Researchers found that gout medications targeting uric acid and adenosine triphosphate can protect against alcohol-induced liver damage and inflammation. These findings suggest clinical trials for humans with alcoholic liver disease should be considered to prevent or treat acute episodes of alcoholic hepatitis.
The book reviews up-to-date accounts promoting energy access in remote areas, covering scientific and technological advances and enabling factors for sustainable development. Experts discuss the importance of coordinated action from governments, private investors, and development funders to achieve sustainable energy for all by 2030.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University discovered a way to predict emerging structures and bulk properties of new materials by analyzing attractive and repulsive forces between molecules. This discovery allows experimentalists to bypass complex calculations and predict material properties using minimal information.
Scientists observe a Many-Body Localized state in ultracold atoms trapped in light crystals, where interactions fail to lead to thermalization. This peculiar insulating state retains a quantum memory of its initial state, even at elevated temperatures.
The University of Texas at Arlington College of Nursing and Health Innovation has been designated a Center of Excellence by the National League for Nursing. The college demonstrated sustained innovation in student learning and professional development, and its research on effectiveness will be monitored through 2019.
A new study finds that perfectionistic concerns can lead to stress, burnout, and health problems. In contrast, perfectionistic strivings, which involve setting high standards and working towards goals, may help maintain a sense of accomplishment and delay burnout.
Climate change is affecting UK's blanket bogs, impacting rare upland bird species like dunlin, golden plover, and red grouse. The loss of crane fly prey due to summer droughts could lead to a 50% decline in dunlin numbers, 30% in golden plover, and 15% in red grouse by 2051-80.
The project aims to educate 1,100 health care students and providers on a team-approach to care for older adults, targeting underserved areas in Missouri. With the growing elderly population, the initiative seeks to increase primary care providers by 34 percent to meet their complex healthcare needs.
A new technology developed by UC Berkeley researchers uses light to accelerate the heating and cooling of genetic samples, greatly expanding clinical and research applications. Results can now be obtained in minutes instead of hours, revolutionizing DNA diagnostics.
A study found that Twitter's trending topics often don't reach traditional news media, perpetuating socioeconomic and cultural biases. In four countries, over half of trending topics were reported first on Twitter, while less than 10% appeared in mainstream newspapers.
A team of researchers, led by Joshua Tasoff, used economic principles to study the behavior of Escherichia coli cells. The study found that as trade increased, bacterial communities grew faster, but at a cost: exporting microbes slowed their own growth.
Women who participated in exercise as adolescents had a reduced risk of death from cancer and all causes in their middle and older ages. Exercise participation was also associated with lower mortality risks for cardiovascular disease. The study found that women who engaged in team sports or regular exercise during adolescence had a 14-...
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School developed a computer model that can predict flu outbreaks in subtropical climates like Hong Kong with high accuracy. The system forecasted peak timing and magnitude for 44 epidemics caused by specific influenza strains, including seasonal and pandemic outbreaks.
A deadly fungus identified in 2013 poses a significant threat to North American salamander populations. Scientists are urging the U.S. government to implement an immediate ban on live salamander imports to prevent the spread of the fatal Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) fungus.
An international team of scientists developed a robotic insect that can jump on water using the natural mechanics of water striders. The robot exerts up to 16 times its own body weight on the water's surface, mimicking the insects' ability to perform extreme maneuvers like jumping and flying with ease.
Researchers created a robot that mimics the jumping ability of water striders by controlling the acceleration of its legs. The robot uses a torque reversal catapult mechanism to generate force without exceeding the maximum force that water surface tension can withstand.
Scientists from HKUST and Tsinghua University solved the structure of the MCM2-7 Complex using Cryo Electron Microscopy. The complex plays a key role in destabilizing and unwinding duplex DNA during DNA replication. The team's findings provide new insights into the mechanism and function of the MCM2-7 complex.
The study found that mixed reviews are a double-edged sword, hurt or helping product sales depending on critic reviews. Retailers can capitalize on review variability by promoting quality signifiers and understanding niche user needs.
The amfAR report identifies key indicators and recommendations for policymakers and community stakeholders to improve HIV prevention and care outcomes in states. The report urges states to target resources to key populations, remove barriers to access, and modernize laws related to HIV exposure.
A team of ants uses a balance between individual direction and conformist behavior to move food towards their nest, making adjustments as needed. This cooperative behavior enables the group to optimize their movement, with well-informed individuals steering the load.
The 'golden jackals' of East Africa and Eurasia are two separate species, with the latter being a new species, African golden wolf, that has a distribution across North and East Africa. Genetic data shows they have been evolving independently for at least a million years.
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis researchers led by Jesse Stewart are conducting a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of depression treatment on heart attack risk. The study aims to confirm that treating depression is cardioprotective, lowering cardiovascular disease risk.
The newly developed OLe peanut variety boasts a longer shelf life due to its higher oleic acid content, reducing the risk of rancidity by up to 10 times. This increase in disease resistance also makes it an attractive option for farmers, who can save up to $150/acre on fungicide usage and experience improved yields.
Researchers discover a single molecule, C/EBPa, can transform a B cell into a macrophage by 'short-circuiting' gene expression. This process involves the convergence of two DNA enhancer pathways, allowing for unnatural transdifferentiation. The findings have significant implications for regenerative medicine and cancer treatment.
A team of researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology has identified LEF-1 and TCF-1 as master regulators that control the fate of T follicular helper cells. These transcription factors pre-program CD4+ T cells to respond to TFH induction signals, making them crucial for inducing a strong and lasting antibody response.
Research shows racial segregation is manifesting in different ways, including increasing macro-segregation between suburbs and cities. Segregation is still high in America, with whites leaving urban areas for suburban communities, leading to increased racial homogeneity.
A study led by Dr Seishi Shimizu shows that sugar affects the taste of hot beverages by interacting with caffeine molecules at a molecular level. The research found that sugar molecules bind to water, reducing the aggregation of caffeine molecules and resulting in less bitterness.
Researchers have found two combination treatments that effectively reactivated latent HIV in cells, providing novel opportunities for advancing HIV eradication strategies. Ingenol-3-angelate and PEP005, combined with JQ1, showed a 7.5-fold increase in viral reactivation compared to PEP005 alone.
Scientists from NOAA Fisheries and the Vancouver Aquarium used a hexacopter UAV to take straight-down photos of Northern resident killer whales, a threatened population in British Columbia. The aerial images allow for precise measurements of body condition, feeding habits, and growth patterns.
Researchers found that coadministering statins with ezetimibe significantly reduced LDL cholesterol levels and plaque buildup in heart disease patients. The study showed a 40% lower cholesterol level and greater plaque regression compared to single-drug therapies.
A unanimous international consensus reached by 26 scientists recommends specific measures for the responsible conduct of gene drive research. The group calls for all researchers to use multiple confinement strategies to prevent accidental alteration of wild populations.
The study found that ISUIA and PHASES scores may not accurately predict rupture risk, highlighting the need for further research into their effectiveness. The findings suggest that more than 70% of ruptured aneurysms were smaller than 7mm in diameter, regardless of location.
The US Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory has found that butanol can be used as a safe and effective alternative fuel for recreational boats. This new blend, which includes 16% butanol, was demonstrated to outperform ethanol at 10% in terms of performance, efficiency, and emissions.
Researchers created a high-performance transistor using black phosphorus, which can operate as both n-type and p-type materials without extrinsic doping. This could lead to thinner, more efficient alternative to silicon chips in electrical devices.
Researchers found reduced tree stem growth after severe drought, contrasting with climate models that assume quick recovery. This study suggests reevaluation of climate-vegetation models to accurately capture drought impacts on the global carbon cycle.
A recent study suggests that positive reinforcement drives improved performance in children with ADHD on certain cognitive tasks. The research, conducted by University at Buffalo researchers, reveals that motivation, not lower-than-average cognitive abilities, plays a crucial role in the diagnosis.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway that tumor suppressor protein p53 uses to induce apoptosis and kill cancer cells. The process involves a shape change in one of p53's amino acids, which activates the BAX protein and triggers cell death.
A new digital method developed by Dr. Giuseppe Montesanto allows for the creation of detailed and accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy, making it easier and faster to describe new species. The method uses bitmap graphics with GIMP and produces realistic ink-made drawings.
Researchers found that electrochemical disinfection creates numerous 'disinfection by-products', which can have unknown environmental impacts. Alternative methods like filtration or adsorption are recommended to prevent the transfer of harmful organisms.
Scientists at MIT discovered that non-wetting surfaces promote chemical reaction rates, while hydrophilic surfaces inhibit them. This finding enables researchers to predict a material's suitability as a catalyst based on its wettability.
The University of Chicago Medicine has contributed to the Illinois Transplant Fund, providing financial assistance for organ transplants to qualified uninsured residents. The fund, launched by the ITF, offers insurance premium support and financial help to patients in need.
A new study found that depressed female patients have abnormally high expression levels of genes regulating the glutamate system, which may contribute to their increased suicidal risk. The research suggests that drugs targeting this system, such as ketamine, could provide rapid relief from depression and potentially save lives.
Researchers discovered noncanonical genomic imprinting in mice brains, affecting serotonin and dopamine production. The study highlights a targeted form of genetic control that can influence offspring behavior and may contribute to brain disorders like autism.
Researchers have successfully created functional liver cells from human embryonic and genetic engineered stem cells. The new method enables unlimited production of liver cells with high accuracy, revolutionizing pharmaceutical drug discovery and potentially improving treatment outcomes.
A new study from the University of East Anglia recommends that China prioritize non-coal fuels like nuclear power and natural gas to improve electricity supply security while reducing carbon emissions. The country's largest coal importer, China needs to reduce its dependence on coal to achieve long-term energy security.
A recent study by Boston University School of Medicine researchers found that liver activation is essential for maintaining adequate immune responses in the lungs against bacterial pneumonia. The study used a model system to demonstrate how a lack of liver response increases susceptibility to pneumonia.
A study by Dr. Ivan Tuf's team found that Common rough woodlice exhibit individual patterns of defensive behavior, suggesting the presence of personality traits. The researchers observed repeatability in reactions to external impacts, identifying some woodlices as 'bold' and others as 'shy'.
The study found that persistent HPV16 DNA detection after treatment was associated with worse disease-free survival and overall survival. This could be a useful tool for long-term tumor surveillance, potentially reducing the need for costly imaging and intensifying visits.
A new study from Lund University in Sweden found that nearly all adolescents who underwent gastric bypass surgery experienced improved mental health two years post-op. However, 13% showed severe depression and 20% did not feel better mentally after weight loss.
Forest trees take an average of two to four years to recover from droughts, with growth rates slower than expected during the recovery period. The study suggests that Earth's forests can store less carbon than previously calculated, which could lead to a speed-up in climate change.
A new study published in PLOS Computational Biology has developed a flu forecasting system that can predict the timing and intensity of influenza outbreaks in subtropical climates. The system was able to forecast peak timing and magnitude for 44 epidemics in 16 years, with an accuracy rate of 93%.
A team of scientists has identified potential probiotics for frogs to combat the devastating chytrid fungus. The researchers found dominant bacterial species that may provide disease resistance and antifungal properties to their host. This discovery holds promise for protecting vulnerable amphibian populations worldwide.
A licensed technology measures anti-HLA antibody secretion from memory B cells, improving kidney transplant efficiency and preventing rejection. Researchers found high-risk patients using this technique, which complements existing antibody measurement methods.
Researchers found that patients with pharmacist-included care teams had better blood pressure control results than those without, with a systolic blood pressure drop of 6.1 mmHg after nine months.
A new study reveals that a shorter form of the brain protein beta amyloid can bind to copper safely, potentially offering a protective role against Alzheimer's disease. This discovery challenges the long-held copper hypothesis and may lead to new therapies targeting the condition.
Researchers developed a non-invasive strategy to deliver electrical stimulation to the spinal cord, enabling paralyzed individuals to move their legs voluntarily. The study shows significant progress towards developing a therapy for wide range of individuals with spinal cord injury.
A team led by Stanford electrical engineer Krishna Shenoy has developed a technique to make brain-controlled prostheses more precise, enabling people with spinal cord injuries to tap out commands with greater accuracy. The new approach continuously corrects brain readings to give users a more natural way to interact with devices.
The Integrated Photonics Institute for Manufacturing Innovation aims to stimulate new investment and industrial growth based on photonics technology. UC Davis' Center for Nano and Micro Manufacturing will play a major role in the West Coast hub of the institute.
Replacing time spent sitting with standing can lower blood sugar and cholesterol levels, according to a new study. Standing for two hours a day was associated with improved waist circumference and reduced risk of metabolic disorders.
A new approach to breast cancer surgery and reconstruction combines nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate single-stage implant (SSI) breast reconstruction. This combined procedure, also known as the 'one and done' approach, offers important psychological benefits for patients, including an immediate return to normal body image.