A study found that 7 million acres of new land were converted to cropland for biofuels, replacing millions of acres of grasslands and emitting significant carbon dioxide. The conversion, mainly to corn and soy, could have released as much CO2 as 28 million cars on the road.
The University of Texas Medical Branch has developed an online tool to help bedside nurses rapidly access filtered research evidence, presenting information in concise formats. The Disciplined Clinical Inquiry - Evidence-Based Practice Literacy pathway offers a streamlined education on the EBP skillset using online modules.
A new review published in Future Microbiology highlights the current state of polio vaccines and future research efforts to ensure eradication. The virus can be prevented through vaccination, with live attenuated oral polio vaccine and inactivated polio vaccine being used to achieve eradication.
The American Geriatrics Society and AARP have developed a free guide to help older Chinese-Americans manage their health. The guide highlights common health concerns and provides practical recommendations for discussing cultural issues with healthcare providers.
Scientists have discovered that the chromosomes in laboratory stem cells open slowly over time, allowing them to respond to growth factors and differentiate into specific cell types. This understanding could lead to advancements in stem cell research and the development of new therapies for diseases such as type 1 diabetes.
Researchers found that alcohol addiction is associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality in general hospitals, with patients dying an average of 7.6 years earlier than non-addicted patients. The study also identified 27 comorbid physical illnesses more frequently occurring in patients with alcohol addiction.
A report suggests that raising retirement age would widen benefit disparities for those with lower life expectancies, placing greater financial burdens on them. The current retirement age of 65 does not reflect increasing life expectancy, and adjusting it could exacerbate existing inequalities.
Researchers have created a novel and highly efficient thermoelectric alloy, nearly doubling industry standard efficiency. The new material achieves significant temperature changes, enabling potential applications in electrical vehicles and personal electronic devices.
Researchers found a natural dispersion mechanism that forms small oil droplets under high pressure, reducing the amount of oil reaching the surface. The study suggests this mechanism may replace chemical dispersants in some cases.
Scientists at CHOP use biodegradable nanoparticles to deliver anticancer drugs selectively to tumors, inhibiting growth and prolonging survival in animal models. The approach exploits the EPR effect, allowing for efficient delivery while avoiding toxicity in healthy tissues.
Researchers from USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered that herpesvirus proteins activate the RIG-I receptor through deamidation, a process that could be exploited to bolster immunity against infection. The study identifies the first enzyme responsible for protein deamidation in eukaryotes.
Researchers found that stem cells discard old mitochondria in daughter cells that differentiate, while new stem cells receive young ones. This mechanism may help reduce cellular damage and aging.
Two new studies published in Annals of Emergency Medicine explore the use of social media to promote dialogue around global emergency medicine. The studies, conducted by researchers from the American College of Emergency Physicians, establish criteria for evaluating high-quality blogs and podcasts.
Researchers found that genetic mutations selectively shut down genes responsible for red pigments, leading to variations in berry color. This process can result in clonal diversity and impact other vegetatively propagated plants.
Typhoon Maysak wrapped its strongest sustained winds tightly around the center, extending up to 30 m/s (67.1 mph/108 kph) in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The storm is expected to weaken and make landfall in the northern Philippines as a tropical depression.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured wispy, goblin-green objects outside quasar-host galaxies, revealing insights into galaxy behavior and energetic cores. These 'ghostly' structures are believed to have been illuminated by powerful ultraviolet radiation from supermassive black holes.
A team of chemists has synthesized molecules that can absorb any color of sunlight, from oranges to near-infrared. By understanding how these pigments work, they aim to manipulate their light absorption at will.
Researchers developed personalized melanoma vaccines that target unique mutations in each patient's tumor, increasing the number and diversity of cancer-fighting T cells. The vaccines were shown to be safe and effective in a first-in-people clinical trial, setting the stage for potential use in preventing recurrence.
Cancer Research UK scientists found that mutations in the KRAS gene interfere with protective self-destruct switches, allowing cancer cells to grow and spread. The research may lead to tailored treatments for pancreatic and non-small cell lung cancers.
Researchers used simulations of evolving computational brain models to show that more modular brains learn more and forget less. This finding could accelerate attempts to create artificial intelligence (AI) that can learn multiple skills over time, like humans and animals.
Researchers at Aalto University and German University of Marburg have discovered a new type of charge transport phenomenon that enables logical operations in microelectronics. The phenomenon involves the transfer of information between an electron hole pair without tunneling, opening up new possibilities for electronics and biology.
Researchers identified duplicate regions on chromosomes 18 as a cause of false-positive results, with longer chromosomes more prone to errors. The study suggests maternal copy-number variants may contribute substantially to elevated risks, emphasizing the need for follow-up testing.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that beta secretase inhibitors can impair synaptic plasticity and cognitive functions, highlighting the need for dose-dependent treatment. The researchers urge caution in dosing these inhibitors to balance safety and efficacy.
LUT researchers highlight the importance of understanding users' daily life needs when planning new healthcare service models. The study found that people's attitudes change slowly, but continuous changes in the operating environment can lead to exclusion from services.
Researchers found that adolescent binge-drinking can alter brain development and lead to increased anxiety-like behaviors and a preference for alcohol in adulthood. Epigenetic changes, which affect how genes are expressed, play a key role in these effects.
Researchers found that changes to histone proteins can be sustained from one generation to the next and influence trait inheritance. This discovery paves the way for studying epigenetic mechanisms and their link to health conditions and specific traits.
Recent study reveals that microbes like Sulfolobus islandicus can freeze in place when infected with a harmless virus, such as Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 9 (SSV9), to protect themselves. The dormant microbes recover if the virus is removed within 24-48 hours, otherwise they die.
Researchers have unraveled the relationships between microRNA miR-22, bile acids, and Cyclin A2 in liver and colon cancer. The study found that miR-22 reduces Cyclin A2 expression levels, potentially leading to new cancer therapies.
Research published in Occupational & Environmental Medicine found that children whose parents regularly used bleach to clean the home had higher rates of respiratory and other infections. The risk of flu, tonsillitis, and any infection was significantly higher among these children, with risks of 20% and 35% respectively.
Scientists have identified a small RNA molecule called miR-182 that can suppress cancer-causing genes in mice with glioblastoma, a deadly type of brain tumor. The new method uses nanotechnology to deliver the microRNA across the blood-brain barrier, targeting multiple oncogenes at once and increasing cancer cell death.
Researchers analyzed mouse songs using a new statistical tool, finding that males sing more complex songs when they smell a female's urine but don't see her. The songs' dynamics are influenced by social contexts and can be used to study vocal communication and disorders, including autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers have developed a mass spectrometry-based process to detect the toxic bacteria's emetic toxin, cereulide. The new method identified 18 variants of cereulide and is being evaluated for its reliability in detecting contaminated products.
Research suggests that job candidates with interview anxiety are often rated as less assertive and less warm, leading to rejection. Experts recommend focusing on broader impressions rather than nervous tics to improve job prospects.
A new investigation by The BMJ reveals that NHS doctors could prescribe the affordable and effective sight loss drug Avastin for patients with wet age-related macular degeneration. If allowed, this could release £102 million annually to reinvest in other frontline patient services.
Researchers found that failed synchronization of the womb's clock with the mother's body clock can lead to miscarriage or infertility. The study also suggests that subtle synchronization defects may increase the risk of complications during pregnancy.
The Hastings Center Report explores how the term 'rationing' has been replaced by 'value' in discussions about controlling health care costs. The report also examines the structure of clinical translation and its impact on patient care.
A study by USGS scientists found that polar bears are increasingly forced to eat terrestrial foods like berries, birds, and eggs due to sea ice loss. However, these alternative food sources provide limited nutritional benefits for the bears.
The new research provides fine-scale projections of coral bleaching, showing great variety in the timing and location of these effects. Coral reefs projected to experience bleaching conditions later can be conservation priorities.
New research reveals that increased health insurance access does not fully close the gap in health outcomes for minority and low-income populations. Expert Marshall Chin emphasizes the need for financial incentives, improved communication, and support for vulnerable populations to overcome existing disparities.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified a key indicator of chronic pain in whiplash injuries: large amounts of fat in the neck muscles. This discovery enables early treatment and may help prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
A study published in Journal of Medical Entomology found that ActiveGuard mattress liners impregnated with permethrin significantly reduce bed bugs' ability to feed and lay eggs. The researchers found that even sublethal exposure to the fabric can have far-reaching consequences for bed bug populations.
Researchers found that particles from eyeliner can contaminate the eye's tear film, leading to discomfort and potentially irritating sensitive or dry eyes. The study suggests people who wear contact lenses are more likely to notice problems if eyeliner is stuck to their lenses.
A computer model developed by scientists can predict how the liver stores fat in response to various situations, including drug treatment. This knowledge could help researchers understand and treat diseases, as well as develop new drugs with fewer side effects.
Low doses of Imatinib can stimulate the bone marrow to produce more innate immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, to combat bacterial infections. This finding suggests that Imatinib or related drugs may be useful in treating a variety of infections in patients with weakened immune systems.
A new unpowered ankle exoskeleton developed by Carnegie Mellon and North Carolina State researchers reduces the metabolic cost of walking by approximately 7%, equivalent to taking off a 10-pound backpack. The device uses a mechanical clutch to offload energy-consuming calf muscle forces, allowing individuals with mobility issues to wal...
A new study examines human impact on Pacific coral reefs, finding significant reductions in fish biomass at most reefs due to human presence. The analysis of nearly 40 islands and atolls reveals that even low levels of human influence can cause substantial declines in fish abundance.
Researchers from PETA and PCRM review 50+ technologically advanced tobacco toxicology studies, finding non-animal methods to be quantitatively unreliable. They call for guidance from the FDA on in vitro test methods to reduce animal testing in support of tobacco product applications.
A six-decade study found that external CEOs spend more on research and development, indicating a commitment to innovation. Internal CEOs, on the other hand, tend to make larger and more frequent mergers using stock rather than cash.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia found that 6-Thioguanine can change how certain cancer cells function, weakening them so they can be killed by other drugs. This discovery could lead to future cancer treatments using combination therapy.
Researchers mapped genetic changes in tumor samples from 10 men with prostate cancer, revealing a common ancestral cell and shared gene faults. The study provides insight into how prostate cancer spreads and evolves, potentially leading to new treatment targets and personalized approaches.
Researchers used UV light to reveal coloration patterns on ancient seashells, showing 28 species with unique patterns, 13 of which are new species. The study helps understand relationships between ancient and modern cone snail species.
Research suggests that accounting profession's negative stereotypes provide professional stability and exclusivity. The study uses 'commedia dell'arte' to analyze the role of stock characters in shaping career choices and perceptions of accountants. The authors argue that maintaining these stereotypes is beneficial for the profession.
A study of over 3.9 million US military personnel found no association between deployment and increased risk of suicide. However, those who separated from service or had shorter periods of service showed higher suicide rates.
A new study found that night owls are more likely to develop diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and sarcopenia than early risers. Night owls tend to have poorer sleep quality and engage in unhealthy behaviors like smoking and late-night eating.
Researchers develop a novel way to apply drugs to dental plaque using nanoparticles that release antibacterial agents in response to acidic environments. This innovation has shown promising results in reducing the severity of cavities and promoting better oral health.
The ERS and ATS published a statement on the current state and future directions of COPD research, identifying key gaps in knowledge and recommending areas for future investigation. The statement highlights the importance of patient-centered outcomes and the need for high-quality surrogate outcomes to improve COPD diagnosis and treatment.
The National Science Foundation has announced 2015 Graduate Research Fellowship recipients, representing a diverse group of scientific disciplines and backgrounds. The awardees receive three years of financial support for graduate study leading to a research-based master's or doctoral degree.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have successfully integrated quantum teleportation circuits onto a photonic chip, overcoming scalability limitations. This breakthrough enables the development of ultra-high-speed quantum computers and strengthens communication security.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that older executives have higher crystallized intelligence, but lower fluid intelligence, which involves reasoning and problem-solving abilities. The researchers suggest that employers should be cautious when using tests of inductive reasoning to avoid age discrimination.
A new study provides experimental evidence that a drug inhibiting the EphB-signaling pathway effectively suppresses intestinal tumor development. The study suggests that this knowledge may lead to novel treatments for colorectal cancer patients.