Researchers at ETH Zurich improve nanoscale component simulations using the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility's Cray XK7 Titan supercomputer. The team achieves significant reductions in simulation time, enabling accurate modeling of 10,000 atoms and paving the way for next-generation hardware development.
GPM captured Hurricane Jimena's intense eyewall, with the heaviest rainfall occurring on its northern and eastern sides. The storm maintained a strong system despite an eroded southern half of the eyewall.
Duke University researchers successfully treated an adult mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy using CRISPR gene editing. The treatment involved delivering the gene-editing system directly to the affected tissues through a non-pathogenic carrier called adeno-associated virus, overcoming several delivery challenges.
Researchers have identified saffron-based 'crocin' as a potential therapeutic agent against liver cancer, leveraging preclinical studies and network analyses. Crocin's mechanism involves regulating NF-kB, a key hub in liver cancer development, suggesting it as a promising target for early lesion prevention.
Tropical Cyclone Ula formed on Dec 30 and intensified with rain rates exceeding 83.6 mm per hour, generating rough surf and dangerous coastal conditions for Fiji and American Samoa.
Researchers developed a method to create ceramic materials using 3D printing with minimal cracking, enabling complex shapes and high temperatures. The resulting silicon carbide material can withstand 1,400°C temperatures without cracking, making it suitable for hypersonic vehicles and jet engines.
A new study by Sylvester researchers describes the immune system's response to tumor development, highlighting the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway's potential suppression of colorectal cancer. Impaired STING responses may enable damaged cells to evade the immune system.
Research reveals that a father's diet can impact the RNA of his sperm, which in turn can affect gene regulation in offspring. Studies found that high-fat diets and low-protein diets can lead to changes in specific small RNAs, including tRNA-Gly-GCC, which suppresses genes related to metabolic disorders.
Researchers developed new vaccine strains that are effective, stable, and non-infectious, addressing concerns about live virus escape and disease transmission. The new strains are suitable for mass production in the post-eradication world, reducing risk to humans and environment.
Researchers at Boston College have developed a new type of cross coupling chemical reaction using a third reactant, expanding on the pioneering Suzuki-Miyaura coupling method. The resulting 'conjunctive' reaction takes place efficiently and offers high selectivity.
Scientists used compounds to alter epigenetic marks in ant colonies, demonstrating lasting effects on behavior. Epigenetic modifications, such as histone acetylation, influenced caste-based systems and worker responsibilities.
Researchers used game theory to model the dynamics of farmer decisions and their effects on pest populations. The study found that farmers' perceptions of profit and loss, as well as communication networks, can influence pest control strategies.
Researchers found that compounds blocking histone deacetylases activated genes making one ant worker behave like another without changing their instructions. This study may provide insights into mechanisms behind behavioral disorders.
A new study reveals that random mutations can give rise to novel genes, leading to the evolution of new molecular functions. The researchers identified thousands of human-specific genes and found that certain macaque genome elements are less present than expected.
Researchers from Human Computation Institute and Cornell University propose a new vision of human computation that combines human and computer intelligence to solve complex, interconnected problems. This approach enables the construction of flexible collaborative environments that can address challenging issues.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a debilitating genetic disease. By deleting exon 23 and restoring dystrophin protein levels, the therapy improved muscle function in mice with DMD, including cardiac and pulmonary health.
Scientists at UT Southwestern Medical Center successfully stopped the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in young mice using a gene-editing technique. The treatment, delivered via adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9), corrected the genetic mutation that causes the disease and led to improved muscle structure and function.
Researchers found that areas with high poverty levels were more likely associated with high Ebola transmission and spread. In contrast, lower socioeconomic status communities had a higher number of personal contacts, increasing the likelihood of transmission.
Dr. Christoph Aeppli and colleagues studied how petroleum released during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill transformed in the environment over six years, finding novel compounds with potential toxic effects on marine organisms.
A Penn-led team has discovered that caste-specific behaviors in ant colonies can be directly altered by changing the balance of epigenetic chemicals. The study found that compounds inhibiting histone acetylation increased foraging behavior in minors, while injecting these inhibitors into young major ants also boosted foraging activity.
Researchers created a new way to coat solid electrolyte around electrodes, solving problems of gasification and poor permeability. The breakthrough enables high-ion conductivity and air stability in all-solid-state lithium batteries.
Tropical Depression 9C formed in the Central Pacific on Dec. 31, with an elongated structure suggesting a weaker system. The depression is moving northwest at 3 mph, with little change in intensity expected due to strong easterly wind shear.
Scientists at IBS Center for RNA Research have elucidated the three-dimensional image of DROSHA, one part of the Microprocessor complex. This discovery confirms previous findings and reveals unique physical characteristics of DROSHA, including a 'bump' that may act as a measuring guide for cleaving pri-miRNA.
A study found that taking high-dose vitamin D3 supplements can reduce the percentage of T cells related to MS activity, leading to a decrease in interleukin 17 levels. The results suggest that vitamin D may be an inexpensive, safe, and convenient treatment option for people with multiple sclerosis.
A fully renewable energy system is achievable and economically viable for Russia and Central Asia by 2030, with costs comparable to European nuclear technology or carbon capture and storage. The region can expect a 20% reduction in electricity costs through integrated energy sectors.
Roger D. Borcherdt receives the 2016 Bruce A. Bolt Medal for his exceptional contributions to seismology and engineering seismology, including pioneering site-response studies and theoretical solutions for wave propagation problems.
Increasing US LNG exports will allow domestic natural-gas-intensive industries to remain competitive globally. The study found that LNG exports are associated with a net increase in domestic natural gas production, and their impact on the macroeconomy is marginally positive.
A new study found that out-of-hospital births in Oregon were associated with a higher risk of perinatal death, while in-hospital births were linked to increased cesarean deliveries and other obstetric interventions. However, the overall risk for perinatal death was low in all settings.
A novel PET/CT imaging method has been shown to accurately measure HER2 expression in metastatic breast cancer, potentially leading to more optimal individualized treatments. This non-invasive technique may one day substitute traditional tissue sampling.
Researchers have identified a specific weakness in the immune system of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, which may be corrected with a HER2-targeted vaccine. T cells from patients with recurrent cancer showed weaker response to the HER2 receptor protein compared to those without recurrence.
New research shows that groundwater beneath northern Iceland may hold the key to predicting future earthquakes, while parts of the Sierra Nevada Mountains are more susceptible to droughts than previously thought. Additionally, researchers have a plan to recharge California's dwindling aquifers using storm runoff.
NASA's GOES-West satellite captured a consolidating storm in the Southern Pacific Ocean as System 92P on Dec 29, 2015. The low-pressure area organized and was designated Tropical Cyclone Ula on Dec 30, 2015, near American Samoa.
Researchers at MUSC are exploring a new treatment for chronic pancreatitis using Alpha 1 anti-trypsin (AAT), which has shown promise in preventing diabetes and improving liver implantation. The study aims to examine the effects of AAT on human islets in patients with pancreatic cancer.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that virtual colonoscopy had higher detection rates than traditional methods like FIT and OC. The researchers concluded that combination of lower attendance and higher detection rate makes CTC a key factor for optimization of its role in population screening.
A new grant proposal by Prof. Dr. Stefan Wagner proposes novel tools to analyze software manually and automatically during creation, providing contextual and focused feedback to developers. The approach aims to detect potential quality problems early on, reducing the risk of defects.
A study by LA BioMed suggests that involving parents in violence prevention programs and tailoring them to specific racial/ethnic groups can improve their effectiveness. The research found that Latino parents condoned fighting only as a last resort, while African American parents sometimes saw it as necessary.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that long travel distances continue to be a significant barrier to breast reconstruction after mastectomy for US women. Reconstruction rates varied by type of hospital and distance traveled, with greater disparities observed at academic hospitals and high-volume centers.
Research found that eating moderately hungry reduces blood glucose levels after meals, whereas eating when not hungry may be detrimental to health. This study suggests that individuals should listen to their hunger cues and eat when they're truly hungry rather than relying on convenience foods.
Researchers found that high doses of vitamin D3 supplements reduced inflammation and disease activity in people with relapsing-remitting MS. The study suggests vitamin D may be a potential treatment option for managing MS symptoms.
NASA analyzed rainfall totals in Paraguay and found the highest amounts occurred northeast of Asuncion, with over 400 mm recorded in central and southern parts. The strong El Niño phenomenon is believed to be the cause of the heavy flooding, affecting over 150,000 people across Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Researchers developed a new method to test Einstein's General Relativity using brief blasts of rare radio signals from space called Fast Radio Bursts. This method is considered a significant tribute to Einstein on the 100th anniversary of his first formulation of the Equivalence Principle.
A study found that combining botulinum toxin with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers reduces degradation and increases remaining volume, leading to longer-lasting cosmetic improvements. Chemodenervation using Botox results in a 42% decrease in degradation rate and a 50% increase in HA filler volume at three months.
Scientists recorded 3-D footage of neural activity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a worm species with a nervous system containing just 302 neurons. The study revealed surprising correlations between neural activity and behavior, including turning movements.
Thirdhand smoke is a persistent and hazardous environmental contaminant left behind by smoking. Researchers at San Diego State University are studying its spread and effects on human health, with a focus on vulnerable populations like young children and those with compromised immune systems. The team has found links between thirdhand s...
A cell-free protein synthesis system developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory uses microfabricated bioreactors to produce therapeutic proteins for medicines and biopharmaceuticals. This technology simplifies the process, lowers cost, and enables point-of-care use.
A study analyzed 787 phase II/III clinical trials sponsored by the National Clinical Trials Network, finding that increased competition, planning to enroll a larger proportion of the available population, and lack of new agents were associated with poor accrual. The researchers developed a multivariable prediction model to identify tri...
Researchers create novel VTD mechanism for conventional propeller engine UAVs, allowing redirection of thrust to improve maneuverability. The proposed technique demonstrates improved performance in plateau missions with enhanced stability and control.
A Temple University study found that an opioid prescribing guideline significantly decreased prescription rates for minor conditions and chronic noncancer pain in acute care settings. The guideline was implemented in January 2013 and resulted in a high degree of statistical significance across all age groups and complaint categories.
The new oral drug Palbociclib has shown promise in combating various types of cancer beyond breast cancer, including lymphoma, sarcoma, and teratoma. Early trials have demonstrated its effectiveness in slowing tumor growth and improving survival rates in patients with these conditions.
The discovery of ancient tortoise and turtle fossils in the Andes Mountains suggests that the region was less than a kilometer above sea level 13 million years ago. The findings support alternative estimates to a recent study and provide insights into climate change caused by rising mountains.
A study found that plain packaging decreased overall perceptions of healthier tobacco brands by 12%, as well as reduced prestige perceptions among young Indigenous smokers. The findings support the effectiveness of health warnings in reducing global tobacco use, particularly among vulnerable populations.
The NASA GPM mission analyzed extreme weather in the US from December 2015, detecting heavy rainfall, tornado outbreaks, and record-breaking flooding. The analysis revealed a line of tornadic thunderstorms moving through the Midwest, generating two tornadoes and 14 deaths.
Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) technology is not feasible due to biofouling, which clogs membrane structures and feed channels. Researchers found that organic matter and bacteria in wastewater streams result in extreme biofouling development.
A study found that adolescents discharged from hospitals in England after an admission for violent, drug- or alcohol-related, or self-inflicted injuries have a higher risk of subsequent death and emergency re-admission up to a decade later. The risks were highest in 18-19 year olds with chronic conditions or living in deprived areas.
The Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering will receive funding to support research on implantable devices that promote brain plasticity and reanimate paralyzed limbs. The goal is to achieve proof-of-concept demonstrations in humans within five years, laying the groundwork for eventual clinical devices approved by the FDA.
Researchers have created a new type of membrane that can efficiently convert chemical reactions into electrical current, potentially revolutionizing the fuel cell industry. The development has the potential to replace internal combustion engines and reduce harmful emissions.
Scientists at the University of Minnesota and BioNano Genomics have developed a new method to analyze DNA sequences in nanochannels, enabling more accurate genome mapping. By analyzing the probability distributions of DNA barcode label separations, researchers can identify structural oddities and improve the accuracy of genome maps.
A study using mobile health technology has shown that patients taking kidney transplants can improve their medication adherence and blood pressure levels, leading to better patient outcomes. The innovative approach aims to reduce premature graft loss by providing personalized computer-automated monitoring systems.
A team of researchers developed a new imaging approach that provides images of a single cell with micrometer resolution using a contrast based on the cell's thermal properties. This technique allows for unprecedented sensitivity in detecting diseased conditions at the sub-cell scale and may aid in optimizing cryopreservation processes.
Clinical research experts discuss various topics, including the impact of personalized genomic data on healthcare systems, strategies to combat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and population approaches to reduce diabetes incidence. They also highlight the need for improved cancer diagnosis and treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.