Researchers found that having over 300 Facebook friends increases cortisol levels in teens, while supportive behavior towards friends reduces stress. The study suggests that excessive social media use can lead to increased stress and potentially depression.
Researchers from Florida State University have created a new type of high-performing LED using organometal halide perovskites, which outshines traditional LEDs by about 25 times. The material is also quick and easy to produce, reducing production costs.
A new study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B found that cooperative bird behavior can reduce oxidative stress and cell damage during the breeding season. In groups with shared workload, birds showed stronger antioxidants and lower free radical damage compared to those with heavy breeding workloads.
Researchers investigated skin samples from pregnant women with recent-formed stretch marks, finding disrupted elastic fibers that remain damaged after giving birth. The study suggests that preserving existing elastic fibers may be a more effective approach than repairing damaged ones within stretch marks.
A new study examines the spatial distribution of conservation lands in the Appalachian Mountains. The research found that social factors play a more significant role in the distribution of conservation easements than environmental factors.
Children with neuromuscular disorders such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy are three times more likely to experience cardiac arrest during spine surgeries. The study found that the absolute risk of cardiac arrest is minuscule, but knowing who's at highest risk can improve preparedness and response time.
Researchers found that consumers of problem-focused self-help books present greater depressive symptoms, while growth-oriented book consumers show increased stress reactivity. Further research is needed to determine the cause of this observation.
A new study developed a potential test to sort out precancerous pancreatic cysts from harmless ones, with an accuracy rate of up to 98 percent. The test combines genetic markers and clinical evaluation, potentially helping patients avoid unnecessary surgery.
A new study reveals differences in seal species' behavior, influencing effective measures to mitigate seal-fishery conflict. The study suggests that developing fishing gear and practices can provide more effective mitigation measures than removing individual seals away from fishing gear.
Researchers at UT Dallas have made a breakthrough in developing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy for spinal cord injuries outside the forebrain. The study found that VNS paired with rehabilitation can restore 75% more forelimb strength after a cervical spinal cord injury, opening up new possibilities for treatment.
Scientists at Jülich and Aachen have developed a method to control the conducting properties of topological insulators more precisely. By stacking materials instead of mixing, they optimized conductivity and reduced energy requirements. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more efficient computers and mobile phones.
Heavy flooding in southeastern India has caused at least 70 reported deaths, with Chennai experiencing exceptionally high casualties. NASA's Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) data indicate rainfall totals of over 200mm in large areas of Tamil Nadu and northern Sri Lanka.
In a new study, elite ultra-endurance runners who eat very few carbohydrates burned more than twice as much fat as high-carb athletes during maximum exertion and prolonged exercise. The study reveals that low-carb diets can augment physical performance and recovery, challenging conventional sports nutrition advice.
Researchers at the University of Basel successfully transport electrons from a superconductor through a quantum dot into a metal with normal conductivity. The team measured discrete resonances, confirming theoretical predictions and demonstrating the phenomenon's applicability to quantum technology applications.
A mathematical model developed by Brown University researchers sheds light on how zebrafish get their iconic stripes. The model simulates the movement of pigment cells and birth and death of cells to recreate the development of stripes as seen in experiments.
A Cornell University study found men will eat significantly more food in the company of women than other men, consuming 93% more pizza and 86% more salad. When dining with men, many women felt they overate and were rushed through their meal.
Scientists successfully produced a high-quality FeNi magnet using natural meteorite material in just ten days, significantly reducing the production time from billions of years. This breakthrough resolves issues related to rare-earth supply and paves the way for industrial superiority in future magnets.
Researchers found obesity and Type 2 diabetes negatively impact bone health, while exercise prevents weight gain, diabetes, and increases bone strength. This study informs interventions to improve bone health in individuals with obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
Research found structural differences in brain regions of people with schizophrenia who experience hallucinations compared to those without hallucinations. The paracingulate sulcus, a fold towards the front of the brain, was shorter in individuals prone to hallucinations.
The PANTHER team developed software that can represent remote sensor images and make them searchable. Tracktable code automates observation of motion and trajectories, enabling faster analysis of huge data sets.
The study identified at least three different structural classes of compounds active against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis. These new inhibitors target the reductive sulfur assimilation pathway, essential for the bacteria's survival in host defense systems.
Researchers successfully promoted the repair of an injured neural circuit in zebrafish using a special form of inducible adenylyl cyclase that responds to blue light, increasing repair rates by up to 30%. This breakthrough has potential therapeutic implications for conditions like diabetes-related neuropathies.
A University of Cincinnati professor examines how casting agents with anthropological training navigate conservative views in the fashion industry. Her research reveals that these individuals often turn to creative outlets like documentaries and blogs, highlighting the evolving role of anthropology in understanding professionals.
Researchers have linked the Irish potato famine pathogen to a fungus-like organism from South America using ancient DNA. The study suggests that early European activities in the New World led to the origin of this devastating pathogen.
A study by psychologists at the University of York analyzed anonymized data from League of Legends to find correlations between user names and in-game behavior. Positive usernames were linked to positive personality traits, while anti-social expressions correlated with similar behavior. Age was also indicated by numbers in user names.
A nationwide study found that minorities are less likely to receive analgesic medications for abdominal pain at US emergency departments. Black and Hispanic patients experience prolonged ED lengths of stay and were less likely to be hospitalized for their ailments.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich identify key mechanisms behind lithium ion battery capacity loss due to aging. The study reveals that a pacifying layer on the anode consumes active lithium and protects the electrolyte from decomposition.
A study of Colorado local government officials found that public opinion (95.5%) and tax revenues (50%) were significant factors in their decisions to permit recreational marijuana use. Existing medical marijuana policies also played a role in shaping these decisions.
Researchers have found evidence that the melting of Scandinavian ice sheet drove a catastrophic freshwater flood, plunging the planet into a sudden cold snap, reconciling climate models with reconstructions. The study provides the missing link to understanding current inconsistencies between climate models and reconstructions.
Researchers discovered that the behavior of monocytes, a type of white blood cell, can indicate how soon patients will recover after hip surgery. The study found that 50% of variation in recovery time could be predicted based on these cells' behavior, which could help doctors plan better post-surgery care.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have found a genetic mutation that renders carriers susceptible to impulsive and reckless behavior when drunk. The study, led by Dr. Roope Tikkanen, discovered a point mutation in the serotonin 2B receptor gene associated with increased impulsivity, particularly in response to alcohol consumption.
Researchers have found ranibizumab to be an effective alternative to laser therapy for treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a disease that causes extensive harm to the blood vessels in the retina. The drug carries fewer side effects and improves vision by about half a line on an eye chart compared to the laser group.
A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that minority patients with acute abdominal pain are less likely to receive analgesic medications, with black patients experiencing the greatest undertreatment. The study also found disparities in hospital waiting times and admission rates among minority groups.
Researchers identify unique expansions of gene families related to chemoreception and feeding in Rhodnius prolixus, the kissing bug that transmits Chagas disease. These findings may lead to novel approaches for controlling or eliminating the disease by targeting specific genes or processes.
Researchers found that giving common antibiotic azithromycin at the first sign of cold symptoms can reduce the risk of severe lower respiratory tract illness in children. The study tested azithromycin against placebo in 607 children and showed a significant difference in the severity of infections between the two groups.
A University of Oklahoma-led study reveals that vast amounts of iron-rich dust deposits from 300 million years ago had a significant impact on ecosystem fertilization and atmospheric carbon levels. The research offers insights into the potential consequences of geoengineering schemes to control climate change.
A comprehensive care program involving a team of specialists from multiple medical disciplines has reduced hospital readmissions for seniors due to falls by 10%. The multidisciplinary approach emphasizes early intervention and patient-centered care, leading to improved safety outcomes and reduced risk of future complications.
The merger of Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller poses significant global health risks, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The new company's expansion plans in Africa are driven by targeting low-income consumers, echoing the strategies of transnational tobacco companies.
The study reveals that both humans and monkeys have a common brain area that recognizes the orderliness of sound sequences, suggesting evolutionary origins of cognitive functions underlying language. This knowledge may help understanding how we learn and lose language, such as in aphasia after a stroke or dementia.
New research from the American Heart Association found that heart failure patients who face lack of social support and practical barriers such as transportation are less likely to benefit from supervised aerobic physical activity. In contrast, those with higher perceived social support and fewer barriers exercised more, on average.
Researchers found that a secreted bone protein called Sclerostin inhibits prostate cancer metastasis to bone. The study also showed that lack of SOST in the bone microenvironment promotes expression of genes associated with cell migration and invasion.
A Rice University study found that hemoglobin content, platelet count, and WBC count vary significantly from drop to drop in fingerprick tests. To achieve accurate results, healthcare professionals must take care to avoid skewed data when designing new protocols and technologies.
New York University researchers have received a three-year, $2 million grant to investigate new ways to deploy electrons and reconfigure physical properties. The project aims to create improved semiconductors, magnets, insulators, and other materials for faster, more energy-efficient computing devices.
Two studies found a decline in early-stage prostate cancer incidence and PSA-based screening rates among men 50 years and older following the 2012 USPSTF screening recommendations. The decline was most pronounced in younger men, with significant reductions in PSA screening rates observed between 2010 and 2013.
Researchers used TV viewing data from 99 programs with predictive accuracies over 59% and three that predicted outcomes above 79%. The model forecasts election outcomes at the state and county levels, providing insights into key drivers of election results. The study's findings suggest a potential application to future elections.
Research by Ravi Mehta shows that scarcity leads to increased product-use creativity without compromising appropriateness. In contrast, abundant resources may negatively impact creativity. Mehta's findings suggest that marketers should activate a general sense of scarcity to promote innovation.
Tropical Storm 27W formed in the Marianas Islands, bringing warnings for Micronesia. The storm's center was located near latitude 4.7 degrees north and longitude 159.8 degrees east, with maximum sustained winds increasing to 40 mph.
Researchers found that biodiversity facilitates processes in an ecosystem, especially under harsh environmental conditions. The team tested this hypothesis using microbial communities and demonstrated that functional redundancy varies with prevalent environmental conditions.
Researchers used microCT scanning to visualize brooding chambers and juveniles in live-bearing brittle stars. The 3D images provide an in situ view of developing young and the position of bursae inside adults, allowing for comparative morphological analyses.
A collaborative team of researchers identified over 100 genes crucial for high-altitude adaptation in fruit flies, including more than 40 human equivalents. These genes prioritize respiratory system development and metabolic rewiring, enabling organisms to thrive in low-oxygen environments.
Researchers discovered that solid materials, including nanocrystals and the Earth's crust, share similar deformation properties due to slip-avalanches. This study enables the transfer of results across different scales and materials, providing new tools for predicting material deformation and hazard prevention.
The new Brain Safety Lab will develop potential brain safety solutions, test prototypes and deploy them in real-world clinical settings. The lab will focus on addressing medications with anticholinergic effects and preventing repeated episodes of hypoglycemia in older adults with diabetes.
Researchers predict a physical effect that would help physicists and astronomers test Einstein's general theory of relativity. The gravitational Faraday effect, first predicted in the 1950s, theorizes that light polarization rotates according to Einstein's theory when traveling close to a spinning black hole.
Adelie penguins' population has seen a 135-fold increase over the last 14,000 years due to retreating glaciers. However, regional variability means some populations are declining despite current favorable environmental conditions.
A study published in JAMA found that early azithromycin treatment significantly reduced the risk of progression to severe lower respiratory tract illness in children with recurrent histories. The treatment was effective in reducing episodes of severe LRTI, but may lead to increased rates of antibiotic resistance.
The researchers have developed a new model that allows atomic-level simulations of DNA dynamics, achieving extraordinary accuracy in just 5 years of work. The data is stored in a public website with over 4 Terabytes of information.
A new study suggests that vast quantities of radiation from superflaring Red Dwarf stars like Kepler-438 can strip away an atmosphere and make a planet uninhabitable. The energy released by each superflare is equivalent to 100 billion megatons of TNT, posing a significant threat to life on Earth-like planets.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that reducing cropland to below 60% or restoring wetlands to above 6% can bring about significant improvements to surface water quality. Small tweaks to landscape composition may also enhance freshwater benefits in urban areas by adding rain gardens or parks.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have created a genetic test to identify young adults at risk of type 1 diabetes. The new tool combines genetic variants to provide a single score, helping doctors diagnose and treat patients more effectively.
Yingcai Zheng, an assistant professor at the University of Houston, has received the 2015 J. Clarence Karcher Award for his significant contributions to exploration geophysics. His research focuses on characterizing fractured reservoirs, a key area of study in the field.