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Science News Archive 2015 - Page 360


Page 360 of 402

NUS pioneers novel strategy to prevent progression of inflammation-associated cancers

A team of NUS researchers developed a novel strategy to prevent inflammation-associated cancers by targeting the interaction between FAT10 and MAD2. This approach facilitates the development of cancer drugs with fewer side effects, as it targets specific pathological functions without affecting other physiological functions.

SourceNational University of Singapore·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateFeb 13, 2015

Review article provides evidence on the biological nature of gender identity

The review article presents a comprehensive analysis of scientific evidence supporting the biological etiology of gender identity in transgender individuals. Research findings include associations with disorders of sexual development, neuroanatomical differences, and steroid hormone genetics.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalEndocrine Practice·DateFeb 13, 2015

What is successful aging? Gerontologists strive to build consensus

Researchers in The Gerontologist explore successful aging across demographics and cultures, highlighting social and cultural factors that impact physical health and psychological well-being. The study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of successful aging and inform policy and healthcare services.

SourceThe Gerontological Society of America·JournalThe Gerontologist·DateFeb 13, 2015
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Interstellar technology throws light on spinning black holes

Researchers used computer code to generate images of wormholes and black holes, discovering multiple images of stars and galaxies near rapidly spinning black holes. This technology has implications for astrophysicists studying black holes and the behavior of light in extreme environments.

SourceIOP Publishing·JournalClassical and Quantum Gravity·DateFeb 13, 2015

In the quantum world, the future affects the past

Physicist Kater Murch's experiment combines information about a quantum system's evolution before and after a target time to narrow the odds of correctly guessing its state. The 'hindsight' prediction is 90% accurate, suggesting that time runs both backward and forward in the quantum world.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateFeb 13, 2015

Children's heart disease topics: Brain injury, radiation exposure, CPR and more

Research at Cardiology 2015 Conference highlights key findings on brain injury in infants with critical congenital heart disease, reduced radiation exposure in pediatric cardiac cath procedures, improved survival rates with goal-directed CPR, and no link found between pre-operative enteral feeding and NEC in newborn cardiac surgery.

SourceChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia·DateFeb 13, 2015
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

BGRF announces in silico method to predict effectiveness of cognitive enhancers

The Biogerontology Research Foundation has developed an in silico method to predict the effectiveness of cognitive enhancers. The research uses gene expression data to evaluate activated or suppressed signalling pathways in the brain. This approach can help identify potential geroprotectors that also enhance cognitive function.

SourceBiogerontology Research Foundation·JournalFrontiers in Systems Neuroscience·DateFeb 13, 2015

Silver-glass sandwich structure acts as inexpensive color filter

Researchers at Northwestern University developed a technique to transform silver into any color of the rainbow using a 'sandwich-like' structure. By adjusting the glass thickness, different colors can be produced. The filter also acts as an absorber for specific wavelengths, making it suitable for optoelectric devices.

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalACS Photonics·DateFeb 13, 2015

Would you take dieting advice from a friend?

Researcher Lora Cavuoto's study found that people who achieve weight loss or wellness success are more likely to influence their friends, while charismatic but unsuccessful individuals have a lower impact. This approach is taking precedence in new diet and exercise programs.

SourceUniversity at Buffalo·JournalJournal of Healthcare Engineering·DateFeb 13, 2015

People value resources more consistently when they are scarce

A study published in Psychological Science found that when resources are scarce, people evaluate goods in a more stable and consistent way. High-income participants were willing to pay more for luxury items if it meant making trade-offs, whereas lower-income participants were less sensitive to price differences.

SourceAssociation for Psychological Science·JournalPsychological Science·DateFeb 12, 2015
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

A brain system that appears to compensate for autism, OCD, and dyslexia

Research proposes that a brain system called declarative memory compensates for autism, OCD, and dyslexia by providing strategies to overcome learning difficulties. This compensation allows individuals to learn scripts for social situations and control tics and compulsions.

SourceGeorgetown University Medical Center·JournalNeuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews·DateFeb 12, 2015

Dogs know that smile on your face

Researchers found that dogs could distinguish between emotional expressions in humans, even with unfamiliar faces. The dogs' discriminatory abilities were tested in four types of trials, including novel faces and previously trained faces.

SourceCell Press·JournalCurrent Biology·DateFeb 12, 2015
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Screen name matters in the online dating game

Choosing a screen name with a letter starting in the top half of the alphabet can maximise online dating success. A 70:30 ratio of who you are and what you're looking for is also key, while humour, physical fitness, and genuine profiles can increase likability. Men and women have different preferences when it comes to names and traits.

SourceBMJ Group·JournalEvidence-Based Medicine·DateFeb 12, 2015

NSF@AAAS

NSF staff and scientists present findings on gender in STEM policy, practice and research, as well as graduate science education and broader impacts of research. The session includes discussions on reducing the gender gap, innovative pathways to science careers and strategies for effective broader impacts work.

SourceU.S. National Science Foundation·DateFeb 12, 2015

An ocean of plastic

A new study by the NCEAS Marine Debris Working Group estimates that over 4.8 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the world's oceans from land annually, with a possible maximum of 12.7 million metric tons.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalScience·DateFeb 12, 2015
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

'Megadrought' likely for western US by end of century

A new report by Cornell University and NASA researchers warns of a high risk of megadrought in the Southwest and Great Plains by late this century. The study suggests that reducing greenhouse gas emissions within the next 10 years could mitigate this risk.

SourceCornell University·JournalScience Advances·DateFeb 12, 2015

Researchers design 'evolutionary trap' to thwart drug resistance

A new approach, called an evolutionary trap, steers cells into one evolutionary path while shutting off others, then knocks out the cell population for good. The strategy may be applied to various clinical scenarios where drug resistance is a problem.

SourceStowers Institute for Medical Research·JournalCell·DateFeb 12, 2015

Scientists tackle issue of how to get a first date in a digital world

Researchers at Queen Mary University of London analyzed over 4000 studies on online dating to provide dos and don'ts for a successful first date. They found that choosing an attractive profile name and using certain words in a headline message can increase interest, while avoiding complex language and being genuine is key.

SourceQueen Mary University of London·JournalEvidence-Based Medicine·DateFeb 12, 2015
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Gold nanotubes launch a three-pronged attack on cancer cells

Researchers have developed gold nanotubes that can selectively destroy cancer cells while imaging tumors, using near-infrared light to convert to heat. The technique has the potential to enhance conventional treatments with minimal toxicity.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateFeb 12, 2015

The neural basis of 'being in the mood'

A study in female mice reveals the brain region where hormonal state and social interaction are integrated, providing insights into human attraction and rejection behaviors. The researchers found that neurons dedicated to socio-sexual behavior were active only when females were receptive to males.

SourceJLM&A, SA·JournalCurrent Biology·DateFeb 12, 2015

Here's looking at you

Researchers found that dogs can discriminate between happy and angry human faces, even when only showing the eye region. Dogs trained to choose happy faces mastered the task faster than those trained to choose angry faces, suggesting they use stored memories to recognize emotions.

SourceUniversity of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna·JournalCurrent Biology·DateFeb 12, 2015
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

New film footage reveals potential 'killer blow' to King Richard III

Researchers have discovered that three of King Richard III's injuries had the potential to cause death quickly, including two to the skull and one to the pelvis. The forensic analysis used modern techniques such as CT scans and micro-CT imaging to analyze trauma to the skeleton and determine which wounds might have proved fatal.

SourceUniversity of Leicester·JournalThe Lancet·DateFeb 12, 2015
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Curious monkeys share our thirst for knowledge

Researchers found that rhesus macaques were willing to give up a significant portion of a potential prize to quickly find out if they selected the winning option in a game of chance. The study suggests that the brain's Orbitofrontal cortex plays a crucial role in processing curiosity and evaluating rewards.

SourceUniversity of Rochester·JournalNeuron·DateFeb 12, 2015

Exotic states materialize with supercomputers

Researchers at MIT and UT Austin create a new class of materials for quantum spin Hall effect, enabling potential electronic devices with low losses. They used Stampede and Lonestar supercomputers to model the interactions of atoms in these novel materials, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Austin, Texas Advanced Computing Center·JournalScience·DateFeb 12, 2015

Ebola virus may have been present in West Africa long before 2014 outbreak

Researchers found evidence of prior exposure to Ebola virus among patients with Lassa fever in Sierra Leone between 2011-2014. The discovery suggests that the deadly disease may have been circulating in the area for years before the 2014 outbreak, sparking hope for prevention and control strategies.

SourceMary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News·JournalViral Immunology·DateFeb 12, 2015

Plant-based diet may reduce obese children's risk of heart disease

A recent study by Cleveland Clinic found that a plant-based vegan diet can significantly improve cardiovascular risks in obese children, including lower BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. The study suggests that such diets may be more effective than the American Heart Association diet in reducing heart disease risk.

SourceCleveland Clinic·JournalThe Journal of Pediatrics·DateFeb 12, 2015
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Microbes prevent malnutrition in fruit flies -- and maybe humans, too

A study by scientists from Scripps Research Institute found that certain microbes promote nutritional harvest in fruit flies, rescuing their health and longevity when fed nutrient-poor diets. This natural symbiosis may offer a new strategy to treat and prevent malnutrition in humans.

SourceScripps Research Institute·JournalCell Reports·DateFeb 12, 2015

Large numbers of teenage girls experience sexual coercion in relationships

A study of over 4,500 children in England found that more than four in ten teenage schoolgirls have experienced sexual coercion, with many reporting pressure to have sex and physical attacks from their boyfriends. The research also highlighted a high proportion of boys who regularly view pornography and harbor negative attitudes toward...

SourceUniversity of Bristol·DateFeb 12, 2015

Live assessment of blood formation

Researchers have developed a revolutionary model to study hematopoiesis in living organisms, revealing that at least one-third of blood stem cells produce differentiated progenitor cells. The study also shows that mature blood cells are supplied by first progenitor cells that regenerate themselves over time.

SourceGerman Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ)·JournalNature·DateFeb 12, 2015

Earliest-known arboreal and subterranean ancestral mammals discovered

Two 160 million-year-old fossils of Agilodocodon scansorius and Docofossor brachydactylus provide evidence of early mammalian ecological diversity. These ancient mammals had adaptations for arboreal and subterranean lifestyles, suggesting genetic mechanisms operated long before modern mammals.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Medical Center·JournalScience·DateFeb 12, 2015
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Data-storage for eternity

Researchers have developed a new method to store large volumes of data using DNA and silica, which can potentially survive for over a million years. The technique uses an algorithm to correct errors and encases the information-bearing segments of DNA in silica, providing a robust storage solution.

SourceETH Zurich·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·DateFeb 12, 2015

Spontaneous activity shapes neuron development

Research from King's College London found that spontaneous release of neurotransmitter glutamate causes neurons to branch and connect with each other, enabling the formation of synapses. This process plays a crucial role in regulating electrical signals through the brain.

SourceKing's College London·JournalCell Reports·DateFeb 12, 2015

Instructional DVD reduces MRI scan patients' anxiety and improves scan quality

A DVD designed to help people prepare for an MRI scan led to a significant reduction in anxious patients and improved scan quality. The study found that the DVD helped patients feel less anxious and more confident about taking the scan, leading to more successful scans and better patient outcomes.

SourceBritish Psychological Society·JournalBritish Journal of Health Psychology·DateFeb 12, 2015
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Dehydration linked to worsening stroke conditions

Research presented at American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2015 found that dehydration worsens stroke conditions. Almost half of ischemic stroke patients were dehydrated when admitted to the hospital, with hydrated patients experiencing better recovery outcomes and lower risk of worsening conditions.

SourceAmerican Heart Association·DateFeb 12, 2015

Light in the Moebius strip

Scientists generate Moebius strip from laser light to process materials and manipulate microparticles, opening up new possibilities for nanotechnology. The optical tool could also be used to guide nanoparticles on complex paths using optical tweezers.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalScience·DateFeb 12, 2015

JMD publishes article on laboratory perspective of incidental findings reporting

The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics published a Special Article on laboratory perspective of incidental findings reporting, highlighting the need for increased understanding and transparency of complex genomic testing. The AMP Incidental Findings Working Group recommends laboratories establish clear policies for delivering ancillary i...

SourceAssociation for Molecular Pathology·JournalJournal of Molecular Diagnostics·DateFeb 12, 2015

Ebola has lessons for local health departments' role in health crises

A recent article highlights the importance of local health departments' roles in responding to global health security threats posed by infectious diseases. Key findings include the need for dedicated staff to interpret federal guidance, form partnerships with healthcare coalitions, and communicate accurate risk information. The Ebola e...

SourceWolters Kluwer Health·JournalJournal of Public Health Management and Practice·DateFeb 12, 2015
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Warming pushes Western US toward driest period in 1,000 years

A new study predicts that the Western US will face persistent drought worse than any seen in the past 1,000 years, driven by human-induced global warming. The region's larger population and increased resource use will exacerbate the devastating impacts of such a drying period.

SourceColumbia Climate School·JournalScience Advances·DateFeb 12, 2015

Middle-aged men at highest risk of suicide after breathing poor air

A new study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter increases the risk of suicide among middle-aged men. The study also revealed that individuals between 36-64 years old experienced a higher risk of suicide following air pollution exposure.

SourceUniversity of Utah Health·JournalAmerican Journal of Epidemiology·DateFeb 12, 2015

Research defines more behaviors that reveal romantic attraction

Researchers found that people with different flirting styles show attraction in ways that match their style. Sincere flirts are attentive and less fidgety, while traditional flirts lean into interactions and adopt open body postures. Physical flirts offer fewer compliments when attracted to a romantic match.

SourceUniversity of Kansas·JournalJournal of Nonverbal Behavior·DateFeb 12, 2015
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Critical green turtle habitats identified in Mediterranean

A new study has identified two major foraging grounds of the Mediterranean green turtle and recommends the creation of a new Marine Protected Area to preserve the vulnerable species. The researchers tracked 34 female turtles from breeding grounds in Cyprus, Turkey, Israel, and Syria over 8,521 tracking days.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalDiversity and Distributions·DateFeb 12, 2015

Moffitt physicians promote screening strategies for those at high-risk for melanoma

Experts suggest that targeted screening programs for middle-aged and older patients using newer diagnostic tools could significantly reduce melanoma mortality rates. Studies in Australia and Germany have shown a substantial decrease in melanoma-related deaths after implementing comprehensive skin cancer screening programs.

SourceH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute·JournalJAMA·DateFeb 12, 2015

Study finds lack of ID checks for buying cigarettes in NYC

A study by NYU Steinhardt School found that over a quarter of New York City retailers did not request identification from young adults buying cigarettes. Chain stores were more likely to comply with minimum age laws than independent vendors.

SourceNew York University·JournalTobacco Control·DateFeb 12, 2015

New Science paper calculates magnitude of plastic waste going into the ocean

A new study estimates that between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tons of plastic enter the world's oceans every year, with a midpoint estimate of 8 million metric tons. The research, published in Science, used a complex model to analyze data from 192 coastal countries and highlights the need for improved waste management systems worldwide.

SourceUniversity of Georgia·JournalScience·DateFeb 12, 2015
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.