A study published at the EuroPRevent congress found that employees in busy workplaces often do not meet recommended levels of physical activity, with only 6% achieving 10,000 steps per day. The research highlights the need for workplace health promotion policies to be more effectively applied to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
A study of 3,353 Chinese adults in Singapore found the prevalence of glaucoma to be 3.2%, with primary open-angle glaucoma affecting 1.7% and primary angle-closure glaucoma affecting 1.5%. The study also highlighted the need for increased public awareness of this potentially blinding condition.
Typhoon Dolphin is a highly developed and organized storm with strong winds of up to 95 knots (109-132 mph) and wave heights of 32 feet. The typhoon is forecasted to bring damaging winds, torrential rains, and high surf to Guam and surrounding islands.
A new study reveals germinated buckwheat has better nutritional value than ungerminated buckwheat due to activated dormant enzymes. This process increases the presence of nutrients and reduces compounds interfering with nutrient absorption.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that minimal residual disease alone is not predictive of risk or outcome in children with T-cell leukemia. Despite having few remaining leukemia cells, patients achieved complete remission and had excellent outcomes without intensifying therapy.
A recent study found that nearly a third of college marching band members surveyed observed hazing in their programs, including public verbal humiliation and degradation, yet few reported the activities due to fears of retribution or social standing. The researchers suggest that education and reporting efforts by band directors may be ...
Researchers emphasize the need for more studies on dispersants' effects on microorganisms in marine ecosystems. Standardized methods and consistent metrics are crucial to document dispersant impacts, as existing research reveals inconsistent results.
The researchers found that all test subjects perceived similar color shades with varying lightness but not actual colors. The perception of daylight locus is influenced by the position of the sun, causing variations in lighting conditions.
Researchers devise a replicator dynamics model to analyze the effects of incentives and meta-incentives on resolving social dilemmas. The study finds that allowing a reward-to-reward linkage can resolve the dilemma without any social costs, making it an efficient solution for real-world applications.
A new genomics laboratory in Liberia enables fast tracking of Ebola virus changes, which could impact diagnostics and therapeutics. The lab provides critical viral genomic information to support public health efforts.
A study by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Columbia University reveals a more complex marine phosphorus cycle than previously thought, with microbes playing a key role in using and breaking down forms of the essential element. In the process, about five percent of phosphate is converted to phosphonates in shallow water samples.
New research from psychologists at the University of Kent found that afterlife beliefs help preserve hope among people with low self-esteem, even when faced with mortality salience. In two studies, participants who believed in immortality showed increased hope levels after reading statements about life after death or gene promises.
A new study by geneticists from the University of Leicester has identified nearly 80 genes associated with 'morningness' and 'eveningness' in fruit flies. This discovery could lead to better diagnostics and personalized medicine, where individuals receive tailored therapies based on their unique genetic profiles.
Researchers introduce single-letter DNA change into human red blood cells, increasing oxygen-carrying haemoglobin production and alleviating symptoms of sickle cell anaemia. The approach is effective, safe, and non-inherited, offering a promising alternative to conventional gene therapy.
A genome-wide study found that malnutrition in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy is associated with changes in DNA methylation, which can suppress genes involved in growth, development, and metabolism. These findings have significant implications for understanding the long-term effects of prenatal nutrition on health outcomes.
A comprehensive review of over 40 years of research on bullying reveals its complex nature and negative impact on victims. The study suggests that bullying is a distinct form of interpersonal aggression, with long-term effects that can endure into adulthood.
A study explores the quality of organs from HIV-positive donors for potential transplant use in the US, finding that donor kidneys may be of reduced quality. The study suggests nearly 400 potential organ donors might be available annually, but long-term viability and hepatitis C virus infection could impact organ health.
A new study reports that bathing patients in chlorhexidine was equally effective in preventing MRSA transmission as current contact precautions, reducing contamination events by 29%. The research challenges the practice of limiting patient contact and may provide a cheaper alternative strategy for improving patient care.
Researchers studied flies' response to shadows, finding that they display persistent defensive behavior, generalizable across contexts. The study suggests that flies may help understand the fundamental neurochemistry of fear and emotions.
A novel antibody, Ab926, has been discovered that can prevent E. coli from attaching to human cell surfaces and also dislodge bacteria already attached. This antibody works by binding to the side of the FimH pocket, rather than directly competing with free-floating mannose.
Rises in unemployment are associated with significant increases in prostate cancer mortality, according to the first study to systematically explore this correlation. The effect continued for at least five years after a 1% rise in unemployment, even after controlling for competing factors.
Cedars-Sinai gastroenterologist Mark Pimentel has developed two simple blood tests that accurately diagnose irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in millions of people worldwide. The new blood tests identify specific antibodies reacting to toxins from bacteria, such as salmonella, and confirm IBS diagnosis with greater than 90% certainty.
Researchers have discovered the structure of a key protein on the surface of the mimivirus, aiding efforts to determine its hosts and unknown functions. The R135 protein is similar to an enzyme found in a fungus and may participate in biodegrading lignin, suggesting alternative hosts such as algae.
A new UCL study reveals that sex equality in residential decision-making explains the unique social structure of hunter-gatherers. The research found that when both men and women have influence over camp assortment, group relatedness is much lower due to individuals seeking to live with as many kin as possible.
Researchers at the Institute of Food Research have visualized the structural changes Clostridium spores undergo during germination, which could help control pathogenic bacteria. The study provides new insights into the genetic controls of spore germination and reveals that spores have polarity that aligns structures correctly.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that trap-jaw ants use their spring-loaded mandibles to jump out of harm's way when threatened by an antlion. This behavior increases the ants' survival rate, with 15% of encounters resulting in escape.
Researchers at TSRI found that interferon beta has an immune-suppressing effect that can help some viruses establish persistent infections, including HIV and hepatitis B and C. Blocking IFNβ signaling may lead to the development of new treatments for these infections.
Researchers warn against using existing measures of non-cognitive skills, such as self-control and grit, for evaluating educators, programs, or diagnosing students. The measures are not yet ready for educational use and may yield misleading results. A multi-method approach to measurement can increase reliability and validity.
Physicists at Syracuse University have discovered a rare subatomic process involving the decay of the Bs meson, confirming its predicted decay into two muons. The finding provides insight into the Standard Model and offers an indirect way to test new models of physics.
Researchers discovered that fruit flies use a brain structure called the ellipsoid body to navigate and maintain their bearings. The ellipsoid body cells locked onto visual patterns, allowing the fly to track its orientation in the dark.
A study by Kent State researchers found that using smartphones for texting, talking, or listening to music during exercise can negatively impact physical performance. Conversely, exercising with a phone without using it for communication or entertainment increased treadmill speed, heart rate, and enjoyment.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a device that stimulates nerves in the upper arm and forearm to transmit sensory signals to the brain, enabling users to feel hot and cold and the sense of touch through their prosthetic hands. The team plans to test the device on nonhuman primates to determine its effect...
Botanists have discovered 17 new species of Eugenia plants in Madagascar, with the finds shedding light on the genus's distribution and ecological patterns. The discovery highlights the country's rich biodiversity, with many plant families yielding new species annually.
Researchers found high levels of phenols in spent coffee grounds, which have potential as additives to enhance health effects of other food products. The study's findings suggest that used coffee grounds could be a valuable source of dietary phenolic compounds.
A recent study by the University of Helsinki found that early exposure to alcohol changes the way genes function in the brains of mice, influencing brain structure. The timing of the exposure corresponds to human gestational weeks 3-6, and similar changes were observed in other tissues of the infant mice.
Researchers from University of Hawai'i - Mānoa discover that larger dust particles in comet Wild 2 are similar to rocks found in primitive meteorites called chondrites. The smaller-sized dust displays a range of oxygen isotopic compositions, deepening the mystery of Wild 2's past.
Researchers analyzed eruptive plumes and ash from Volcán de Colima, finding marked differences in vesicularity, crystal characteristics, and glass composition. The study suggests that degassing leads to varying gas-rich and gas-poor pulses within the conduit, controlling Vulcanian explosion explosivity.
A new study led by researchers at the University of Minnesota has found a three-way link among infant antibiotic use, changes in gut bacteria, and disease later in life. The study developed a predictive model for measuring healthy development of bacteria in young children.
A new study by Moffitt researchers found that men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. The study also identified a possible genetic link between the GNB3 gene and cognitive problems during ADT treatment.
A survey of over 50,000 children aged 8-12 across 15 countries reveals that children's happiness differs significantly depending on their geographical location and lifestyle. In Northern European countries, children are dissatisfied with their appearance and self-confidence, while those in African countries tend to be happier with scho...
Researchers have identified novel non-platinum-based molecules effective against cervical, breast, ovarian, and lung cancers without harming healthy cells. These discoveries could lead to the development of safer anti-cancer treatments with a unique molecular mechanism.
Scientists design a peptide that binds to ghrelin and Y2 receptors, reducing appetite in obese mice. The compound shows promise as an obesity treatment targeting the complex system of hormones regulating appetite.
A simple blood test can predict which chronic hepatitis C patients will respond to interferon-based therapy, according to a recent study. The researchers found that levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood predicted treatment response.
Two Large Hadron Collider experiments have combined their results to observe a previously unseen subatomic process, establishing a new and extremely rare decay of the Bs particle into two muons. This discovery helps scientists study the properties of particles to search for cracks in the Standard Model, potentially revealing new physics.
A study found that smokers who quit successfully had greater connectivity between the insula and somatosensory cortex compared to those who failed. This suggests that targeting this neural pathway could be a strategy for improving smoking cessation outcomes. The researchers hope their findings will guide the development of new treatments.
Recent studies on artificial pancreas systems have identified security vulnerabilities, including software integrity and malware threats. The authors propose a more formal approach to reporting the technical characteristics of these complex systems to ensure their safety.
A team of scientists from OIST and international partners has created a sensor that can detect carbon monoxide, a common industrial pollutant, using copper oxide nanowires decorated with palladium nanoparticles. The sensor demonstrates significant improvements in detecting gas emissions compared to existing methods.
A recent study published in Brain: A Journal of Neurology has identified a link between smaller brain region volumes and increased likelihood of drug addiction. The research found that individuals who showed brain structural differences when they started using drugs were more likely to experience escalating stimulant use.
Astronomers find water formation may have occurred less than a billion years after the Big Bang, when the universe was 5% of its current age. This discovery raises important questions about the habitability of the first planets and the origin of life.
A recent study published in JAMA Surgery found that pregnant women who undergo general surgical procedures do not have a higher risk of postoperative complications. The research analyzed data from over 2,700 pregnant women and 516,000 non-pregnant women, revealing no significant differences in mortality rates, overall morbidity, or pos...
A large international study found that weak grip strength is linked with shorter survival and a greater risk of having a heart attack or stroke. Grip strength was also found to be a stronger predictor of death than systolic blood pressure.
A recent study by Leuphana University of Lüneburg found that action-oriented entrepreneurship training can unlock dormant potential and awaken entrepreneurial spirit in individuals. The training program, STEP, combines practice exercises with theory-based content and provides seed capital to participants. After twelve months, the train...
A new study found that smoking is associated with increased complications during and after urologic cancer surgery, as well as other major surgeries. Quitting smoking for even a year significantly improves surgical outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new material that stays liquid at temperatures below its expected freezing point but crystallizes upon writing or rubbing. This unique property makes it highly sensitive to pressure and could lead to breakthroughs in biosensors, optical memory, and electronic devices.
The Edmond and Lily Safra Philanthropic Foundation has donated $30 million to the Hebrew University's Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, bringing the total funding to $50 million. The center will continue to grow and recruit top researchers to advance brain research and development.
Eighty percent of Burmese long-tailed macaques on an island in southern Thailand use stone and shell tools to crack open seafood, employing 17 different action patterns. The study catalogued tool use and action patterns, revealing one-handed hammering for precision striking and two-handed hammering for larger shells.
The RDA Data Share Fellowship recognizes and supports early-career researchers in adopting data-sharing best practices. Fellows will collaborate with working groups, receive stipends, and attend bi-annual plenaries.
The US experienced a significant decline in honey bee colonies between April 2014 and April 2015, with beekeepers losing over 40% of their colonies. Summer losses were particularly severe, with commercial beekeepers facing high rates of colony losses due to unknown factors.
The Mayo Clinic is launching a study of 10,000 patients to examine the potential risks of drug reactions based on individual genome variations. Researchers will analyze DNA sequencing data from 69 genes influencing drug metabolism, aiming to identify 'early warning systems' for adverse reactions and ineffective treatments.
A recent study from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center suggests that profiling normal DNA provides an opportunity to identify inherited mutations critical for patients and their families. Researchers sequenced tumor and normal DNA from patients with advanced cancer, identifying germline mutations in nearly all cases.