The Passages Project aims to foster social norms supporting healthy behaviors, like equal rights in family planning. Researchers will develop and test scalable approaches to promote collective change through media, advocacy, and community campaigns.
Researchers are developing a cancer vaccine to combat Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD), a contagious cancer killing Tasmanian devils. The vaccine aims to save the species by targeting proteins unique to the tumour cells, with hopes for eventual release into the wild.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) have developed a new genetic technique using CRISPR-Cas9 to improve the nutritional value of feed for livestock. The method generates specific yeast that combine protein with digestive enzymes, reducing the need for supplements.
The Geological Society of America recognized James W. Head, Jerry X. Mitrovica, Brandon Schmandt, and others for their groundbreaking contributions to geology. The GSA also honored individuals for their public service, outstanding achievements in science, and dedication to the profession.
Research found that people with diabetes taking glitazone medications had a 28% lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The study, conducted by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine researchers, also found that current users of the medication experienced a significant reduction in PD risk.
A new study by Houston Methodist researchers finds that artificially added phosphates in dairy and cereal products cause bigger spikes in blood phosphorus levels than natural phosphates. This can lead to increased kidney function problems and heart damage, especially for people with healthy kidneys.
A Stanford study reveals that juvenile inmates are more likely to be hospitalized for mental health problems and have longer hospital stays compared to non-incarcerated young people. Mental health diagnoses, particularly depressive disorders, substance abuse, and conduct disorders, were common among detained youth.
A new computer program called Sketch-a-Net can correctly identify the subject of sketches up to 74.9% of the time, outperforming human accuracy of 73.1%. The program has potential applications in police forensics and image retrieval, leveraging touchscreen technology.
A new study demonstrates that non-invasive DNA sampling from hair can yield entire genome data, expanding the field of conservation genomics. This technique opens up new avenues for inquiry in adapting to changing environments.
Researchers at UT Arlington are developing a new ceramic material that can withstand both extreme heat and collisions, making it suitable for use in spacecraft, power plants, and other applications. The advanced material is created by blending different ceramics within the same family, resulting in added strength.
A joint association between low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyle in adulthood increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. Research suggests that adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent most cases of this condition.
Research found that controlled burning increases the growth of an aggressive species of invasive grass, Microstegium vimineum, particularly in moist soil conditions. Burning can promote seed production and spread, making eradication difficult.
Researchers found that repeated exposure to stimuli can lead to recurring mast cell degranulation and long-term pathological eye changes. Inhibiting this release with substances like disodium cromoglycate may offer new ways to treat serous retinal detachment.
A new study by the American Psychological Association found that violent and sexual media content may decrease advertising effectiveness and deter purchasing. The research suggests that ads with G-rated content might be more effective than those with violent or sexual themes.
A clinical trial conducted by Griffith University found that an elderberry supplement can provide some protection from cold and flu-like symptoms following long-haul flights. The study involved 312 economy class passengers who completed a daily diary and surveys before, during, and after travel.
A meta-analysis of 53 studies involving nearly 8,500 people found that programs featuring violence and sex don't improve advertising effectiveness, while some nuances were discovered, such as improved ad recall when the content matches the media.
A recent breakthrough by Tel Aviv University and Antwerp University researchers has identified the mutation of a neuroprotective protein as the probable cause of ADNP-related autism syndrome. This discovery provides new insights into the condition and offers potential avenues for diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving the lives ...
A new study finds that a moderate amount of stress stimulates mellow dogs, while hyperactive dogs perform poorly under increased stimulation. Researchers tested pet and assistance dogs, finding that their baseline temperament plays a crucial role in determining optimal stress levels.
A new study reveals that Louisiana's colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates would drop significantly if the state had the same risk factors, screening rates, and survival rates as New Jersey. With these changes, Louisiana's rates would be lower than those in New Jersey, essentially reversing recent trends.
Researchers have discovered a potential new class of antibiotics inspired by sugar molecules produced by bacteria, offering a new hope in the fight against drug-resistant superbugs. The modified sugar molecules target a crucial part of the bacterial cell wall, killing the bacteria without developing resistance.
Researchers discovered microalgae meal is a promising feedstuff for growing beef cattle, providing high energy and nutrients. The study found that cattle readily consumed algae meal at all concentrations, and its inclusion in diets increased average daily gain and dry matter intake.
Researchers have developed a hybrid photocatalyst using titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silver, and reduced graphene oxide that can break down BPA under visible light. This new material has significantly improved photocatalytic activity compared to traditional TiO2 nanoparticles.
A new model suggests that evolutionary pressures from healthy tissue keep cells with cancerous mutations in check. The study proposes that the ecosystem of a healthy tissue landscape allows healthy cells to outcompete those with cancerous mutations, but when this balance changes due to aging or stressors, cancer cells can thrive.
Two studies found increased use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, automated external defibrillators, and improved survival rates among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Neurologically intact survival increased significantly with bystander defibrillation and chest compressions.
A study published in the Journal of Internet Medicine Research found that over 90% of low-income inner-city pregnant and postpartum women use smartphones to give and get information. The researchers suggest using cellphone interventions to improve health outcomes among this population.
Researchers at NYU develop a virtual IPE curriculum that improves collaboration and care delivery among nursing and medical students. The study finds that virtual learning is an effective and efficient tool for IPE, with no disadvantages over blended-learning approaches.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine suggests that taking diabetes medication glitazones may lower the risk of developing Parkinson's disease by 28%. Researchers analyzed data from over 160,000 diabetes patients and found a significant association between glitazone use and reduced incidence of Parkinson's.
Researchers adapted rock imaging methods to study fungi on paper, revealing that fungi grow similarly to mushrooms and can be embedded within paper fibers. This new insight enables conservators to develop effective conservation strategies for paper artefacts.
Two new Hoya species, H. ruthiae and H. bakoensis, have been discovered in Borneo, showcasing the island's rich plant diversity. The study highlights their unique characteristics, such as H. ruthiae's lack of colored sap and H. bakoensis' epiphytic growth habit.
Researchers have identified two proteins in blood and cerebrospinal fluid that increase significantly after traumatic brain injury, suggesting they could be used to detect trauma-related brain damage. These biomarkers, UCH-L1 and GFAP, correlate with direct evidence of brain damage and may aid in assessing brain injury following TBI.
Researchers at Einstein College of Medicine presented multiple studies on risk factors and predictors of aMCI and dementia in older adults, including the impact of perceived stress, diet, and coping mechanisms. The findings suggest that early detection of cognitive decline is crucial for implementing effective preventive interventions.
The American Academy of Pediatrics has published new Choosing Wisely recommendations for reducing unnecessary tests and treatments in newborn care. The guidelines focus on avoiding routine use of antibiotics, anti-reflux medications, x-rays, MRIs, and overnight lung activity monitoring to improve health outcomes and reduce costs.
A Dartmouth team has successfully synthesized molecules that induce rapid apoptosis in leukemia cells, paving the way for further study of their biological mechanism of action. The findings hold promise for developing novel therapeutic strategies against cancer and other diseases linked to abnormal cell death.
Researchers found that many older Americans with diabetes are not meeting clinical targets for blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure levels. Despite using less stringent guidelines, the study revealed significant racial disparities in diabetes control, particularly among women.
A new study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that low birth weight combined with an unhealthy adult lifestyle can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers analyzed data from over 149,000 healthy men and women and found that 18% of cases were attributable to the combined effect of low birth weig...
A national clinical trial involving two effective drug combinations will be compared in a new study. The trial, led by Dr. Michael B. Atkins at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, aims to determine the best sequencing of treatment regimens for patients with melanoma.
A 10-point questionnaire, known as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), is more effective than measuring blood alcohol level in detecting patients with at-risk drinking behaviors. The study found that up to 50% of trauma patients have alcohol in their bloodstream, and brief interventions can lead to a 50% reduction in...
Recent studies published in Journal of Animal Science explore ways to boost beef and dairy production using marginal lands and fibrous byproducts. Benefits include reduced costs, improved ecological balance, and opportunities for new producers to enter the market.
A doctor argues that long sleeved white coats spread infection and lead to avoidable harm and cost to patients. He advocates for banning doctors and medical students from wearing white coats to reduce hospital acquired infections in India.
A new study found that a Birmingham, Ala., neighborhood's community revitalization project led to an increase in physical activity among residents. Residents' expectations of improved safety and access to green spaces were key factors in their increased exercise habits.
Doctors warn that commercial interests are driving the continued recommendation of calcium and vitamin D supplements for osteoporosis treatment, despite a lack of evidence showing their benefit. The authors argue that industry influence is fuelling enthusiasm for these supplements, which are highly profitable.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new 3-D model of a giant star's last moments, which could help explain how these stars explode. The model addresses previous limitations, including the shape of the star and the lack of fuel source, paving the way for a deeper understanding of supernova mechanisms.
Researchers used iPSC-derived renal progenitors to treat acute kidney injury in mice, showing improved recovery with reduced fibrosis and necrosis. The study's findings suggest that paracrine actions of the cells, rather than integration, led to therapeutic effects.
A new study published in Nature Geoscience suggests that Earth's first crust was torn from the planet and lost to space due to asteroid bombardment, leading to the evolution of its plate tectonics, magnetic field and climate. This phenomenon, known as impact erosion, helps explain why Earth is habitable while Venus is not.
A new study led by Duke Medicine shows that bystander-initiated CPR substantially increased survival from cardiac arrest. The early application of CPR was associated with improved patient survival compared to situations where patients waited for EMS-initiated CPR and defibrillation.
Researchers developed a semiconducting polymer fibre that glows and supports healthy cell growth. The fibre's fluorescent properties enable tracking of its interaction with living tissue for up to 90 days.
Ancient and modern genetic data reveal that Native American ancestors entered the Americas as a single wave approximately 23,000 years ago. The research also shows that ancestral Native Americans split off into two branches around 13,000 years ago, coinciding with glacier melt and the opening of routes into North America's interior.
A new clinical trial found that tamsulosin improves the passage of larger kidney stones, with 83.3% of patients treated with the medication passing their stones compared to 61% on placebo. However, for small kidney stones, time remains the best cure, according to lead author Jeremy Furyk.
A new website, the Chemical Probes Portal, aims to guide researchers in selecting better-quality chemical probes, reducing errors and wasting time and money. The platform crowdsources knowledge from leading researchers, providing up-to-date comparative information to help users choose the best probe for their needs.
A Phase III trial found that conditional cash transfers for school attendance had no effect on reducing HIV incidence among high-school aged women in South Africa. However, these women reported fewer risk behaviors, such as fewer sex partners and less unprotected sex.
A clinical study found that young, single black women in South Africa and men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in the US and Thailand adhered to a daily pill regimen for HIV prevention. The study suggests that daily PrEP dosing is an effective strategy for this population.
A new study finds that economic factors, including consumption and production changes, account for the majority of the decline in US carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels. The analysis used Structural Decomposition Analysis to tease apart the various contributions of six different factors related to energy use and CO2 emissions.
Researchers found that yeast modify their genomes to produce more ribosomes in response to excess calories, enabling faster replication and optimal growth. This study reveals a new mechanism by which organisms can adapt to environmental changes.
Researchers found that feeding high concentrations of soybean meal improved growth and immune response in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The study suggests that isoflavones in soybean meal may have antiviral properties, helping to alleviate the effects of PRRSV.
A new study found that starting antiretroviral therapy early reduces the risk of both serious AIDS-related events and serious non-AIDS-related events, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and death. The study shows a significant benefit of early treatment regardless of age, sex, or geographic region.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in brain cells can improve stress response and potentially treat depression. The study's findings suggest a new therapeutic target for depression treatment, offering hope for patients who have not responded to existing therapies.
Researchers are examining the relationship between telomere length and age-related diseases, with the goal of understanding why some people remain healthy into old age while others develop chronic disease. The £2 million study will provide a rich resource for researchers studying various diseases, including heart disease and cancer.
A new phase III trial will examine two treatment sequences for advanced melanoma patients, with half receiving an investigational combination of immunotherapy drugs first and the other half receiving a different sequence. Researchers aim to find the best treatment sequence to extend patient survival.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine found that retired professional rugby players exhibit more severe symptoms of cervical spine degeneration, including narrower vertebral canals and greater muscle mass. The researchers suggest that stronger paraspinal muscles may aid in controlling spinal pain in this group.
A phase 2 trial found that AS03 and MF59 adjuvants increased immune responses to an inactivated H7N9 influenza vaccine, with AS03-adjuvanted formulations inducing the highest antibody response. The study suggests AS03 as a first-line adjuvant for H7N9 vaccines in adults.
Korean scientists developed a light-activated, mussel protein-based bioadhesive that closes wounds quickly and heals without inflammation or scars. Animal studies proved its superiority to existing options, making it an ideal tissue bonding material for various medical applications.
A recent study published in The BMJ found that regular consumption of sugary drinks is positively associated with type 2 diabetes, independent of obesity status. The study estimated that two million new-onset type 2 diabetes events in the US and 80,000 in the UK could be related to sugar sweetened beverage consumption over 10 years.
The MoveSense app uses a smartphone's sensor data to continuously monitor oxygen saturation levels, enabling accurate tracking of cardiopulmonary fitness. The app can predict patient stability and alert doctors to potential health issues, providing a new tool for managing chronic diseases.
Researchers found that sleep loss for one night altered the regulation and activity of clock genes in human tissues, particularly in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. This could suggest a link between disrupted circadian rhythms and impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic pathologies.
A recent genetic study has uncovered a previously unknown wave of migration to the Americas, linking Native Americans in the Amazon to indigenous people in Australasia. The research suggests that Population Y, an ancestral group from the ice sheets, contributed to the DNA of today's Amazonians.
Researchers found no statistically significant association between pioglitazone use and bladder cancer risk. However, a small increased risk was observed, as well as associations with increased prostate and pancreatic cancer risks.
Researchers have recreated firefly bioluminescence in the lab using a chemical reaction between luciferin and oxygen. The discovery could lead to new applications in medicine, such as more efficient light therapy for patients with certain diseases.
Dr. Li Gan receives the Inge Grundke-Iqbal Award for her influential research on progranulin and amyloid accumulation in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Her work may protect against brain changes associated with the disease.
A study by the University of California Irvine found that economic downturns, rather than increased natural gas use, were responsible for a 11% decrease in climate-changing carbon dioxide emissions in the US. This shift was driven by changes in consumer demand and industrial output.
Researchers have taken a closer look at the geology deep beneath the Tibetan Plateau using gravity data captured by satellite. The analysis offers some of the clearest views ever obtained of rock moving up to 50 miles below the plateau, revealing a complex interplay of wavy patterns at the boundary between the crust and mantle.
A two-year study by UCSF researchers found that smokers who switched to low-nicotine cigarettes were unable to quit smoking in the long term. Despite initial drops in nicotine levels, participants' smoking habits rebounded when they returned to regular cigarettes.
Researchers have tracked the movement of internal waves in the South China Sea, revealing that they are generated daily from internal tides. These massive underwater waves can reach heights of over 170 meters and travel hundreds of kilometers, playing a crucial role in global climate regulation and marine ecosystems.
Researchers found that aging actually offers significant protection against oxidative stress, as the endothelium adapts to regulate ROS and minimize cell death. This adaptation helps ensure arteries of older individuals can still function properly.
Researchers at University of Rochester find that a classical beam of light can fail Bell's Inequality test if entangled, suggesting that the boundary between quantum and classical worlds is not as clear-cut as thought. The study reveals that some features of the real world require entanglement, a key ingredient of quantum physics.
A recent study reveals that ßCTF, a protein precursor to amyloid beta, initiates abnormalities leading to neuron loss in early Alzheimer's pathology. Drugging ßCTF levels may help slow or stop Alzheimer's progression.
The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) has launched a new program to provide independent analysis on pricing linked to patient benefit for new FDA-approved drugs. The program will produce public reports near the time of FDA approval, providing a transparent basis for price negotiations and coverage decisions.
A new virus-like particle vaccine has been developed to protect against a wide variety of influenza viruses. The vaccine was shown to provide significant protection against many different flu strains, including avian H5N1 and H7N9 viruses, which have caused many human cases and deaths in recent years.
Researchers at the International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA) found that newborn brains process language using cognitive mechanisms similar to those of adults. They demonstrated that babies are sensitive to the edges of words and can differentiate between sequences with or without edge changes.
A new genomic analysis pinpoints the arrival of the first Americans to Siberia around 23,000 years ago, with subsequent migrations leading to distinct populations in North and South America. The study also reveals genetic admixture from East Asians and Australo-Melanesians, suggesting limited isolation from the Old World.
Researchers from the University of Calgary developed an ear tag-attached accelerometer unit to monitor rumination and feeding behavior in beef cattle. The technology was able to identify feeding activity correctly 95% of the time, but only identified rumination activity correctly 49% of the time.
Researchers found an association between dicloxacillin treatment and decreased international normalized ratio (INR) levels among patients taking warfarin or phenprocoumon. This finding suggests that physicians should be aware of potential interactions and monitor INR levels accordingly.
Researchers discovered that a yeast byproduct can inhibit the white-nose syndrome fungus, which has killed millions of bats. The compound, tt-farnesol, is produced by Candida albicans and targets the fungus specifically without disrupting other cave ecosystem components.
A study by Northwestern University found that new fathers experience significant weight gain, averaging 3.5 to 4.5 pounds, which can lead to increased risks of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Pediatricians are in a unique position to counsel dads on maintaining their health due to the lack of personal physicians among new fathers.
Researchers create a virus-like particle vaccine cocktail that expresses different subtypes of the hemagglutinin protein, providing cross-protective immunity against multiple subtypes. The study shows that 95% of mice vaccinated with the investigational cocktail were protected against eight different influenza strains.
Researchers used brain scans to identify a predictor of response to treatment with SSRIs, the first-line drug treatment for PTSD. The study found that patients who showed less activation in the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex prior to treatment were more likely to improve with SSRI therapy.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have developed a novel treatment regimen that effectively treats hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), with a 97% success rate
A genome-scale study reveals that all present-day Native Americans descended from a single migration wave into the Americas, arriving no earlier than 23,000 years ago. The ancestral population diversified into two basal branches around 13,000 years ago.
New research finds that HIV treatment for illicit drug users promotes improved health, socio-economic stability, and quality of life. Consistent ART treatment reduces homelessness and involvement in activities like sex work or street-based income generation.
A new study suggests that ultra-brief pulse stimulation is almost as effective as standard ECT in treating severe depression, but with significantly fewer cognitive side effects. The treatment has the potential to benefit up to 10,000 Australians who have not responded to first-line treatments.
The research team at PolyU has established Hong Kong's first breast milk nutrient database, revealing that the DHA level in over 80% of breast milk meets the recommended intake for infants. The study suggests that breastfeeding mothers consume adequate amounts of omega-3 rich fish and other nutrients to support infant growth.
Research from University of Toronto psychologists explores how self-other overlap affects relationships, finding those with high overlap protect their partner from comparisons and maintain positive perceptions.
The US Navy is developing narrow strips of graphene called nanoribbons to improve power control systems in ships, smartphones and electronic devices. Graphene nanoribbons can conduct electricity with reduced heat loss and added strength compared to traditional materials.
Researchers from Korea University have developed an easy and microelectronics-compatible method to grow graphene, allowing for the synthesis of high-quality, multi-layer graphene on silicon substrates. The technique involves ion implantation and activation annealing, enabling controllable and scalable production of large-area graphene.
A US study found that most participants in an NIH-funded study took anti-HIV medication for PrEP, a strategy for HIV prevention. The study enrolled 557 men who have sex with men and transgender women at high risk for HIV infection, and showed moderate adherence to Truvada-based oral PrEP.
A study by Georgetown University Medical Center researchers found that acupuncture blunts activity in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, reducing production of stress hormones. This mechanism is similar to that of antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs, which exert their therapeutic effects on these same pathways.
A study published in Journal of Adolescent Health found that transgender youth have sex hormone levels consistent with their assigned gender at birth. The research also highlighted the mental health impacts of living with a gender atypical experience, including depression and suicidal ideation.
A new study found that mountainous star corals at depths of nearly 140 feet can produce one trillion more eggs per square kilometer than shallow-water counterparts. This discovery has significant implications for the future of coral reefs worldwide, as it suggests that deeper waters may offer reproductive refuge to threatened species.
A new study published in Nature Geoscience reveals that latent heat release in ascending air masses plays a crucial role in the formation and perpetuation of stable high-pressure systems, also known as 'blocking', which can lead to extreme weather conditions. The research team analyzed massive amounts of climate data from around the wo...
Researchers discovered that mongoose cooperativeness lasts a lifetime, with consistent individuals helping offspring care and those with selfish personalities not increasing their workload. The study found varying personality types among mongooses, which remain unknown.
Michigan State University researchers are studying how electric fish signals evolve in a natural hybrid zone along Gabon's Louetsi River. The discovery could help identify genes underlying complex and simple electric signals.
Dr. Fauci emphasizes the need for targeted deployment of proven prevention methods to high-transmission areas, while also reviewing effective interventions such as ART, PrEP, and treatments that prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission.
Researchers found that inviting customers to tailor ads improves attitudes towards location-based advertising. Customization with high-involvement products also enhances customer acceptance.