Professor Federico Rosei, a renowned researcher at INRS Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, has been elected ASM International Fellow. He is recognized for his exceptional work on synthesizing and characterizing multifunctional materials.
A University of Kansas researcher found that compulsory schooling laws increased school attendance rates and shifted occupational distribution toward skilled and non-manual occupations. This shift created more skilled jobs and raised the occupational distribution, benefiting not only lower-class children but also the broader workforce.
A Phase 1 trial of LOXO-101 demonstrated a rapid and significant response in the first patient with a TRK fusion cancer. The patient's tumors substantially regressed after four months of treatment, meeting partial response criteria.
Researchers identified the crucial mutation that stripped away teosinte's hard casing, exposing the edible kernel. This genetic change allowed for the domestication of maize, leading to its widespread cultivation and impact on human societies.
A new study published in PLOS Biology found that imperfect vaccines can promote the evolution of nastier viral strains, increasing the risk of severe illness among unvaccinated individuals. The research highlights the importance of perfect vaccines in preventing not only disease but also transmission.
Researchers have established the safety and dosing of a new drug for treating blood cancers, targeting dormant cancer stem cells. The drug coaxes these cells to differentiate and exit the bone marrow, where they can be destroyed by chemotherapy agents.
Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy, a Northwestern University scientist, has been named a Rita Allen Foundation Scholar to research how fast-acting antidepressants impact the brain's neural circuitry. Her goal is to improve treatment effectiveness for major depressive disorders.
Scientists at Purdue University have made a groundbreaking discovery by finding that metal can be deformed into folds while being cut, contrary to long-held assumptions. The team found that suppressing this folding behavior can reduce cutting force by up to 50%, leading to faster and more efficient machining with improved surface quality.
The study found that people are harder to convince to choose healthy options than to reject unhealthy ones, especially when it comes to customizable foods like pizza. Retailers can use this insight to design menus that encourage healthier choices while still catering to customers' desires for tasty options.
Research published in Archives of Disease in Childhood found that premature birth is associated with a distinct personality profile characterized by introversion, neuroticism, and risk aversion. Adults born prematurely scored higher on these traits compared to those born at term, even after adjusting for lower intelligence.
A University of Minnesota-led study reveals that nitrous oxide emissions from the US Corn Belt have been significantly underestimated, with estimates off by as much as 40%. The researchers found a strong relationship between stream size and emission strength, which can be used to scale up emission estimates. This discovery has importan...
Scientists at the University of Southampton have developed a molecule that acts as an exercise mimic, reducing fasting blood glucose levels and promoting weight loss in obese mice. The new compound 14 inhibits a cellular enzyme involved in metabolism, leading to improved glucose tolerance and reduced body weight.
A metagenome-wide association study uncovered markers in the oral and gut microbiomes that are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that Haemophilus sp. is depleted in RA patients and Lactobacillus salivarius is over-represented, suggesting potential new targets for diagnosis and treatment.
According to UTHealth researchers, children who spend more time with friends tend to engage in physical activity, lowering their obesity rates. Weak school nutrition policies can also be counterproductive if they lead to increased consumption of alternate sugary drinks. Additionally, obesity has immediate consequences for school perfor...
A new Iowa State University study found a strong association between insulin resistance and memory function decline, increasing the risk for Alzheimer's disease. Insulin resistance is common in people who are obese, pre-diabetic or have Type 2 diabetes, and can lead to cognitive decline at any age.
Researchers analyzed data from 119 countries, finding that education is the strongest predictor of climate change awareness globally. In contrast, understanding human causes of climate change is a stronger predictor of risk perception in Latin America and Europe, while local temperature changes are more important in Africa and Asia.
Research confirms that certain vaccines can lead to the survival of more virulent virus strains, increasing risk to unvaccinated populations. This has significant implications for food-chain security and human health.
Researchers found a strong correlation between maternal mind-mindedness and child's ability to understand others' thoughts. The study showed that mothers who used more 'mind related comments' with their babies had children who performed better in social tasks at age 5.
The Geological Society of America (GSA) and its partners have awarded funding to support 25 undergraduate and graduate students attending the SACNAS and GSA national conferences in November 2015. The students will gain knowledge, access to peers and colleagues, and career opportunities through networking and mentoring experiences.
Robson Santos will focus on the analysis of alamandine's functions in cardiovascular disease. He recently discovered the hormone as part of his collaboration with Professor Michael Bader at the MDC.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have created a dynamic functional mouse model for lung injury repair. The novel model used targeted Type 2 Alveolar Epithelial cells (AEC2) to study the effects of cell depletion on lung function and disease.
Researchers found that the early flow of lymph fluid triggers maturation in developing lymphatic vessels. In mice without lymph flow, valves failed to form and remodeling phase was disrupted, leading to improper development of smooth muscle cells.
Healthcare professionals and consumers can voluntarily report adverse drug events directly to the FDA or the manufacturer, but about 10% of serious and unexpected adverse events are not reported under federal regulations. The study analyzed over 1.6 million reports and found that patient death was associated with delayed reporting.
The Journalists in Aging Fellows Program aims to bring scientific findings on aging to diverse communities through in-depth stories and workshops. Supported by The Silver Century Foundation, the program has been instrumental in producing over 300 news stories since its inception.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a new technique to analyze specific hormones in tissue, allowing surgeons to distinguish tumor from normal gland. The technique, called MALDI MSI, can determine hormone composition in under 30 minutes, potentially improving surgical precision.
The improved survival rate of HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa facilitates the study of cardiovascular disease in these patients. Studies have shown that highly active antiretroviral treatment is associated with a 50% reduction in HIV-related cardiomyopathy, and researchers now have access to a population with both HIV and cardiovasc...
Scientists have decoded the genome and transcriptome of an incurable subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, revealing a novel program associated with leukemic cells. The study identifies key genes that trigger a reprogramming of the leukemia cells, leading to promising drug tests, including Venetoclax.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a superfast fluorescence device that can emit light over 90 billion gigahertz, breaking the current speed record. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize optical computing and communication.
Researchers found that gaze shifting in 10-month-old babies is linked to improved brain responses to new language sounds. The study suggests that social engagement plays a crucial role in early language learning.
A recent study found that US NICU admission rates have increased for newborns of all birth weights, including normal-weight and term infants. The researchers looked at data from nearly 18 million live births between 2007 and 2012 and found a significant increase in NICU admissions.
A polymer hydrogel material alters capillary forces, creating a 'stick-slip' control of water entry into microtubes. This enables precise control of fluid flow and could enable applications such as controlled drug release and precise reaction timing.
Researchers discovered that memory CD4+ T cells linger in the skin for up to a year after resolving Leishmania infection. These skin-resident memory cells help reduce parasite numbers during secondary infections by recruiting blood-borne memory cells, suggesting a new approach to developing anti-Leishmania vaccines.
A four-year study aims to understand the neurological mechanisms behind reduced taste for sweet and fatty foods following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and diet-induced obesity. The research seeks to identify new treatments for effective weight loss and shed light on why RYGB is an effective surgical treatment for obesity.
Scientists have developed a novel process to regenerate salivary cells using silk fibers as a framework, which could help millions in the US with dry mouth due to Sjögren's syndrome. The process has been shown to retain salivary gland cell properties and is a significant step towards developing new cell-based therapeutics.
Researchers are exploring how indoor home microbial environments change after whole-house weatherization projects, aiming to understand the impact on human health. The study will analyze ventilation-system design and its influence on exposure to airborne microorganisms.
Two studies show ACS NSQIP provides more accurate data than administrative data to drive surgical quality improvement in hospitals. The program identified 60% of hospital readmissions as potentially preventable, and demonstrated higher c-statistic values for complications and mortality models.
A research team from NUS Medicine has demonstrated that applying an external source of hydrogen sulphide can protect testicular germ cells against heat-induced injury, a major cause of male infertility. The findings provide a potential therapeutic value for H2S in treating male infertility.
A new study at Northwestern Memorial Hospital reduces UTI rates by decreasing catheter utilization and implementing process improvement guidelines. The initiative targets catheter-related UTIs in the operating room, aiming to change clinical culture among surgeons and healthcare teams.
A new scoring system developed by Thomas Jefferson University Hospital has been found to accurately predict the risk of ventilator dependence after major operations. The tool uses ACS NSQIP data to identify patients at risk, with those scoring above 3 comprising 20% of patients who experienced 70% of adverse events.
A study published in Cortex found that sleep significantly improves memory accessibility, allowing subjects to recall facts they couldn't remember while awake. After a night's sleep, participants were able to recover unrecalled memories, suggesting that sleep sharpens and makes memories more vivid and accessible.
A quality improvement initiative at Texas Children's Hospital has led to a significant reduction in median waitlist times for pediatric heart transplant patients. The hospital revised its protocols to expand donor heart size parameters and improve patient severity status, resulting in faster organ allocation.
A research team at the University of California, Davis, has identified a tiny protein called RaxX that helps plants fight off bacterial infections. The discovery could lead to more disease-resistant crop varieties and new treatments for microbial infections in both plants and animals.
The Reynolds Creek Fire in Montana began on July 21 after a lightning strike and has consumed mixed conifer trees, shrubs, and grass. As of July 24, the fire is at 4000 acres with predicted extreme fire behavior due to gusty west winds.
A study by UCLA and University of Pittsburgh researchers has isolated specific genetic differences between people with DiGeorge syndrome who have autism and those who have psychosis. The findings suggest a potential way to determine which child is at risk for which disorder, allowing for early intervention and improvement.
A study published in Ecology found that parasite prevalence and diversity increase with higher latitude, challenging the typical latitudinal diversity gradient. This exception suggests that local ecological factors play a role in shaping biodiversity, despite the general pattern of decreasing species richness towards the poles.
A mathematical simulation model predicts ICU bed occupancy and optimizes resource allocation by considering patient admissions and length of stay data. This approach enables healthcare managers to make informed decisions about bed capacity and resource allocation.
A new study reveals that stadium lighting can alter patterns of bat species activity and feeding, potentially leading to cascading effects on the ecosystem. Urban exploiter bats are more likely to hunt insects attracted to bright light pollution sources like stadiums.
Researchers have identified a toxin from salmonid fish that can be used to treat cancer by inhibiting the switch protein RhoA, which is involved in cell division and tumor metastasis. The toxin, Afp18, attaches a sugar molecule to RhoA, causing it to collapse and blocking cell division.
The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission observed Typhoon Halola with rainfall rates of up to 40 mm/h near the southeastern side, while the northern side showed less than 10 mm/h. The storm's elongated shape and dry air's effect contributed to its weakening circulation.
Researchers found that subjects who knew they were receiving a fake pain treatment still experienced pain relief after multiple sessions. The study suggests that conditioning can create independent placebo effects that require both belief and consistent experiences. This could lead to new treatments for drug addiction or pain management.
A new study has analyzed data from Great Britain, the US and Sweden to profile human population growth and its consumption of energy. The research found that energy use generally outpaced population growth over the past few hundred years.
A peer-reviewed study published in the Journal of Mammalogy found no difference in life expectancy between SeaWorld's killer whales and a well-studied population of wild killer whales. The average life expectancy for SeaWorld's killer whales is 41.6 years, similar to that of Southern Resident killer whales.
A study led by Temple University researchers found that hospitals performing more catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) procedures per year had lower mortality rates and bleeding complications. The research, published in the Circulation journal, suggests standardizing CDT protocols can minimize risks at low-volume centers.
A study of 148 college athletes found that men and women experienced similar cognitive impairments after a concussion, but women reported more symptoms and had poorer cognitive performance. The research suggests that further study is needed to understand the differences in concussion impact between genders.
A study of 228 butterfly species in the Iberian Peninsula suggests that up to 28% could be entirely new to science, highlighting the need for conservation efforts and genetic identification tools. This DNA analysis will aid in differentiating between morphologically similar species and inform priority conservation strategies.
Research suggests that adults born very premature are more likely to display autistic features, neuroticism, introversion and decreased risk taking. This can lead to difficulties in social relationships with peers, friends and partners.
Scientists at Van Andel Research Institute have unraveled the molecular mechanism of TOPLESS, a plant protein that interacts with other molecules to regulate gene silencing. This discovery provides insights into similar pathways in humans and has significant implications for understanding diseases such as cancer.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered a motor protein complex that transports severely damaged DNA within cells. The discovery sheds light on how cancer operates and could lead to new anti-cancer drug targets.
Wildfires on Croatia's Peljesac Peninsula and islands of Korcula and Brac have destroyed olive groves, vineyards, and pine forests, forcing evacuations. The fires have also disrupted main roads and power supplies, with hot winds and high temperatures hindering firefighters' efforts to contain the blazes.
Tropical Depression 12W intensified into a tropical storm after NASA's Terra satellite captured an organized storm with better circulation. The storm is forecast to weaken under Typhoon Halola's influence, moving slowly at 5 knots (5.7 mph/9.2 kph) towards the north.