Researchers have created a genetically engineered pig model that allows them to induce the development of human-like tumors, reflecting gene pathways and mutations most often observed in human cancer. The 'oncopig' model holds great promise for early detection and treatment of cancers such as pancreatic, liver, lung, and bladder cancers.
The New Jersey Institute of Technology has received a $2.9 million federal grant to develop and manage an accurate Master Person Index for secure healthcare data exchange. This platform will enable seamless sharing of patient records among providers, enhancing patient care in the state.
A study found that simulated seawater flooding significantly reduced growth of sensitive vegetable seedlings. Salt-tolerant varieties like spinach, eggplant, and tomato showed less damage, with some experiencing a 43-67% reduction in photosynthetic rate after two weeks.
Researchers have demonstrated a direct connection between two signaling proteins (NOX1 and NOX4) and liver fibrosis, a scarring process underlying chronic liver disease. The study adds credence to a pharmaceutical effort to create new treatments for diabetic nephropathy, liver fibrosis, and other progressive fibrotic diseases.
A study found that medical students who visited an art museum with people with dementia showed improved attitudes towards the disease. The experience helped students understand how patients and caregivers maintain relationships despite diagnosis.
Researchers at the University of York have revealed a new understanding of nucleosynthesis in stars, providing insight into massive star evolution and the origins of the Solar System. By studying radioactive aluminium production, scientists can now better understand gamma radiation maps of the galaxy and simulate star behavior.
A recent report by the King's Fund shows that increasing day surgery has led to improved patient outcomes and reduced NHS expenditure. By 2013, day case activity had increased from 7% in 1974 to nearly 35%, saving an estimated £2bn for the NHS.
Researchers from Singapore developed an adjustable-focus endoscope that reduces colonoscopy discomfort by using a solid electrically-tunable lens system. The device is more compact and durable than existing high-magnification endoscopes, and could enable full-fledged optical zooming capabilities.
A new computer-based system provides rapid, real-time feedback during facial transplant surgery, potentially improving face-jaw-teeth alignment and reducing residual deformities. The CAPE platform uses CT scans to match donor anatomy with recipient anatomy, providing unprecedented visual data for surgeons.
A new method for producing high-quality yarn from gelatine has been developed by Philipp Stössel and his team. The process involves spinning the protein-rich material into fine fibers that can be woven into textiles with improved insulation and water resistance compared to traditional wool-based fabrics.
Researchers create high-performing single-molecule diode by controlling electrostatic environment, increasing rectification ratio to 200, and enabling faster electronics. The breakthrough enables new routes to charge and energy flow at the nanoscale.
A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found that socially integrated women had a lower risk for suicide compared to those who were less integrated. The research, which analyzed data from 72,607 nurses, also revealed that increasing social integration was associated with a lower risk for suicide.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that individuals with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis are twice as likely to develop generalized anxiety disorders. Women with IBD have four times the odds of anxiety compared to men, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Researchers have discovered that plants bind GABA in a similar way to animals, resulting in electrical signals that regulate plant growth when exposed to stressful environments. This finding opens up new possibilities for breeding more stress resilient crops to fight food insecurity.
Researchers at Duke University have discovered the role of HipA in recurring urinary tract infections, finding that mutant versions of the protein can cause multidrug tolerance by putting bacterial cells into dormancy. The study provides a new method for combating drug-tolerant infections.
Researchers found that supplemental lighting with red and blue LEDs can increase anthocyanin synthesis and pigmentation of lettuce crops, leading to improved color and increased market value. This cost-effective practice allows growers to manipulate leaf color in 5-7 days without negatively affecting growth or morphology.
Scientists discovered that the brain chemical GABA acts as a 'brake' to regulate wakefulness and sleep, leading to hyperactivity in mice without GABA. The study has implications for developing new drugs to promote better sleep and treat conditions like mania and bipolar disorder.
A clinical trial found that telephone counseling led to significant A1c level reductions among participants with extremely elevated levels. The intervention resulted in an average decrease of 2.1 percentage points, compared to a 1.3 percentage point decrease for those receiving printed self-management materials only.
Researchers developed a simple electrochemical approach to create intentionally defective graphene, altering its properties. By varying voltage, they controlled the thickness, flake area, and number of defects in graphene.
Researchers found that scavengers have more acidic stomachs to filter out harmful microbes. This discovery raises questions about the human stomach's role in influencing gut microbes and its potential impact on human health.
The Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission is gathering data on magnetic reconnection, a phenomenon that happens when the Earth's magnetic field connects and disconnects from the solar wind. The tetrahedral formation of MMS spacecraft allows scientists to study this process in three dimensions.
A team of international scientists decoded the molecular characteristics of a fatal subtype of leukemia in children, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches. The study identified genetic aberrations and altered gene expression programs that lead to tumorigenesis, providing potential druggable targets.
A proof-of-concept study at Johns Hopkins Medicine shows that drone transport of blood samples has no effect on common lab tests. The successful transportation of sensitive biological samples via hobby-sized drones holds promise for improving healthcare access in remote areas.
Student teams at Stanford University have won grants to develop and commercialize innovative energy technologies, including a miniature ultrasound sensor for windmill blades that can detect potential failures. The projects aim to reduce costs and improve efficiency in clean energy sectors, with the goal of creating sustainable entrepre...
A study of over 5,700 young Swiss men found that stricter alcohol laws, such as minimum legal drinking age and advertising restrictions, lead to lower rates of hazardous drinking. However, these measures had limited impact on individuals with a high risk of substance abuse due to their personality or antisocial behavior.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found that aminoglycoside antibiotics increase susceptibility to hearing impairment due to inflammation from bacterial infections. The study suggests that targeted alternatives are needed to treat life-threatening infections without sacrificing patients' ability to hear.
Researchers created a new rice strain, SUSIBA2, by introducing a single gene from barley, resulting in high starch content and near elimination of methane emissions. This discovery has significant implications for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing food security.
Astronomers have discovered a powerful aurora on a brown dwarf, 10,000 times more powerful than any seen before. The discovery reveals a major difference in magnetic activity between low-mass stars and planets.
New research published in Science Translational Medicine found that smaller doses of resveratrol are more effective in preventing bowel cancer in mice than high doses. The study showed a 50% reduction in tumour size with lower doses compared to a 25% reduction with higher doses.
Researchers at NYU's Bluestone Center are working on a novel non-viral gene delivery method to treat oral cancer pain, which is consistently ranked as one of the most painful cancers. The method aims to reverse epigenetic changes using gene therapy and selectively disrupt nociceptive signaling with limited off-target effects.
Researchers found that American grapes have low levels of metabolites crucial to fine wine, but are high in anti-fungal compounds. The study suggests using chemical profiling to design a better grape breed for the wine industry.
Researchers used virtual reality to test roadside animal detection systems and found that picture-based warning signs outperformed text-based ones. Drivers who received warnings reduced their speed and braking time in response to a simulated wild animal on the road.
Researchers have identified five distinct types of prostate cancer with unique genetic fingerprints, which could help doctors predict the aggressiveness of tumors and choose the best course of treatment. This breakthrough discovery has important implications for how prostate cancer is diagnosed and treated in the future.
Gerhard Wanner has been awarded the SIAM's George Pólya Prize for Mathematical Exposition, recognized for his effective communication of deep mathematics in books on numerical ODEs and geometric integration. He received the prize for his cumulative impact on teaching and understanding analysis and geometry.
A new elective course helps medical students recognize and overcome biases related to health disparities. Through role-playing and skills training, students increase their knowledge and self-reported confidence in addressing these issues.
Researchers from UC Davis and University of Guam studied monarch butterflies on Guam to understand their migration patterns and impact of pesticides. The study found that the lack of pesticide use on the island has led to an increase in milkweed population, which is essential for the monarchs' survival.
The UT Arlington Interdisciplinary Research Program has awarded five collaborative research projects, exploring topics such as pain management, personal security, and climate change. The program aims to enhance interdisciplinary research and advance the university's competitive position nationally.
Researchers identified a link between cognitive deficits and lesions in areas processing emotions, suggesting a third category of knowledge representation for social groups. This discovery highlights the close relationship between social relations and emotional processing in the human brain.
Researchers have developed micelle sequestrant polymers that capture fat particles in the intestines, preventing their absorption and excretion. This breakthrough could lead to a safe and effective anti-obesity drug with long-term benefits.
Researchers have detected lithium in material ejected by a nova, resolving a long-standing puzzle about its abundance in young stars. The finding sheds light on the chemical evolution of the Milky Way and could inform models of the Big Bang.
A breakthrough discovery has been made in developing a vaccine for middle ear infections by identifying the molecular switch that controls a 'chameleon' bacteria. Researchers have found that this switch allows Haemophilus influenzae to adapt and evade the immune system, making it difficult to develop an effective vaccine.
Researchers from the University of Kent have developed an automated data mining system that can mimic human expert classification of potentially illegal elephant ivory with high accuracy. The system has shown a 93% accuracy rate and is expected to significantly increase the detection of illegal ivory sales on eBay.
A Japanese study of over 4,000 people found that those consuming the most salt had a higher risk of developing high blood pressure. Participants who gradually increased their sodium intake also showed gradual increases in blood pressure.
Researchers at Northeastern University discovered that a specific mutation in the hipA gene leads to persistent E. coli cells in patients with relapsing urinary tract infections, paving the way for customized treatment regimens.
A recent comparative genomic study found that specific olfactory receptor genes correlate with ecological niches and behaviors in birds. Specialized skills, such as those in birds of prey or aquatic birds, were mirrored by genetic diversity of their OR gene families.
A recent study suggests that dense star clusters in the universe could be 'factories' of binary black holes. Researchers predict that advanced observatories will detect over 100 merging black holes per year from these clusters.
Researchers found that mild hypothermia in deceased organ donors significantly reduces delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients by nearly 40%. This intervention could lead to an increase in the availability of kidneys for transplant and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers used a new technology to study gene activity in living people, finding that women and men use different switches to turn on many immune system genes. The difference in activity might explain the higher incidence of autoimmune diseases in women.
Bioethicists call for an end to 'pay-to-play' clinical research, arguing it compromises the integrity of studies. This approach can exploit desperate patients and skew study types and methods.
Researchers use climate model to tag soot sources and track its impact on the Tibetan Plateau, finding that soot from wildfires in India warms the region more than greenhouse gases. The study suggests that cutting emissions from central Asia's fossil fuel burning can have a significant impact on reducing soot levels on the plateau.
Researchers are working to reduce uncertainty in carbon cycle science by harmonizing data on key components, including Mexico and the US. This will help better understand how diverse regions respond to climate change and improve confidence in models.
The study identified four non-modifiable factors - gender, age, race, and ethnicity - that influence the employment gap, with smaller gaps for women, individuals in their 20s and 60s, Asians, and Hispanics. Two modifiable factors, marital status and educational attainment, also contributed to reduced employment gaps.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina have discovered a rare type of stem cell that is immune to radiation damage due to high levels of Sox9. This finding could lead to new ways to protect the gastrointestinal system of cancer patients before treatment, allowing for more aggressive treatments to be used.
A new study found that 53% of children with sports-related head injuries receive CT scans, but only 4% have traumatic brain injuries. Researchers recommend using evidence-based prediction rules to decrease unnecessary CT scan use and promote injury prevention in high-risk sports.
A new study reveals that malic acid is the primary cause of sweet cherry cracking, even at low water uptake levels. The researchers found that artificial juices composed of malic acid or five abundant osmolytes reproduce the effect on fruit cracking.
Researchers created a tethered artificial ribosome called Ribo-T, which works nearly as well as the natural cellular component. The engineered ribosome enables production of new drugs and biomaterials, and may lead to better understanding of ribosome function.
A six-year study found that using narrow vegetation-free strips under trees can reduce damage from hemipteran insects, increasing tree growth and fruit yield. Supplemental irrigation also showed benefits in three of five years, with trees grown with irrigation having larger trunk cross-sectional areas.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that nearly half of hospital-acquired blood clots were not preventable despite proper use of preventive therapies. The study suggests that measuring prevention efforts, rather than just numbers of clots, is essential to accurately penalize hospitals.
A new RAND analysis reveals that enrolling in a health insurance plan is only the first step for consumers to be actively engaged in their healthcare. The study found that low health literacy and limited access to primary care physicians are significant barriers to consumer engagement. To overcome these challenges, a collaborative and ...
The Alliance for Aging Research released a white paper highlighting the factors driving low vaccination rates among seniors and offering recommendations for improvement. Vaccination rates are lower than target levels set by Healthy People 2020, resulting in significant health issues and deaths among older adults.