The study assesses two methods for aging nestlings: one based on physical appearance changes and the other on folded wing length measurements. Accurate aging is essential for population dynamics and conservation planning. The researchers found that measuring folded wing length is more accurate than observing size and feathers changes.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University investigate the role of hydrolytic enzymes and metalloproteinases in making enterobacteria resistant to antibiotics. They find that these pathogens can cause severe diseases like meningitis, septicemia, and endocarditis, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
A recent study found that older adults who engage in moderate to vigorous physical activity have more variable brain activity at rest, which is associated with better cognitive performance. The research also revealed that physically fit individuals tend to have larger brain volumes and more intact white matter than their less-fit peers.
A new analysis found that patients taking certain heart medications to manage stress may have a longer survival time than those not taking these drugs. Nonselective beta blockers showed the most significant benefit in extending median survival time, particularly among patients with hypertension.
Research published in Injury Prevention found that men with a 'male discrepancy stress' - feeling they fall short of traditional male norms and worrying others think so too - are more likely to commit violent assaults. The study suggests substance use may be less relevant to demonstrating masculinity than sex and violence.
A new study published in Preventive Medicine found that individuals over 65 who have access to natural environments report better sleep quality. The research suggests that exposure to green spaces and natural amenities can improve sleep patterns, particularly for men.
A new research from North Carolina State University explores how security tools are used by software developers, finding that peer influence and corporate culture are key factors in adoption. The study also highlights limitations of current tools, including inaccurate notifications and lack of user-friendly interfaces.
A study by UC San Diego biologists found that black bears in Yosemite National Park primarily forage on plants and nuts, with acorns and pine nuts being their main food sources. The research also suggests that female bears tend to forage more heavily for high-fat seeds during reproduction.
Arizona State University's Decision Center for a Desert City will explore transformational changes to sustain water supplies in the Colorado River Basin region, enabling cities like Colorado, Nevada, and California to build capacity for sustainable water management. The four-year award brings total NSF investment to $18 million.
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission has detected heavy rainfall from Tropical Depression Kilo as it approaches Johnston Island. The tropical depression is expected to strengthen into a hurricane by Tuesday, bringing strong winds and large surf to the area.
A study at Mount Sinai Hospital found that antidepressants regulate chronic pain and depression through actions in the nucleus accumbens, a key brain reward center. The research discovered a gene (RGS9) controlling molecular adaptations for recovery from pain and depression.
A study of 515 premenopausal patients found that younger women with stage 0-III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer are less likely to initiate or continue tamoxifen treatment due to concerns about side effects and fertility, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Tropical Storm Atsani was elongated with powerful thunderstorms in its quadrants, but its eastern quadrant showed almost no activity. The storm's interaction with westerlies and impending drop in sea surface temperatures indicate it may transition to an extra-tropical storm.
A University of Maryland-led team has discovered an enzyme that breaks the signaling pathway of biofilms, a complex web of fibers that protects bacteria from threats. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments to prevent biofilm-related complications and reduce hospital equipment failures.
Children's hospitals have reduced CT scan usage for 10 common childhood diagnoses, opting for alternative imaging methods like ultrasound and MRI instead. This shift is attributed to growing evidence linking ionizing radiation from CT scans to increased cancer risk and the adoption of electronic health records.
A recent study found that labeling a child's symptoms as 'pink eye' can mislead parents into wanting antibiotics, even when they're not necessary. The study suggests that physicians should be aware of the effect of words on parents' expectations for treatment.
Researchers found that women in polygamous marriages were 1.3-2 times more likely to experience physical violence than those in monogamous marriages. Additionally, women with alcoholic husbands faced a higher risk of physical abuse, particularly in Ghana and Malawi.
A new study found that same-sex couples encounter more obstacles to infertility treatment, including psychological evaluations and high costs of treatments. The research highlights the need to recognize inequalities in the medicalization of infertility and its effects on marginalized groups.
Couples with more egalitarian childcare arrangements have better relationship quality and sex lives. Men taking on most childcare responsibilities do not negatively impact relationships, and female partners of men in these roles report the highest quality sex lives.
A new study published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience reports that repetitive sacral root magnetic stimulation (rSMS) can significantly reduce the frequency of nighttime bedwetting. The treatment also improved mental health scores, including social functioning, vitality, and mental health.
A comparative study of working mothers in four countries reveals that Sweden's gender equality policies provide the most support for balancing motherhood and employment. In contrast, U.S., German, and Italian women face significant challenges due to limited social welfare systems and cultural attitudes that undervalue unpaid work.
A research team combined high-resolution observations from Hinode and IRIS with numerical simulations to detect resonant absorption in a solar prominence. This process heats the prominence through turbulent flow, providing a solution to the long-standing coronal heating problem.
The shift to technified coffee production has worsened economic and ecological conditions for farmers in poor nations like Honduras, Colombia, and Vietnam, due to increased water usage and monoculture farming practices.
A study by King's College London found that one in five older people who drink alcohol consume it at unsafe levels, with median consumption being just 6 units per week. The research also revealed that men are more likely to be unsafe drinkers than women and those from higher socioeconomic status.
A new study found that the US had a disproportionate number of public mass shooters, with 31% of global incidents occurring on American soil. The study suggests that civilian firearm ownership rates are a strong predictor of a nation's number of public mass shooters.
Research by Georgia State University sociologists found that men sharing child-care duties lead to better relationships and sex lives, while women shouldering most responsibilities result in lower quality relationships. Couples with egalitarian arrangements reported equal levels of satisfaction with their sex lives.
A study by University of Connecticut researchers found that people's spiritual awareness varies throughout the day, with higher levels in the morning and during engaging activities. Spiritual awareness was lower during work-related tasks and watching TV.
A University of Kansas study found that American women use their book club memberships to increase their popularity in the dating field. They also utilize reading as a means to develop self, social capital, and construct their sexual identities. In contrast, Irish women do not find this relevance and join book clubs for different reasons.
A study by Danielle Bessett examines the impact of reality TV and fictional programs on pregnant women's perceptions of pregnancy and childbirth. The research reveals clear class differences in how women view television as a source of information, with more educated women downplaying its influence.
A recent study found that people shop at farmers markets and join food co-ops in record numbers due to the desire to know who grows their food. This trend is driven by the need to feel part of a community that shares their values, making supporting local food markets a form of civic duty.
A University of Iowa study reveals local food markets are rooted in relationships, values, and a sense of community. Consumers shop at farmers markets and join coops due to a desire to know the farmers behind their food, reflecting a commitment to healthy lifestyles and sustainable environments.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers reveals that unmarried women have high levels of gender linked fate, or the conviction that an individual's chances of success depend on the status of the group. This explains a significant amount of their political divergence from married women.
The Keystone XL Pipeline debate in Nebraska pitted economic benefits against environmental concerns, with supporters framing job creation as a key selling point. Rural landowners and farmers opposed the project due to fears of aquifer contamination, while proponents stressed national security and energy independence.
A new study finds that veterans tend to settle in neighborhoods with greater diversity than their civilian counterparts, suggesting a long-term impact on how people choose their neighborhoods. The research controlled for various factors and found that military service may contribute to more racially integrated communities.
A new study found that women are more likely to initiate divorces, but not non-marital breakups. Women initiated 69% of all divorces, while there was no significant difference in breakups initiated by unmarried women and men.
After strong earthquakes, landslides decrease due to an internal healing process of the landscape, returning to pre-earthquake levels in months to years. The destabilization caused by the quake gradually recovers as cracks close and are filled with sand and earth.
A new tropical depression formed in the Central Pacific Ocean on August 20, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing its infrared image on August 21. The system is moving northwards and is expected to curve northwest by August 22.
New research warns of growing air pollution over West Africa's cities, posing risks to human health, food security and regional climate. Scientists call for urgent data collection to improve models and predict future changes.
Research shows that male bluebirds change their songs to be heard over increased background noise caused by human activities such as traffic. The birds adjust their songs immediately after noise levels intensify, making real-time adjustments to produce louder and lower-pitched sounds.
A team of researchers at UMass Amherst has developed a way to use curved creases to give thin curved shells a fast, programmable snapping motion. This technique avoids the need for complicated materials and fabrication methods, enabling rapid shape changes in structures.
Most social surveys in the US conflate sex and gender, ignoring current gender theory and lived experiences. Researchers suggest changing binary categories, incorporating self-identified gender, and asking separate questions for sex at birth and current gender identity.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that graphene oxide exhibits remarkable plastic deformation before breaking, unlike its more perfect counterpart graphene. This unique property may unlock the secret to scaling up graphene oxide.
A study found that improving cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the risk of arrhythmia recurrence in obese atrial fibrillation patients. Patients with higher exercise capacity showed a significant reduction in arrhythmia risk, with 84% being free from arrhythmia after four years.
Researchers at University of Michigan examined two mindsets: fit theory and develop theory. They found that both are equally effective in achieving vocational well-being, with differing motivations. People with the fit theory prioritize initial enjoyment, while those with the develop theory focus on cultivating passion over time.
Scientists at Emory University School of Medicine found that alpha lipoic acid can stimulate telomerase, the enzyme that lengthens telomeres, with positive effects in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. The discovery highlights a potential avenue for treating chronic diseases.
During El Nino events, Indonesia experiences drier weather leading to an increase in forest fires on peat-rich land. These fires produce massive greenhouse gas emissions contributing to climate change.
Researchers at Northwestern University have successfully created a multiferroic material by sandwiching a polar metallic oxide between an insulating material. This breakthrough design strategy realizes elusive multiferroic properties, offering potential applications in low-power electronics, logic processing, and memory storage.
Researchers have created two simple diagnostic tools to assess dehydration severity in children, using symptoms such as general appearance and tear presence. The tools showed high accuracy rates of 83% and 81% for severe dehydration, and could potentially replace existing systems in resource-constrained clinics.
Three teams of undergraduate students won the National Institutes of Health's Design by Biomedical Undergraduate Teams (DEBUT) Challenge with projects focused on improving global health. The winners developed a portable HIV treatment monitor, a surgical clamp to treat drooping eyelids, and a low-cost patient monitor.
A recent study published in SLEEP reveals that African genetic ancestry is associated with lower slow-wave sleep amounts in African-American adults. The research found a significant genetic basis for racial differences in slow-wave sleep, which may lead to the development of population-specific treatment approaches.
Dr. Geronimo Luis Villanueva, a NASA Goddard scientist, has been awarded the 2015 Harold C. Urey Prize for his exceptional work in planetary research and spectroscopy. He is recognized for his contributions to understanding comets and Mars's atmosphere.
Hurricane Danny is a small Category 2 hurricane with hurricane-force winds extending only 15 miles from the eye. Satellite data indicates maximum sustained winds of near 105mph and an estimated minimum central pressure of 976 millibars.
Typhoon Atsani features a large 46 nautical-mile-wide eye captured by NASA's Aqua satellite. The storm is expected to transition to an extra-tropical system as it curves northeast, staying well south of Japan.
Researchers have discovered a chestnut leaf extract that blocks Staphlococcus aureus virulence and pathogenesis without detectable resistance. The extract, rich in ursene and oleanene derivatives, shuts down the ability of the bacteria to create toxins by taking away its weapons.