The UN Climate Summit should prioritize guidelines and incentives for developing nations to cooperate on low-carbon energy projects. Chinese firms' significant involvement in coal power plants globally threatens the summit's goal, highlighting the need for expanded cooperation.
Researchers developed a graphene broadband detector that reacts rapidly to incident light and works at room temperature. The device can synchronize laser pulses with high accuracy, enabling precise measurements at room temperature.
British parents prioritize family ties over musical achievement, unlike American parents who associate music with educational success. UK parents view playing an instrument as a way to forge family cohesion and value music as a family tradition.
Researchers have successfully implemented time-of-flight PET scanning technology, reducing the radiation dose for cancer patients and staff by up to 30%. This has allowed an additional 100 scans per year at Central Manchester University Hospitals.
Researchers have optimized a novel wall-less Hall thruster design, suitable for long-duration deep space missions. The new design enables scientists to observe hidden plasma regions, facilitating investigation of plasma instability and anomalous electron transport.
Researchers at WSU will collaborate with Botanisol to study TAI-LCx, a newly identified active component of turmeric, and develop better means to isolate it. Early research showed TAI-LCx to be effective at reducing inflammation using biologic pathways different from NSAIDs.
A new study published in Pediatric Exercise Science found that both weight and physical activity levels matter when it comes to children's cognitive abilities. Children who were lean and active scored better on cognitive tests than their lean, inactive or overweight, inactive peers.
Reducing added sugar consumption can reverse chronic metabolic diseases in children, including high cholesterol and blood pressure, within 10 days. The study shows that sugar is metabolically harmful due to its effects on the body, not its calories.
Two new studies show that increased use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may contribute to the CKD epidemic. PPI users were between 20% and 50% more likely to develop CKD than non-PPI users, even after accounting for baseline differences.
A new technique developed by Polish scientists uses geometric morphometry to identify the European corn borer by analyzing the arrangement of veins in its wings. The method achieved an accuracy of 97% and has the potential to be used by farmers to control the pest at optimal times.
Researchers have developed an intestinal patch device containing insulin that can be swallowed as a capsule, demonstrating efficacy in managing blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The patches showed excellent mucoadhesive strength and released insulin within five hours, reducing blood glucose levels significantly.
NASA's RapidScat detected moderately high winds over a broad area in the Gulf of Mexico, with sustained winds near 40 mph/64 kph, just south of Louisiana. The hybrid system's cloud cover extended from Florida to Louisiana and into the Mid-Atlantic States.
Researchers at Neiker-Tecnalia have identified a set of microalgae species that produce high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other omega-3-type polyunsaturated fatty acids. These compounds are considered indispensable for health and are widely recognized as beneficial additives to diets.
Italian scientists discover higher blood levels of zonulin in patients with non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), suggesting a role for the protein in developing these conditions. The findings may lead to new treatment strategies for NCGS and IBS.
Researchers found that adding a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) to an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) did not improve asthma control in black adults, contradicting national treatment recommendations. Genetic variants were also not associated with differential responses to therapy.
Scientists at Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute have discovered that a small shift in environmental factors can change how a cell in the immune system matures. They examined how interleukin-15 influences gene expression patterns in T helper cells, finding that it promotes a different kind of immune response similar to decreased...
A large study found that high-grade DCIS detection rates increase with age, particularly among women over 65. The study suggests that standard DCIS therapy may not be effective in this age group and highlights the need for more research on the effectiveness of screening.
Vulnerable populations face dire consequences from snake bites, with millions dying or maimed due to inadequate treatment and affordability issues. The head of the Australian Venom Research Unit argues for urgent international action to strengthen regulatory agencies and increase access to effective antivenoms.
A RAND Corporation study suggests that planned military drawdowns could harm service member diversity, particularly for women and minority groups. The study warns of potential adverse effects on recruitment and retention strategies.
A University of California, Irvine study found that oxytocin increases production of anandamide, a neurotransmitter associated with happiness and motivation. Blocking anandamide's effects also blocks oxytocin's pro-social effects, suggesting a connection between the two hormones.
Researchers developed a CRISPR/Cas9 approach to study and model cancer development in mice, uncovering cancer-causing roles and combinations of genes. The method enabled the identification of genes influencing liver and bile duct cancer development.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that young women under 55 are 11% less likely to report being told they are at-risk for heart disease before a heart attack. The study analyzed data from over 3,500 patients and found that women were also less likely to receive preventative therapy.
A recent study by Carnegie Institution for Science found that elephants are responsible for a high tree-fall rate in Kruger, driven by population density and fire frequency. The research used LiDAR technology to map millions of trees across the reserve, providing insights into ecosystem management and conservation.
Researchers found that coconut rhinoceros beetles were breeding in the crowns of coconut trees on Guam, with all life stages present. This unusual behavior is attributed to the loss of birds and rats due to brown treesnake predation, which normally feeds on larvae in this habitat.
A study found that firms expecting increased productivity through partner programs may fail due to feelings of indebtedness, causing suppliers to avoid the supplier. To enhance performance, suppliers should aim to prevent channel partners from feeling indebted and provide benefits creating feelings of gratitude.
Researchers have identified growth differentiation factor 10 (GDF10) as a molecule that promotes brain cell formation of new connections after a stroke. The discovery may lead to the development of a treatment to enhance brain repair and functional recovery in people who have suffered a stroke.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have identified two genes vital for hair cell production in young mice. Altering these proteins' expression can induce new hair cells in matured utricles, providing a potential target for regenerating lost sensors in humans.
The study found that the glacial ice covering New England's highest peaks was unable to erode the rock below, preserving the landscape in a fossil state. The contrast between stable summit landscapes and adjacent valleys deeply eroded by glacial ice contributed to the development of northern Appalachian topography.
Researchers have identified four microRNAs that play critical roles in controlling cholesterol and triglyceride levels, including miR-128-1 and miR-148a. These microRNAs regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism and may hold promise for treating cardiovascular disease.
NYU researchers have developed a new game-based online simulation training program called ALIVE, which helps firefighters understand how to fight modern residential fires and minimize their cardiovascular risk. The training module is funded by a $1.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
Researchers found that intense attacks from packs of large carnivores, including lions and sabertooth cats, helped keep herbivore populations in check. This study challenges the long-held assumption that mammoths, mastodons, and giant ground sloths were limited by reproductive timing due to resource scarcity.
Rice University scientists have developed a nanofiber hydrogel infused with snake venom that can stop bleeding within seconds, even in the presence of anti-coagulants. The material, called SB50, has great potential to treat surgical bleeding in patients taking heparin or other anti-coagulant drugs.
The study analyzed data from 10 US stroke centers and found that treatment of post-thrombolysis brain hemorrhage did not significantly reduce mortality or hematoma expansion. Shortening the time to diagnosis and treatment may be key to improving outcomes.
The IsoView light sheet microscope produces high-resolution images of entire organisms in all three dimensions at sub-second temporal resolution and sub-cellular spatial resolution. This breakthrough enables scientists to monitor brain activity, track cell movement, and study developmental processes with unprecedented clarity.
Researchers found that ischemic stroke in young adults who use marijuana is more likely to be caused by intracranial arterial stenosis due to a buildup of plaque. This condition was found in 45% of marijuana users, compared to 14% of non-users.
Silicon-based lithium-ion batteries with a 40-60% increase in energy density could power smartphones up to 500 km without recharging. The eco-friendly technology reduces battery weight and enhances vehicle performance.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new adhesive material inspired by spider glue, with potential applications in creating environmentally non-toxic and energy-conserving products. The study revealed that ultraviolet rays play an important role in the performance of spider glue.
A new study from Arizona State University found that when men express anger, they are perceived as more credible and influential, whereas angry women are seen as more emotional and less confident. The research has implications for women's ability to exert influence in various settings, including politics and the workplace.
Researchers have developed a new method to create an artificial sense of touch through direct brain stimulation, which could lead to the development of advanced prosthetic limbs. The study, led by Sliman Bensmaia, has identified key characteristics of electrical signals that trigger specific sensations in the brain.
The study analyzed past large-mammal extinctions in North and South America to understand their long-lasting ecosystem impacts. Researchers found that the disappearance of mammoths and mastodons led to changes in vegetation, decreased small mammal diversity, and altered landscape dynamics.
Biologists at SDSU discovered that fruit flies with two muscle protein mutations have nearly three-quarters of the myosin protein function restored, compared to those with a single mutation. This finding suggests a new view of human heart disease and potential treatments.
A Purdue University-led team observed an unexpected phase transition between two different phase categories in an ultrapure material. The transition was made possible by extreme pressures and temperatures, allowing electrons to exhibit unusual behavior.
The discovery of artemisinin revolutionized malaria treatment, with approximately 22% of averted clinical cases attributed to artemisinin combination therapies. Artemisinin was discovered in the 1970s and has had a significant impact on public health, human productivity, and scientific research.
A study by the University of Exeter found that female insects are more likely to have multiple partners in colder climates and prefer monogamy in hotter conditions. The research suggests that an individual's genes play a significant role in determining their mating behavior.
Research found that one in 50 citations in top immunology journals were critical in nature, criticizing specific sections or limitations. Negative citations came from close academics but at a significant distance geographically, highlighting social cost of criticism.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have discovered a mechanism that could lead to better ovarian cancer treatment by targeting chemoresistance. The RGS10 protein impacts the effectiveness of chemotherapy, and manipulating its expression can improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers used a new process to model planetary formation, showing that rocky planets grow from pebbles, resulting in the massive differences between Earth and Mars. The VSPA model explains why Mars is smaller than expected by suggesting that aerodynamic drag prevents pebbles from colliding with objects near the Red Planet.
Scientists at Umeå University have made a breakthrough discovery in extracting molecules from wood using enzymes that can function in switchable ionic liquids. The development opens up new possibilities for the production of biofuels and other industrial products.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that the average total cost for deceased patients with dementia was $287,038 in the last five years of life, significantly higher than those who died from other causes. Out-of-pocket spending for dementia patients was 81% higher.
Two new studies published in JAMA Internal Medicine suggest that doctors should work together with patients to de-intensify treatment for high blood pressure or diabetes in older people. In some cases, stopping or cutting back on medications can be safer than continuing treatment due to the risk of low blood pressure and sugar levels.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that young women with ST-elevation myocardial infarction have higher rates of in-hospital mortality, longer hospital stays, and are less likely to receive life-saving angioplasty and stenting procedures compared to men.
Scientists have found a strong correlation between the concentration of toxic algae Pseudo-nitzschia and the number of young right whale deaths at Peninsula Valdes. The study suggests that the algae's potent neurotoxin domoic acid may be causing non-lethal effects that affect survival.
A University of Cincinnati-led team uncovered a rare, intact Bronze Age warrior's tomb dating back to around 1500 B.C., filled with gold cups, jewelry, and bronze weaponry. The find is significant as it may have belonged to a powerful figure who helped shape the Mycenaean culture.
Scientists have created a highly specific chemical probe that switches off two important proteins implicated in cancer cell proliferation. The probe, CCT251545, selectively binds to CDK8 and CDK19, blocking the WNT signalling pathway and providing new insights into their role in driving cancer growth.
Two infants buried in Alaska, 11,500 years ago, share genetic material with Native Americans in North and South America. The study supports the Beringian standstill model, suggesting that Native Americans descended from Asian migrants who spent time in Beringia before moving to the Americas.
The National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center has tapped Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to support its program. PNNL will contribute advanced computer modeling and simulation capabilities to analyze vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure sectors such as dams, water, transportation, energy, and information...
Researchers discovered that intrinsic neural connections can be used to help the blind detect their environment, making tasks easier and more intuitive. The study used a sensory substitution device to translate images into sound, allowing blind people to associate different sounds with features of their environment.
NASA's RapidScat instrument gathered wind speed and direction data on the storm's remnants over the western Gulf of Mexico. The data showed strongest sustained winds near 80.5 mph/129.6 kph north and west of the center, contributing to heavy rainfall and flash flooding in Texas and other Gulf Coast states.
Researchers discovered that Siberian jays can identify fine-scale differences in kinship to other individuals, even those who are unfamiliar before settling into a group. This ability is linked to their cooperative behavior, particularly when sharing food at carcasses of large herbivores.
A statewide shaken baby prevention effort implemented in 2007 reduced crying-related calls to a nurse advice line by 20% for children under 3 months and 12% for those ages 3-12 months. However, the study found no association between the intervention and state-level rates of abusive head trauma.