Researchers present strong evidence for the coronal heating theory, suggesting that tiny explosive bursts of heat called nanoflares are responsible for heating the sun's atmosphere. The new findings come from NASA's EUNIS sounding rocket mission and NuSTAR X-ray observations, providing insight into the solar corona.
Research during the Beijing Olympics found a correlation between reduced air pollution and higher birth weights among pregnant women. The study suggests that pollution may interfere with fetal growth, particularly in late pregnancy.
Researchers have identified five new species of blueberry relatives in Colombia, showcasing the country's rich biodiversity. The newly discovered species exhibit unique morphological characteristics and are found primarily in the Western Cordillera and Chocó biogeographic region.
A UCL-led team used high-energy synchrotron X-rays and thermal imaging to track lithium-ion battery damage in real-time. The study found that internal structural damage can spread to neighboring batteries, causing severe failure.
A comprehensive survey of resources used and removed in the world's largest metropolitan areas reveals that megacities consume significantly more energy and produce more solid waste than other regions. Despite having a relatively small percentage of the global population, megacities generate a substantial proportion of global GDP.
A study by Rutgers University-Newark researchers found that emotional disclosure reduces victim blaming, with witnesses who express disturbing thoughts and feelings blaming victims less than those who suppress their emotions. The research suggests people can best help victims by addressing their own emotional needs.
A study found girls with ASD were diagnosed at a mean age of 4 years compared to 3.8 years for boys, while girls with Asperger's syndrome were diagnosed at 7.6 years versus 7.1 years for boys. Girls struggled more with social cognition and had less severe mannerisms.
A prospective multicentre observational study examined the relationship between polygamy and cardiovascular health. Men with multiple wives had a higher risk of coronary artery disease, left main disease, and multivessel disease, with risks increasing by up to 4-fold.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study found that nearly 14% of chlamydia infections and over 30% of gonorrhea infections in women would be missed with standard genital-only screening. Extragenital rates were significant, particularly among younger women.
A team of scientists from UT Knoxville has discovered extensive salty groundwater networks in Antarctica using SkyTEM technology. This finding supports the presence of subsurface microbial ecosystems and provides insights into glacial dynamics and ancient climate change.
A Cancer Research UK study found that only a third of bowel cancer patients received physical activity advice, despite evidence showing its link to better survival rates. Most patients who received advice were more likely to be physically active than those who didn't.
By using a superconducting island to mediate interaction, researchers increased radiation pressure coupling by a millionfold, enabling observation of quantum phenomena in larger structures. This breakthrough paves the way for studying mechanical oscillations at the level of a single photon.
A study of over 8000 patients found that surgeons with higher volumes are less likely to perform high-risk pneumonectomies, leading to better long-term survival. The researchers suggest that surgeon experience is an important factor in determining surgical outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer patients.
A study found that wound healing and lower plasma viral loads are associated with less HIV shedding from male circumcision wounds. The likelihood of viral shedding increases initially but decreases as wounds heal.
The world's largest science experiment is expected to start proton collisions in early June, with no significant signs of new physics yet observed. Physicists are eager for anomalies and unexpected results that could change our understanding of the Standard Model.
A recent study compared cardiac surgery residents to attending physicians performing coronary artery bypass grafting and found similar patient outcomes and graft patency. Residents acted as primary surgeon in majority of surgeries, but with proper supervision, they achieved comparable results to attendings.
Researchers at TU Wien and MedUni Vienna have developed artificial blood vessels that are biocompatible and can be broken down by the body. The new material has excellent mechanical properties and allows for the growth of natural tissue, making it a promising solution for bypass operations.
Research identifies structural and functional brain differences between children with dyslexia and dysgraphia and typical language learners. The study suggests that providing instruction tailored to each specific learning disability is essential.
A vaccine targeting the viral protein Tat shows promise in boosting an HIV-infected patient's immune system, increasing CD4+ T cell count and reducing latent virus DNA load. The results suggest a new treatment scenario to investigate intensified antiretroviral therapy with a vaccine.
The Mississippi Delta is facing an uncertain future due to the combined effects of sea-level rise and land subsidence. The study uses precise GPS data and tide gauge records to measure subsidence rates, revealing that parts of the delta may not be viable in the long term.
Recent research on 5G has systematically overviewed latest progress on network architecture and promising techniques, including NOMA, MIMO, and cognitive radio. The study highlights potential key areas of research to overcome the spectrum crisis in global wireless communications.
Scientists at NPL have developed a new optical method for directly measuring sound pressure, providing direct traceability to fundamental SI base units. This method can be used to calibrate any acoustic device without assumptions regarding geometry and sound field characteristics.
A new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution suggests that technological innovations in hunting weapons may not have been a driving force behind the colonization of Europe by anatomically modern humans. The researchers found that stone tools used by humans around 40,000 years ago appeared in Europe earlier than previously th...
The Cal-BRAIN program awards $1.92 million in seed grants to 16 interdisciplinary teams at 10 UC campuses and other institutions to advance neurotechnology research. The projects focus on measuring brain activity through various strategies, aiming to improve treatments for brain disorders.
Genetic markers have been identified for large offspring syndrome (LOS) in cattle, a condition that can cause physical abnormalities and fatalities in newborn calves. This discovery may lead to safer assisted reproduction procedures by allowing breeders to avoid genetically predisposed embryos.
A two-week international diet swap study found that changing from a Westernized to an African high-fiber, low-fat diet reduced biomarkers of cancer risk in both African-American and rural South African volunteers. Increasing fiber intake and reducing animal fat and proteins may help lower colon cancer risk.
Researchers have made significant progress in cell transplantation therapy, demonstrating improved outcomes for patients with complete spinal cord injury and potential treatments for Parkinson's disease. Studies also show that human pluripotent stem cells hold promise for treating the disease.
Researchers mapped human genes triggered by soy phytonutrients, revealing a complex role in breast cancer prevention and promotion. Soy flour stimulates tumor-suppressing genes, while purified isoflavones stimulate oncogenes, promoting tumor growth.
Researchers challenge previous convention that males were much larger than females in the early hominid species Australopithecus afarensis. The study uses Lucy and Kadanuumuu as templates to determine size variation and finds moderate levels of sexual dimorphism within human-like species
A new study describes the benefits of an active post-discharge intervention program for patients who have undergone thoracic surgery. The program resulted in shorter hospital stays, fewer emergency room visits, cost savings, and no increase in adverse outcomes.
Physicists at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München use game theory to explain how bosons, which like to cluster together, form multiple groups. This understanding has led to insights into superfluidity and technologies like superconductivity.
Researchers from Finland and Europe have discovered a method to convert heat into spin current in magnetic superconductors, enabling faster data writing processes. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize memory technology, making it more efficient and faster.
A church-based education program led by trained community members helped Latino adults with diabetes adopt healthier lifestyles, including reduced high-fat food consumption and increased exercise. Participants reported significant improvements six months after the program concluded.
Severe thunderstorms swept through central Texas on April 26, 2015, generating heavy rainfall and large hail. The GPM Core Observatory satellite captured a 3D view of the storms, revealing some reaching altitudes above 7.7 miles.
A study found that women who breastfed their babies had a lower risk of breast cancer recurrence, with the strongest effect seen in those who breastfed for 6 months or more. The protective effect was most pronounced for tumors of specific genetic subtypes.
Researchers at TUM and IME identified a protein complex on rubber particles responsible for the formation of polyisoprene, the main component of rubber. The study found two key proteins necessary for natural rubber biosynthesis in dandelion plants. This discovery brings biotechnological manufacturing of rubber closer.
A study of over 1,300 women service members and veterans found that fewer than a third sought post-assault health care, despite growing awareness and efforts to deter sexual crimes. Researchers identified embarrassment, confidentiality concerns, and adverse career impacts as key factors preventing servicewomen from seeking care.
Researchers found that measuring time in days instead of years can make future events feel closer and prompt people to start planning earlier. Participants planned to save four times sooner when considering time in days compared to years, even after accounting for age, income, and education.
Researchers using airborne imaging system SkyTEM detect extensive, interconnected aquifers deep beneath glaciers and lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. The findings provide evidence for previously unknown microbial life and challenge assumptions about liquid water's presence beneath ice sheets.
New research finds that childhood bullying has a greater negative impact on teenager's mental health than being maltreated, with bullied children five times more likely to experience anxiety and nearly twice as likely to report depression and self-harm at age 18.
A new study from Loyola University Medical Center found that female infants tend to do better than males when born prematurely, achieving independent oral feeding at 36 weeks and four days on average. Researchers also discovered that being born before 29 weeks of pregnancy negatively influences the ability to eat independently.
A recent study found that women are at a higher risk of persistent memory impairment after a concussion, with brain scans revealing reduced activation in working memory circuits. The study's findings suggest that female gender may be a risk factor for working memory impairment after mild traumatic brain injury.
Researchers developed a hybrid approach combining core-loss spectroscopy and ultrafast four-dimensional electron microscopy to visualize structural dynamics of atomic-scale materials. The technique revealed tiny electronic changes in individual atoms within a material on ultrafast time scales.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found that administering neuregulin from birth can stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation and improve heart function in infants with congenital heart disease. The study suggests that early treatment may prevent long-term damage and symptoms of heart failure later in childhood.
A recent survey of Caribbean reefs found that overfishing removes the predators of sponges, resulting in a greater than threefold increase in coral overgrowth by sponges. This is particularly concerning for corals already threatened by warming seawater temperatures and diseases.
Difficulty paying medical bills is a significant predictor of foregone medical and prescription drug care. The study examines how unaffordable medical expenses can lead to cyclical relationships between health, employment status, and financial resources.
A leading public health doctor argues that calorie counts should be mandatory on all alcoholic drinks to address obesity concerns. The Royal Society for Public Health supports this move, as a recent survey found that many consumers are unaware of the calorie content in common drinks.
A study by Lisa White and colleagues found that parasite half-life is a key predictor of artemisinin-resistant malaria, but the current definition of resistance is inaccurate. The researchers suggest refining the definition to account for parasite load at the start of treatment.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that children who experienced bullying had worse long-term mental health problems than those who were maltreated by adults. The research, led by Professor Dieter Wolke, analyzed data from over 5,000 participants and found that being both bullied and maltreated increased the risk of o...
A new study found that living liver donors experienced lower sexual function at evaluation phase and three months after surgery. Donor education prior to surgery may help ease concerns and improve recovery.
Researchers analyzed data from 20 states to determine the average cost of saving electricity through utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs. The study found that efficiency programs and participants split the cost almost equally, with home lighting programs driving costs down.
Researchers observe complex biochemical interactions between nerves and cancer cells, challenging conventional wisdom on perineural invasion. This dance-like movement allows cancer cells to invade nerves, leading to poor patient survival and severe complications.
Research highlights silicon's importance in rice production, enhancing resistance to pests, pathogens, and abiotic stresses. Recycling of rice straw is crucial for maintaining silicon availability, particularly in regions with low soil weathering.
Research reveals that selectively-logged tropical forests, which account for 30% of global rainforests, contain up to 64% dead wood, leading to increased carbon emissions. This study suggests that a large proportion of forests worldwide are less sinks and more sources of carbon dioxide.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that past-year heroin use rose significantly among individuals taking opioids like oxycontin, particularly among Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. The rate of heroin use for non-Hispanic whites increased by 75% in 2008-2011 compared to earlier years.
Scientists have developed a computer system that can analyze large databases of gene-activity measurements to identify genes that are turned on in specific cell types. This allows researchers to refine their analysis through thousands of measurements, providing more information about human diseases than current techniques.
Researchers developed a model of a malaria-infected red blood cell to understand the mechanism behind stiffening and stickiness. The model found that protein nodules called knobs contribute to stiffness, suggesting a promising approach to treat the disease by softening the cells.
Scientists found that AGRP neurons, responsible for unpleasant feelings of hunger, help explain why it's hard to stick to a diet. These neurons teach animals to respond to sensory cues that signal the presence of food, making them more likely to snack.
Research suggests that adolescent brain exposure to alcohol can lead to changes in learning and memory, even after adulthood. The study found hyperactive long-term potentiation in the brains of exposed rats, which may contribute to impaired cognitive functions.
A new class of PCSK9 antibodies has been shown to reduce mortality, lower LDL-cholesterol, and improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dyslipidemia. The treatment was well-tolerated and proved safe, providing a promising alternative for those who do not respond to statins.