A new study published in PNAS found that people who focus on the success of their peers are more likely to act selfishly in group decisions. This is because success-oriented individuals prioritize information about which behavior pays off best, leading to a greater likelihood of selfish actions.
A recent study found that approximately 1 in 5,000 young boys in the US have either Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. The disorders affect Hispanic boys more frequently than white or African-American boys. The research team's findings provide valuable information for healthcare professionals to better plan care for affected children.
A new study warns that the existing system of space-based rainfall observation satellites requires a serious overhaul due to weak spots in many developing countries. Replacing only two of the four satellites past their design life can help close data deficits considerably.
A study published in the Journal of Consumer Research found that ovulating women are more likely to choose multiple partners and products due to their increased fertility. This results in a greater variety seeking mindset, leading to a desire for new options in both personal relationships and consumer choices.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that female students, racial/ethnic minorities, and students of lower socioeconomic status are particularly affected by inadequate sleep. The proportion of adolescents who regularly get seven hours of sleep decreased among all groups between 1991 and 2012.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a breakthrough molecule, MCC950, that suppresses the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key process in inflammatory diseases. The discovery has significant implications for treating various conditions, including arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Muckle-Wells syndrome.
Scientists have discovered evidence of life pulling nitrogen out of the air and converting it into a form that could support larger communities, 3.2 billion years ago. This finding suggests that life on early Earth was more diverse than previously thought, with no nitrogen crisis to limit its growth.
Researchers found a simple fiber-rich diet to be nearly as effective as the American Heart Association (AHA) diet for weight loss and improving metabolic health. However, AHA diet's many rules may make adherence challenging for some. Meanwhile, clinical risk calculators seriously overestimate heart attack risk. Sore throats in young ad...
A University of Michigan-led study has found that penguins have lost the genes for the umami and bitter tastes, as well as a sweeter taste, which is puzzling given their diet of fish. The loss of these tastes likely occurred due to ancient climate-cooling events in Antarctica.
Duke researchers have identified the uhrf1 gene as a key regulator of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels, which are associated with inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The study found that loss of uhrf1 leads to increased TNF production, which can cause inflammation and damage to the digestive tract.
A large study found that hot flashes and night sweats lasted for more than 7 years in half of all midlife women, with African American women reporting the longest total VMS duration. Women with lower educational attainment, greater stress, and higher depressive symptoms experienced longer symptom durations.
Researchers developed a system to geolocate videos without textual metadata by comparing audiovisual content with a worldwide multimedia database. The algorithm accurately located 3% of videos within a ten-kilometre radius and 1% to one kilometre.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum scientists and colleagues identifies specific brain regions responsible for spatial memory. The researchers found that suppressing irrelevant activities improves spatial navigation accuracy.
Researchers at Yale University found a compound produced by the body during dieting or fasting can block an immune system part involved in several inflammatory disorders. The compound BHB directly inhibits NLRP3, driving inflammation in diseases like autoimmune disorders, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer
Researchers at North Carolina State University have synthesized a new material that efficiently converts mid-IR light into oscillating electrons, enabling applications in high-speed computing, solar energy, and biomedical devices.
A large-scale study by University of Southampton researchers has found that the agricultural development of a region in eastern China is ecologically unsustainable, with losses of ecosystem services and declining water quality. The study suggests that economic development has created a trade-off between gains in agricultural productivi...
Researchers at CWRU's Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences are studying how prenatal cocaine exposure affects young adults, with a focus on substance abuse and behavior issues. The four-year study will examine the effects of early cocaine exposure on cognitive development and adaptive functioning.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a novel single-step process to create three-dimensional (3D) texturing of graphene, increasing surface area. The 3D texturing enables expanded capabilities for electronics and biomaterials, including battery and supercapacitor applications.
A clinical trial found that mindfulness meditation improved sleep quality for older adults with moderate sleep disturbances, reducing symptoms of fatigue and depression. The study suggests that structured mindfulness meditation training may be a useful approach to addressing sleep problems in this population.
Researchers found that segments of human genome with low recombination rate carry a higher proportion of disease-enabling genetic mutations, which are eventually shuffled off through sexual reproduction. This discovery can help scientists identify and develop effective treatments for diseases.
Researchers developed a single-step synthesis method for nanographenes, overcoming limitations of existing methods. The new reaction enables precise control on the nanometer-scale, making it suitable for next-generation organic electronic devices.
A new frequency comb has been developed that can operate at higher powers and cover the 3-12 micron spectral range. This breakthrough is achieved through a quantum cascade laser-based solution, offering improved performance and potential applications in metrology, spectroscopy, and frequency synthesis.
Middle-aged women who engage in regular physical activity have lower risks of heart disease, stroke, and blood clots compared to inactive counterparts. Moderate physical activity levels appear to provide the greatest reduction in risk, with more frequent activity offering little additional benefit.
A national poll of parents found that half would support later school start times to allow teenagers to get more sleep, with benefits including reduced risks of obesity and depression. However, concerns about logistics and school budgets remain, with some parents worried about the impact on after-school activities and transportation.
Researchers develop new method to measure glass viscosity in just minutes, challenging current theories on glass formation. The discovery has practical implications for pharmaceuticals and OLED devices, offering greater thermal stability and longevity.
A new study reveals that securely attached infants and young children are less likely to develop social anxiety in their teens. The researchers found that a strong parent-child bond is crucial in preventing potential teen anxiety, particularly for boys.
A new study by OSU researchers found that 72% of students and 77% of faculty support the university's smoke-free policy, but secondhand smoke exposure remains an issue. The study also revealed that more than half of staff members and students reported encountering secondhand smoke near campus entrances.
New techniques using satellite-mounted cameras and microwave sensors can monitor large areas of the ocean, quickly identifying regions most at risk from increasing acidification. This approach offers remote monitoring and could lead to further development of satellite sensors in the coming years.
A new study found that organizational culture and climate are better predictors of the use of evidence-based practices than individual therapist characteristics. The study suggests that targeting organizational culture and climate changes may increase the use of effective therapy strategies.
The study suggests reintroducing dingoes to Sturt National Park in NSW, Australia, to control invasive predators and native herbivores that degrade rangeland. By monitoring the results, researchers hope to address a national and international issue of significant concern.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London found that regulating primary cilia length in stem cells can prevent the production of new fat cells. This study provides new insight into the regulation of fat cell formation and obesity, potentially leading to a new type of treatment called 'cilia-therapy'.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have identified Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 as an oncogenic enzyme crucial to the survival of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells. Inhibiting this molecule has been shown to effectively shut down ATC cell growth and induce cell death.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that the period between final cancer treatment and first post-treatment checkup is a critical time for healthy lifestyle changes. Family members expressed strong intentions to engage in health-promoting behaviors, but also reported high levels of emotional distress.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a link between gene mutations in the IDH gene and the formation of benign cartilage tumors that can evolve into cancerous chondrosarcomas. The study provides insights into the potential development of new treatments using drugs designed to block IDH function.
A partnership between a cognitive scientist and an environmental scientist has enhanced high school students' learning of basic spatial reasoning, as well as solving complex problems involving climate change and other STEM subjects. The program uses computer-based layered maps to facilitate visualization and reasoning.
Scientists at Monash University have made a major breakthrough in understanding how the brain adapts to vision loss by discovering a second pathway for visual information. This new pathway, through the pulvinar area of the brain, plays a crucial role in rerouting visual information following injury or trauma.
A new approach to cardiovascular prevention is needed, integrating cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention. Fewer than half of coronary patients receive benefits from cardiac rehabilitation and preventive care.
A survey by TUM found that two-thirds of Germans support democratic management, with employees seeking more autonomy in work life. However, managers believe implementing such systems is challenging.
Science China Materials is an international peer-reviewed journal covering all aspects of materials science, fostering communication of innovative research results. The journal aims to develop into a world-leading academic journal of materials science, benefiting from Springer's international publishing platform.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that four out of five widely used clinical calculators significantly overestimate the likelihood of a heart attack. The researchers found that these algorithms calculate heart attack probability using factors such as gender, age, smoking history, and cholesterol levels, but may not accurate...
Researchers discovered corannulene's potential as a material for future electronic devices due to its easily accessible energy levels. The molecule can form a tunneling effect when connected in a row, making it suitable for constructing molecular circuits.
Researchers found that certain bacterial DNA can be passed from mother to child, affecting traits such as immunity and inflammation. This discovery suggests a new factor in understanding how genes influence illness and health.
Researchers found impaired energy metabolism in Mfn2-deficient cells due to reduced coenzyme Q levels. Supplementing with coenzyme Q partially restored respiratory chain function, suggesting a potential treatment for patients with Mitofusin 2 deficiency diseases.
Scientists have identified a rapid increase in atmospheric concentrations of dichloromethane, a man-made substance contributing to ozone depletion. This discovery threatens the recovery of the Ozone Layer, which is still recovering from CFCs.
A Duke University study found that rural Indian healthcare providers frequently misdiagnose and mistreat childhood diarrhea and pneumonia. The study revealed that even providers with formal medical training were likely to prescribe unnecessary antibiotics or other potentially harmful drugs.
Research by University of Southampton and Solent NHS Trust found no long-term effect of higher fees on mental health. Students paying lower fees showed greater symptoms of alcohol dependence, possibly due to higher disposable income.
Researchers discovered that complex nerve-cell signaling genes evolved over 600 million years ago in the common ancestor of humans and sea anemones. This finding suggests that many mechanisms controlling electrical impulses in neurons were not present in the earliest nervous systems.
A study of over 1,600 older adults found that those in long-term marriages have a slight rebound in sexual frequency after 50 years. In contrast, remarried individuals have less frequent sex. Despite this, marriage order does not affect physical pleasure or emotional satisfaction.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have identified a new therapeutic target in ovarian clear cell carcinoma, a difficult-to-treat subtype of ovarian cancer. EZH2 inhibition causes regression of ovarian tumors with ARID1A mutation, providing a much-needed therapeutic strategy for clear cell ovarian cancer.
A study from the University at Buffalo School of Management analyzed surveys and interviews with Mumbai Police officers involved in the response to terrorist attacks. The researchers found that first responders who received timely information access made better decisions, while those without proper training were less effective. To impr...
A study by Menashe Bar-Eli and colleagues found that a lack of RNA editing contributes to melanoma tumor growth and metastasis by manipulating proteins. The researchers identified a previously unknown target for CREB, a transcription factor involved in melanoma development.
Genetic analysis reveals penguins have lost three basic tastes over evolutionary time, leaving them with only salty and sour flavors. Their unique tongue structure and behavior of swallowing food whole may be adaptations to their environment.
Researchers have identified a molecular chaperone that can break the critical cycle leading to Alzheimer's disease. The molecule, Brichos, inhibits secondary nucleation, preventing the formation of toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils, which are hallmark of the disease.
A new study by Duke University found that millions of African Americans who migrated from the rural South to urban areas during the 20th century experienced a significant increase in mortality rates. The study attributed this increase to unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking, which were more prevalent in cities.
Researchers are excavating an ancient graveyard in Italy to uncover the history of cholera, hoping to find DNA clues about its evolution. The site contains victims from the 1850s epidemic and provides a thousand-year window into the health of a village.
A survey by Pew Research Center in collaboration with AAAS found that 87% of scientists believe they should take an active role in public policy debates. Scientists use various methods to connect with the public, including social media and blogging, with 47% using social media to talk about science or read about scientific developments.
A study by Cecilia Aragon at the University of Washington found that bilingual speakers increase their use of emoticons when chatting in a non-native language, mirroring face-to-face communication patterns. This suggests that bilinguals are adapting online communication to their cultural norms.
Researchers identified key features that make tweets more likely to get attention, including using words like 'please' and being informative. The study's algorithm predicted tweet popularity more accurately than human observers, with potential applications in longer forms of discourse.
A team of astronomers used ALMA to study a star-forming region in the Sculptor Galaxy, revealing that it is much more massive and dense than similar regions in normal spiral galaxies. This suggests that starburst galaxies are better at forming stars due to their unique stellar nurseries.
Researchers from Ohio State University and the University of Georgia collaborate to visualize cellular processes at a nanometer scale. The QSTORM project aims to enhance microscopy resolution for sub-cellular imaging, enabling scientists to make molecular movies of muscle contraction.