A new study suggests a causal pathway between job strain and disturbed sleep, implying that interventions to treat sleep problems may improve work satisfaction. Higher work demands predicted subsequent sleep disturbances, while sleep disturbances also predicted higher stress levels.
Scientists are using subatomic particles called muons to analyze the thickness of concrete slabs and metal pipes. The technique can safely identify faulty infrastructure components without creating radiation or invasive inspections.
MD Anderson researchers discovered a breast tumor marker that predicts metastasis by analyzing the gene expression signature of mouse embryos. Tumors with similar signatures to six-day-old embryos were more prone to metastasize than those with adult-like signatures.
A collaborative project between Caltech and the Weizmann Institute of Science observed a unique radiation spike in ultraviolet range, supporting a giant companion model for white dwarf explosions. The findings highlight the importance of ultraviolet-range observations in understanding type Ia supernovae.
Researchers found that human urine's unknown factors interfere with bacterial FimH protein's ability to adhere to cells and switch off pilus production assembly. This exposes a crucial weakness in pathogen's ability to infect, making potential non-antibiotic treatments more effective
Astronomers monitor the outburst of V404 Cygni, a black hole firing up in an X-ray nova. The data collected will help determine the type of object at its heart, providing insights into these rare events.
Research from NIMBioS found that the timing of spawning is crucial for the survival of larval fish, with success rates higher on days when spawning is observed to occur. This study has important implications for fisheries management and conservation, highlighting the need to protect spawning aggregations.
Researchers found that a single small genetic change enabled Yersinia pestis to transition from causing gastrointestinal infections to respiratory diseases, including pneumonic plague. This discovery may have helped explain how the plague spread globally, leading to devastating pandemics like the Black Death.
A systematic review of 65 studies in 34 countries identifies 7 areas of mistreatment and abuse during childbirth, including physical, sexual, and verbal abuse. The authors call for improved access to privacy, resources, and trained staff to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Research finds women's faces increase in redness during ovulation, but levels are undetectable to the naked eye, challenging the idea that facial redness signals fertility; studies suggest other voluntary signals like make-up may have replaced involuntary ones
A study funded by the Tree Nut Council found that consuming tree nuts daily was associated with lower body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and insulin resistance. This consumption also led to higher levels of good cholesterol and a reduced risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
A hospital-wide clinical improvement initiative implemented across all departments at BWH significantly reduced the 30-day readmission rate of patients at risk for DASH by nine percent. The program, which included standardized assessment tools and care management guidelines, improved patient outcomes and quality of life.
Researchers will study the complex interaction of human and natural forces that may alter patterns of disease transmission. Small prawns are expected to kill snails effectively, providing a potential solution to schistosomiasis.
Researchers at the University of Washington have engineered yeast cells to communicate with each other using auxin, a plant hormone that can induce specific genes to be expressed. This breakthrough could lead to the development of synthetic stem cells and artificial organs that require different types of cells to work together.
Researchers at PPPL have developed a detailed model of the source of the density limit, a puzzling limitation on fusion reactions. The findings suggest that a runaway growth of bubble-like islands can cause the plasma gas to cool and spiral apart, disrupting the reaction.
A new mathematical formulation of cosmic viscosity bridges the gap between thermodynamics and Einstein's general theory of relativity, favoring the 'Big Rip' scenario. The model also sheds light on dark energy, suggesting it may account for the universe's accelerating expansion.
Researchers at Salk Institute find that a high-fat diet amplifies the effects of FGF21, granting mice resistance to obesity and associated diseases. The study provides insight into potential new therapies for mitochondrial and metabolic diseases in humans.
Researchers found evidence of six large earthquakes in western Solomon Islands over the past 3,000 years, including five that were as large or larger than a devastating 2007 earthquake. The study used corals to analyze seismic events and provide insight into the relationship between earthquakes and long-term geological processes.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has established a new award to increase the number of physician-scientists in cancer research. The grant provides $100,000 per year for three years and up to $100,000 of medical school debt repayment. Two awardees will investigate novel approaches to fighting cancer.
Researchers found that phytoplankton exposed to fluctuating CO2 levels adapted more to future changes than those grown in stable conditions. However, the adapted algae evolved more and were smaller, potentially impacting marine animal feeding and carbon sequestration.
A new study at FAU will examine the impact of an injectable long-acting antipsychotic medication on patients with severe schizophrenia, aiming to reduce relapse and re-hospitalization. The two-year research aims to investigate treatment adherence and its effect on 30-day hospital readmission rates.
The study provides a comprehensive review of folate biomarkers, which can be used to assess an individual's or population group's folate status. Adequate folate intake is critical during fetal development to prevent birth defects such as spina bifida.
Researchers discover smaller nanoparticles of magnesium hydride have better mechanical properties, including plastic stability and homogeneous dislocation activity. This suggests a path forward for making better hydrogen storage tanks by engineering them to take advantage of these properties.
Healthcare education researchers call for increased funding to provide a sound evidence base for medical training methods. Without it, the future of healthcare training is at risk, leading to preventable errors and costly mistakes that can result in significant financial burdens on patients and the NHS.
The Moffitt Cancer Center has received a $3.6 million grant to investigate the long-term use of e-cigarettes as a quit-smoking strategy. The five-year study will enroll 2,500 e-cigarette users and follow them for 24 months to gather data on their effectiveness.
An innovative imaging study shows that the spinal cord learns complex motor tasks on its own, independent of the brain. This discovery may offer new opportunities for rehabilitation after spinal cord injury.
Researchers have discovered a unique process in TB bacteria that uses an additional protein to read DNA, providing a potential new target for antibiotics. This finding could speed up the drug discovery process by allowing scientists to quickly rule out ineffective treatments.
Poor sleep quality predicts increased severity and frequency of depression and mania in women with bipolar disorder. For men, baseline depression score and neuroticism are stronger predictors of mood outcome. Improving sleep quality could help patients avoid mood episodes and improve quality of life.
A new University of Colorado Boulder framework screened hundreds of organic chemical compounds used in hydraulic fracturing, identifying 15 as potentially hazardous groundwater contaminants based on their toxicity, mobility, and persistence. The study also predicted that 41 compounds would have 10% or more of their initial concentratio...
A recent study published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization found a strong correlation between global increases in food energy supply and obesity rates. The research analyzed data from 69 countries and discovered that both body weight and food energy supply had increased in 81% of them between 1971 and 2010.
The newly discovered centipede, Geophilus hadesi, is the world's deepest cave-dwelling centipede and has adapted to live exclusively in caves. It features unusual traits such as elongated antennae, trunk segments, and powerful jaws with poison glands.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has launched a new open-access journal, Advances in Radiation Oncology, with Founding Editor Robert C. Miller, M.D. The journal will publish original research on novel retrospectives and hypothesis-generating series, with a focus on practice transformation.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding how deactivation of a key protein leads to breast cancer metastasis. The new high-speed atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique allows for the first time to image live breast cancer cells, providing insights into the physical properties and dynamics of these cells.
A meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials found that vegetarian diets lead to significant weight loss, with vegan diets showing the greatest results, and benefits attributed to high intake of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
Hydraulic fracturing requires varying amounts of water, with average volumes ranging from 2.6 gallons to 9.7 million gallons per well. The most water-intensive watersheds coincide with major shale formations such as Eagle Ford and Haynesville-Bossier.
Researchers studied the aftermath of Yosemite's Rim fire, which burned 400 square miles in 2013, to understand its impact on forest recovery. They found that uncharacteristically high severity and altered dynamics, with potential for vegetation switching to shrubs if not restored through controlled burns.
A new tropical depression has formed near the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific Ocean, affecting some islands and extending the Southern Pacific cyclone season. The depression is expected to strengthen into a tropical storm before moving south over Guadalcanal.
Researchers found that freshwater acidification impacts pink salmon's ability to survive, return to spawning grounds, and detect predators. The study highlights the need for further research on freshwater species' responses to rising carbon dioxide levels.
A study published in Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare found that robot-assisted telemedicine improved the accessibility of neonatal intensive care specialists. The remote specialist required more time to care for patients due to internet connectivity issues, but overall, there were no significant differences in patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have identified a subgroup of follicular lymphoma patients who experience early disease recurrence despite modern treatments. These patients may require personalized therapy approaches, such as targeted sequencing or gene-expression profiling, to improve their outcomes.
A new study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that people are more likely to conform to others' preferences than actions. Researchers designed six experiments involving everyday activities to test this theory, revealing a pervasive tendency to adopt others' judgments as one's own.
Scientists uncover fragile alliance between SMN protein and Gemins that leads to SMA. Disrupting this balance causes catastrophic consequences, including death in flies and muscle weakness.
The National Weather Service is launching new graphics to communicate forecast information more clearly, based on research by a team at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The new icons feature split images and color-coded boxes to convey the existence, timing, and potential severity of upcoming weather threats.
A new study published in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology found that Evekeo improves ADHD symptoms and behavior in children with ADHD. The medication, given once or twice daily, shows significant improvement in ADHD rating scores, especially within the first 10 hours post-dose.
In tough economic times, parents tend to allocate more resources to their female offspring, according to a study published in the Journal of Consumer Research. The researchers found that when parents perceive economic conditions as poor, they are more likely to prioritize their daughters over sons.
A study by Singapore researchers established that gene p73 has both promotional and suppressive functions in tumor growth. The findings suggest that p73 is stabilized and activated under hypoxic conditions, promoting efficient blood vessel formation that supports tumor development.
A new study by University of Montreal researchers found that long-term cannabis use is associated with weight gain, but this effect varies depending on factors such as gender and level of use. The study also showed that concomitant cigarette smoking can alter the relationship between cannabis use and weight gain.
A study published in PNAS reveals that the neurotransmitter GABA plays a crucial role in encoding seasonal changes through changes in chloride levels. By blocking GABA activity, researchers were able to synchronize the brain's internal clock, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for individuals with disrupted seasonal rhythms.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered a molecular mechanism behind pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome patients. They propose two therapeutic strategies: manipulating CHI3L1 and CRTH2 proteins to slow down scarring.
A new detection method has been developed to rapidly and accurately detect drug-resistant HCV mutants, including the Y93H mutation. The system achieved a high success rate of 98.9% in detecting this mutation in Japanese HCV genotype 1b patients.
Research found that neighborhoods with more physical activity resources and healthy food options have a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. Individuals with lower income, education, or physical activity levels were more likely to develop the condition.
A new NYU study reveals that using marijuana to alleviate boredom increases the risk of reporting powder cocaine or hallucinogen use, while 'experimentation' is associated with lower risk. Infrequent use does not increase risk, and most teens who use marijuana do not progress to using other drugs.
Researchers found a rare genetic variant in the A2ML1 gene associated with an increased risk of middle ear infections. The study, led by Dr. Regie Santos-Cortez, identified the variant in 37 Filipinos and two European-Americans with otitis media, suggesting it may be the result of a founder effect from Spain.
The International Association for Dental Research published a case report on the first application of 3D printed scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering in humans. A review also discussed various 3D bioprinting methods, biomaterials, and their potential applications.
Scientists at UC San Diego discovered that freshwater planarians are comparably sensitive to tested chemicals as zebrafish larvae and nematodes, but offer unique advantages such as studying genetically identical adult and developing animals. This could reduce the use of laboratory mammals in toxicology tests.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that microRNA-132 plays a critical role in regulating the transition from inflammation to proliferation during wound healing. The researchers identified miR-132 as a therapeutic target for promoting healing and developing new treatments for chronic skin wounds.
Researchers discovered a link between heart disease and lower bone mineral density, with women more affected. The study suggests that heart disease may weaken bones, increasing risk of fractures.
Researchers discovered a buffering mechanism that protects animals from severe genetic mutations, which may hold the key to understanding human diseases. By identifying these mechanisms, scientists can develop new treatments and improve clinical practice.
Researchers identified two factors that lead investors to assess fraud risk, including reliance on financial statements and perception of corporate fraud prevalence. Most nonprofessional investors are also concentrated in fewer companies, making them more vulnerable to fraudulent activity.
A new study found that simple changes to oral rehydration salt (ORS) packaging designs increased caregivers' willingness to provide treatment to their children. The new packaging features smaller sachets, brighter pictures, and added flavor to make ORS more acceptable to infants.