A new preservation system that uses machine perfusion keeps livers healthier for up to nine hours before transplantation, leading to better liver function and increased survival rates. The system has shown promising results in animal studies, with 100% of pigs surviving after receiving perfused livers.
The Rosetta mission provided the closest-ever look at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, revealing its structure, surface features, and composition. The study helps scientists understand how comets form and evolve over time.
The study found that up to 1% of UK children have coeliac disease blood markers, with diagnoses rising by 39% in boys and doubling in girls between 1993 and 2012. Children from less well-off backgrounds are half as likely to be diagnosed with the condition.
A University of Michigan study found that fans and consumers separate an athlete's immoral behavior from their athletic performance more easily. This led to a less severe backlash for Tiger Woods' extramarital affairs compared to Lance Armstrong's doping scandal.
The study analyzed approximately 20,000 protein coding genes in humans, revealing almost half are expressed ubiquitously across tissues. It also showed that 70% of approved pharmaceutical drugs target either secreted or membrane-bound proteins.
A study at Brown University found that reducing Myc gene activity increased the healthy lifespan of laboratory mice by 15%. The mice exhibited better health and organ function, with reduced signs of aging. The study's findings offer encouragement for developing cancer drugs targeting Myc and potential benefits for human health.
A new checklist from Australian doctors aims to prompt frank discussions about end-of-life care and minimize futile treatments. The CriSTAL tool assesses 29 predictors of death in elderly patients, helping healthcare professionals recognize the inevitability of death and provide more appropriate services.
Researchers found that mosquitoes respond weakly to human skin odor alone and require a fluctuating concentration of carbon dioxide to land on human skin. This suggests that upwind flight towards human odor may be used to locate dwellings rather than feeding sites.
New research from Duke University finds that low-income boys exhibit more antisocial behavior when living among affluent neighbors, while girls do not show a similar effect. The study suggests that neighborhood surroundings play a significant role in shaping the behavior of low-income children.
A new study found that climate variability historically accounts for one-third of yield variability for maize, rice, wheat, and soybeans worldwide. The equivalent of 36 million metric tons of food is lost each year due to climate-related crop yield fluctuations.
Forensic entomologists have discovered that scorpionflies and noctuid caterpillars interact with human cadavers, offering new insights into decomposition ecology. These findings may assist in determining postmortem intervals and interpreting postmortem artefacts.
Phishers use information-rich emails with graphics, logos, and brand markers to create a sense of social presence, reducing distrust and provoking heuristic processing. This study found that such messages triggered a victimization rate of 68% among participants.
Research reveals that a balanced gut bacterial community is crucial for digestive health, and the immune system plays a key role in shaping this balance. Fecal transplants may also offer new hope for treating IBD by restoring a healthy gut microbiome.
Researchers discovered a protein in E. coli that inhibits the accumulation of toxic amyloids, a key feature of Parkinson's disease. The finding could lead to a new therapeutic approach for treating Parkinson's.
A Stanford study found that nearly 20% of very-low-birth-weight babies in California were not referred to the state's high-risk infant follow-up program. Larger neonatal intensive care units and referrals were more common among premature or medically fragile infants.
Researchers found that stars beyond our solar system produce gold and uranium less frequently than expected, challenging current theories. The study analyzed deep-sea core samples, revealing a significant discrepancy in the abundance of plutonium isotope Pu-244.
The Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science at UT Dallas sponsors Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) projects on software safety and surface engineering, providing students with $500/week stipends and state-of-the-art research experience. Participants often pursue advanced degrees and careers in STEM fields.
Researchers examined 50 years of sleep research to investigate whether improving sleep early in life can delay or reverse age-related changes in memory and thinking. The findings suggest that sleeping well in middle age predicted better mental functioning 28 years later.
Researchers predict that up to one in three Bornean mammal species will lose 30% or more of their habitat by 2080 due to deforestation and climate change. A targeted conservation approach, focusing on higher-elevation reserves, can mitigate this threat and safeguard biodiversity hotspots.
Scientists report early measurements of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko's subsurface temperature and gas production from the European Space Agency's Rosetta Mission. The team used NASA's Microwave Instrument on the Rosetta Orbiter to study heat transport, outgassing, and coma development.
Researchers tracked jellyfish movements with GPS loggers and observed their swimming direction to show they can actively swim counter-current in response to drift. The findings could help predict and avoid troublesome jellyfish blooms, improving management of these ocean ecosystems.
Two deadly viruses, hepatitis C and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, were found to target common host proteins that are critical for human biology. By studying protein interactions between viruses and cells, scientists have identified potential new targets for anti-viral treatments.
A study found that transoral fundoplication was more effective in eliminating troublesome regurgitation than omeprazole in patients with persistent GERD symptoms. The procedure showed a lower failure rate and better safety profile compared to traditional surgery, making it a promising treatment option.
A study of over 1,000 Spanish teenagers reveals that 83% have fallen victim to at least one form of violence during their lives, with cyber-bullying affecting 12.6%. The research highlights the need for prevention and support for children who experience multiple forms of violence.
The Cleveland Clinic has received a $1 million grant to advance the treatment of lethal prostate cancer by identifying genetic biomarkers. The research aims to detect treatment-resistant prostate cancer at an early stage, improving treatment outcomes for patients.
A new study reveals that a small variation in sea level can stall coral reef growth and sediment production, contradicting the long-held notion of continuous reef formation. The research found that most lagoon infilling occurred over just four thousand years before being 'turned off' by a relatively small sea level fall.
Researchers at University of California - Berkeley proved a fundamental relationship between energy and time, setting a 'quantum speed limit' on various processes. The discovery has implications for quantum computing, tunneling, and optical switching.
A Yale-led study suggests that only 27-34% of world's wood fuel is unsustainable, highlighting the need for nuanced, local-specific climate and forest policies in developing nations. The research also identifies 'hotspots' where deforestation exceeds sustainable yields, primarily in South Asia and East Africa.
A meta-analysis of 18 studies found that injectable progestin DMPA is associated with a 50% higher risk of HIV infection among African women. In contrast, other hormonal contraceptives showed no significant increased risk.
Researchers at the University of Chicago observed three exotic, gigantic molecules with a geometric scaling phenomenon, where one molecule is about 5 times larger than the previous one. The findings follow Vitaly Efimov's theoretical prediction in 1970 and demonstrate the power of quantum mechanics.
Research suggests that spraying treated wastewater on land can diminish water pollution by filtering out endocrine-disrupting compounds, which can harm fish populations. Soils with more organic carbon accumulate higher levels of these compounds, but some break down instead.
New research indicates charter schools' opponents are failing to persuade even moderate Democrats, while supporters create enduring support by highlighting non-unionized teachers and the benefits of charters in poorer districts.
Tropical Cyclone Niko was spotted moving southeast through the Society Islands by NASA's Aqua satellite on January 21. The storm remains compact but strengthening, with maximum sustained winds near 50 knots on January 22.
Researchers used denoising autoencoders to effectively extract key biological principles from breast cancer gene expression data, resulting in gene expression features that generalize across studies and represent important clinical factors.
A Harvard-led study reveals that up to 2.7% of the gas delivered to Boston households escapes into the atmosphere, with emissions accounting for 60-100% of regional methane release depending on the season. The findings highlight the need for innovative policymaking to address methane loss from natural gas infrastructure.
A new study has identified over 750 genes involved in long-term memory in the worm, including those not previously found. The researchers hope to understand how these genes contribute to memory loss with age and potentially develop compounds to maintain memory.
Research conducted by University of Illinois experts found positive results in all three areas: engagement, learning and professional development. Students used tablets mostly as a tool for communication and reading, with an average of 49 percent of class reading done on the tablet.
Research shows that different neutrophil subtypes exist, with some anti-tumor properties while others promote tumor progression. The study highlights the importance of targeting specific neutrophil populations to develop effective new therapies for cancer.
A new study shows that Brazil's Soy Moratorium has been effective in reducing deforestation, but government policies alone are not enough. The moratorium helped drastically reduce soy expansion linked to forest clearing, whereas governmental policy alone only curbed a small portion of the issue.
A study found that taking antibiotics for diarrhea while traveling increases the risk of colonizing drug-resistant bacteria, such as ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Travelers returning home with these bacteria can unknowingly spread them to their own countries, posing a serious public health threat.
Researchers used microscopic fossils to date sedimentary layers and shed light on the origin of the Canary Islands. The study supports the mantle plume model, suggesting oceanic volcanoes formed from an anomalously hot plume of molten rock from the Earth's mantle.
Researchers have developed a method to protect user anonymity and prevent fraud in Bitcoin transactions. The CoinShuffle protocol, which uses a decentralized approach similar to the Tor network, can be easily incorporated into current Bitcoin programs.
Researchers found that ant-scaring insects, like beetles, allowed treehoppers to thrive, benefiting nearby rabbitbrush plants. This study highlights the interconnectedness of species in ecosystems and the importance of conservation.
A new study reveals that US liberals and conservatives think differently due to cultural influences. Researchers found that conservative Americans are more likely to engage in holistic thinking, similar to East Asian cultures, whereas liberal Americans tend towards analytical thinking.
A new drug candidate called DBIBB increases the survival of mice suffering from radiation syndrome, even when treatment was delayed by three days. The compound protects against DNA damage and enhances the survival of various types of cells, showing promise for treating acute radiation syndrome.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation that may contribute to tumours becoming resistant to current treatments. The study also found a link between defective copies of the DNA repair gene XRCC2 and platinum-based chemotherapy resistance.
Researchers from University of Exeter, Edinburgh and Imperial College London recreated asteroid impact to debunk theory it caused massive global firestorms. The intense heat near the impact site was too short to ignite live plants, but affected areas far from the site were heated for longer periods.
The study reveals that one chemokine binds to just one receptor in the CXCR4-chemokine complex and that the contacts between the receptor and its binding partner are more extensive than previously thought. This new information could aid the development of better small molecular inhibitors of CXCR4-chemokine interactions.
Research suggests that staying at home and watching TV can help reduce disease spread during a flu epidemic. The study found that certain age groups and socio-economic groups responded more strongly to these behaviors, highlighting the importance of targeted public health policies.
Researchers have discovered the N-terminal domain of Hsp104 plays a crucial role in its ability to dissolve prions and other misfolded proteins. This finding opens up new research directions for designing and engineering Hsp104 to combat human disease proteins.
Research found a statistically significant association between long-term hormonal contraceptive use and glioma risk in women aged 15-49. The study suggests that taking hormonal contraceptives for at least five years may increase the risk of developing a rare brain tumor, glioma.
Research by UC San Francisco scientists reveals that estrogen-producing neurons play a crucial role in regulating aggression in mice, affecting both male and female behavior. The study found that eliminating these neurons slowed response times to threats and reduced aggression in males, while females showed similar changes in maternal ...
Bats utilize a unique 'supper's ready' homing call that alerts other bats to the presence of enticing prey over 328 feet away. This reciprocal eavesdropping mechanism enhances their collective chances of feeding, even in highly-dispersed insect patches.
A study by McGill University scientists found that high salt intake affects brain circuits, preventing the inhibition of neurons that release vasopressin and leading to increased blood pressure. The research suggests that limiting dietary salt may help mitigate hypertension.
WSU researchers found a direct link between BPA and estradiol's effects on sperm production, disrupting DNA interactions needed for creation. This discovery bolsters the estrogen hypothesis and suggests that endocrine disruptors like BPA impair reproduction.
The US Dept. of Energy will discuss its plan to accelerate geothermal energy development, which could increase global resources by harnessing hydraulic fracturing techniques. Researchers present results on controlling injection-triggered seismicity and improving injectivity rates in enhanced geothermal systems.
A new procedure can increase the length of human telomeres by up to 1,000 nucleotides, allowing researchers to generate large numbers of cells for study or drug development. This breakthrough may lead to new ways to treat diseases caused by shortened telomeres.
Researchers used computer simulations and information theory to study glass's behavior. They discovered that atoms in the glass organize into icosahedral configurations, which increase in size over time, suggesting that glass can become a true solid.
Babies as young as 15 months can learn communicative skills from commercial videos, recognizing and producing signs with similar accuracy to parents' instructions. The study contradicts previous research on limited learning potential in this age group.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a material that can sense and manipulate sound and elastic waves. This technology could lead to advancements in imaging, military enhancements such as elastic cloaking, and super-resolution sensors.
Researchers developed a paper clip-sized implant called the Coupler, which significantly lowered blood pressure among patients with uncontrolled high blood pressure. The treatment reduced hypertensive complications and hospital admissions for high blood pressure crises, providing an immediate and pain-free solution.
A UCLA study reveals that parents' long-term goals for their children play a significant role in predicting math and reading abilities. Children from poorer families tend to perform worse despite similar family incomes, due to factors like younger mothers, reduced parental interaction, and limited access to educational resources.
A study found that organizational forgetting affects 16% of quality gains from autonomous learning and 13% of targeted quality improvement efforts. Firms must continually improve while also acknowledging the erosion of knowledge over time.
Researchers found a link between common dietary fatty acids, CD36, and oxidized LDL uptake in cells. The discovery may contribute to the pathophysiology of diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis had greater viral diversity than healthy volunteers, suggesting viruses play a role in the diseases. The study suggests that studying the virome may reveal new insights into obesity and diabetes.
The comet's coma composition changes in response to temperature and seasonal variations, suggesting a complex nucleus-nucleus relationship. This finding challenges the long-held assumption that comets are made mostly of water ice.
Scientists have developed a breakthrough culturing system for human liver stem cells and pancreatic cancer stem cells, allowing for the growth of mini-organisms in the lab. This technology has the potential to revolutionize liver transplantation and aid in the fight against pancreatic cancer, with applications in personalized medicine.
Research found statins had greatest impact on affluent populations, widening health inequalities. A total of 20,400 lives were saved due to reductions in blood pressure and cholesterol between 2000-2007.
A new analysis found that opioid-based prescription painkillers increase the risk of serious birth defects and preterm birth. The CDC and March of Dimes recommend using safer alternatives during pregnancy to protect babies from exposure to opioids.
The journal aims to publish high-quality research on cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, focusing on improving patient care and management of cardiovascular disease. The first issue will be published in 2015, with four issues planned for the year.
A new study by Andrew J. Retzler and colleagues presents a revised map characterizing the size and shape of the Alamo crater. The researchers estimate the crater's diameter to be between 111 and 150 km, more than double previous estimates. This places the Alamo crater as one of the largest marine impacts in the last 550 million years.
A new study projects that the Great Barrier Reef could lose more than half of its coral cover if ocean temperatures continue to rise. The research suggests that moderate warming would lead to a high probability of coral cover declining to less than 10 percent, threatening reef growth.
Researchers developed new animal models that faithfully reproduce the evolution and malignancy of different human tumors. This allows for parallel tumor progression, prediction of relapses, and assessment of effective treatments in a controlled laboratory setting.
OurNotes aims to enhance communication and engage patients in managing illness more effectively and efficiently, leading to improved patient safety and quality of care. The project will explore the potential for patients to contribute to their own medical records, building on BIDMC's well-established work in patient engagement.
Researchers at UCSB show that changes in river channel boundaries directly impact flood hazard trends across the US. Channel capacity needs to be considered jointly with stream flow for accurate flood hazard calculation.
Researchers analyzed over 7.6 million tweets about marijuana, finding that 77% were pro-pot, while only 5% were anti-marijuana. Pro-pot tweets often encouraged use and made claims about health benefits, reaching a large audience of young people at risk for substance abuse.
A new behavioral intervention aims to change caregivers' perceptions about oral health, encouraging them to seek dental care for their children. The study, funded by National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, will test a referral letter and educational materials to improve the oral health of children nationally.
A large study of 25 case-control studies found that head and neck cancers in young adults are more likely caused by inherited genetic factors, not smoking or drinking. In contrast, older adults with a family history of cancer were at higher risk.
A new model suggests California will meet its 2020 GHG reduction goal, with potential for 40% reductions by 2030. The state's policies are expected to result in significant emission reductions, with individual policies quantified for the first time.
Researchers aim to create a novel paleoaltimetry tool that accurately measures paleoelevation and surface uplift rates independent of atmospheric circulation. They will use cosmogenic nuclides to determine shifts in elevation of slowly eroding mountain landscapes.
A study found that both low and high blood calcium levels, as well as high phosphorus levels, are associated with an increased risk of premature death in dialysis patients. The study suggests that lowering these levels may improve patients' health, but further research is needed.
Researchers at Monell Center are developing a clinical tool to predict the role of nasal airflow obstruction in smell loss, which affects an estimated 30 million Americans annually. The new methodology may help surgeons identify responsible blockages and improve treatment outcomes for patients undergoing surgery to restore smell.
A new study finds that colorectal cancer incidence is increasing among young adults aged 20-39 years in the US. The data also showed greater CRC risk for certain racial groups and differences in tumor location and stage at diagnosis compared to older adults. Colorectal cancer is uncommon in people younger than 50 years of age.
A study by British researchers found that aesthetically appealing visuals speed up people's ability to solve multi-step problems with visuals on websites or mobile phones. Simple and familiar icons were the easiest to find, but when the task got harder, pleasing aesthetics provided a performance boost.
A recent study found that adolescents with psychological symptoms often exhibit visual distortions and hallucinations before developing a full-blown mental disorder. The researchers also discovered that these symptoms are strongly linked to self-destructive thought processes, which can increase the risk of suicide.
Researchers discovered a correlation between climate and language evolution, finding that complex tones occur more frequently in tropical regions. The study suggests that inhaling dry air can cause vocal fold dehydration, making it harder to achieve complex tones.
Researchers have made breakthrough discoveries in understanding Pelizaeus Merzbacher disease (PMD), a devastating neurological condition. The study found that myelin-producing cells are still active and can be stimulated to produce more myelin, potentially leading to new treatments for PMD and multiple sclerosis patients.
The Interprofessional Oral Health Grant Team at NYU College of Nursing introduces the HEENOT approach, a comprehensive examination that includes oral cavity assessment. This method is expected to increase interprofessional oral health workforce capacity and improve oral-systemic health across the lifespan.
Research explores how gut bacteria influence brain activity, sleep, stress responses, and disease development. The human microbiome's role in brain function is a growing area of study, with potential therapeutic applications through dietary modification.
Scientists at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered that enzymes believed to promote cancer actually suppress tumors. Correcting a loss-of-function PKC mutation in colon cancer cells reduced tumor growth in mouse models, demonstrating normal PKC activity inhibits cancer.
A team of researchers identified a key epigenetic factor EZH2 that plays a central role in controlling tumor growth and metastasis in melanoma. The study found that suppressing EZH2 activity can prevent the growth and spread of cancer cells, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
A Northwestern University study found that family members sharing familiar stories with coma patients who wore headphones recovered consciousness faster and had improved outcomes. This 'familiar auditory sensory training' stimulated the brain's memory circuits, helping patients wake up more easily and respond to their environment.
Early human ancestors, such as Australopithecus africanus, used human-like hand postures for forceful precision and power gripping 3-2 million years ago. This discovery supports archaeological evidence for stone tool use among fossil australopiths.
Researchers discovered that an anti-inflammatory protein can increase plaque formation in the brain by binding to amyloid-beta and accelerating its buildup. The study suggests that Alzheimer's treatment should be tailored to patients carrying specific APOE variants, such as APOE4, which is a major genetic risk factor for the disease.
A recent study found that communities with higher levels of Indigenous language knowledge and cultural continuity have significantly lower diabetes rates, contrary to expectations. The research suggests that reconnecting Aboriginal Canadians to their cultural roots may be a crucial factor in addressing the epidemic of modern times.
Researchers use laser-driven compression to study extreme conditions inside planets, revealing properties of silica that determine planet formation and evolution. The findings suggest large rocky planets may have long-lived oceans at depth and could explain the existence of planets like Neptune and Uranus.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that neonatal mouse hearts can fully recover normal function after mild injury but fail to regenerate after severe injury. The study suggests that cardiac regeneration strategies should be tailored to the type and severity of heart injury.
Researchers found that autophagy, a cellular recycling process, helps eliminate a molecule called A20 that blocks the immune response. By removing A20, autophagy allows for a quick release of emergency signals, boosting anti-fungal immunity.